The Chinese Exhibition IndustryFaces the WTO

On Nov. 15, 1999, China and the USsigned an agreement on market accessconcerning China's entry into the WorldTrade Organization (WTO) in Beijing.Different people have different ideason the advantages and disadvantages ofChina's entry into the WTO. Most people believe that it will do more good thanharm. The advantages outweigh the disadvantages.What factors hinder China's ability tocompete in the world exhibitionmarket?I. The great disparity between theexpertise at home and abroadOveral…     

The Retrospect of Partenariat and the Achievements

Since 1997 to 2000, CCPIT has organized domestic enterprises to participate in 7 Partenariats in Europe for 4 successive years, 146 Chinese enterprises had conducted598 rounds of business negotiations, and had reached53 cooperative agreements     

The Development in the Coming 3 Decades

On June 25,2008,Summit Fo- rum on the Development in the Coming 3 Decades,hosted by China Business Press and sponsored by BMW Brilliance,was held in Beijing Great Wall Sheraton Hotel. World known economists and entrepre- neurs gathered together to review the ex- perience of China's thirty years of reform and opening up as well as to explore the driving force of China's future develop- ment.China's five famous economists,as     

The Chinese Exhibition Industry Faces the WTO

What kinds of preparation should theChinese exhibition industry make?I. Being aware of one's survival anddevelopment in competitionIt's unrealistic that we depend on ourgovernment's protection or establishment of barriers; at the same time competition will put us under great pressureto stimulate our vigor and vitality. Weare sure to find our advantages and disadvantages from the competition to improve ourselves continuously to reachthe world exhibition standard. On theother hand, we shall not…     

The Recipe for the Perfect Review?

Online product reviews, originally intended to reduce consumers’ pre-purchase search and evaluation costs, have become so numerous that they are now themselves a source for information overload. To help consumers find high-quality reviews faster, review rankings based on consumers’ evaluations of their helpfulness were introduced. But many reviews are never evaluated and never ranked. Moreover, current helpfulness-based systems provide little or no advice to reviewers on how to write more helpful reviews. Average review quality and consumer search costs could be much improved if these issues were solved. This requires identifying the determinants of review helpfulness, which we carry out based on an adaption of Wang and Strong’s well-known data quality framework. Our empirical analysis shows that review helpfulness is influenced not only by single-review features but also by contextual factors expressing review value relative to all available reviews. Reviews for experiential goods differ systematically from reviews for utilitarian goods. Our findings, based on 27,104 reviews from Amazon.com across six product categories, form the basis for estimating preliminary helpfulness scores for unrated reviews and for developing interactive, personalized review writing support tools.     

The Power of the ＂Made-In-China＂

Industries are the engines of the economic growth. China＇s industries continued to evolve and diversify in 2010. There were hope, and there were pains. But all the industries in this country have a dream： to do better in the global market.     

The Trends of the International Arbitration Development

The international arbitration, as a kind of the methods to resolve the disputes in the international society, is flourished in recent years. On the basis of the international arbitration's features, the jurisdiction to relevant to the political issues is omission in the session of the disputes. Increasing of the disputes express to the globalization of the economy in the world. Not only do the position of the arbitration and the parties of the cases come from the region, but also the Europe as the traditional arbitration center, replaced by the Pacific/Asia region. The reason of the trend developing for the international arbitration results from the international arbitration's feature- the forum is neutral, treaty ensures enforcement abroad and no appeal, limited discover. Less time consuming, greater degree of the voluntary compliance, procedure is less costly and the result are more predictable.     

Only the lonely? The influence of the spouse on the transition to self-employment

Previous research showed that married individuals are overrepresented among the self-employed. Few studies proposed skill-spillover between the spouses within the marriage as an explanation. This paper deviates from the previous research by exploring different relationship contexts (e.g., cohabitation, being married or divorced, a widow(er) or single) and the role of partner influences under these contexts. It argues that the interaction between gender and relationship status implies variation in not only resources but also constraints, and hence sorts individuals into two different types of self-employment: entrepreneurial self-employment (i.e., incorporated business) and unincorporated self-employment. Using “Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) 1965–2005” data, results of the competing risk models show that marital status contributes to both types of self-employment transitions, especially for men, but also for women. Cohabitation is a less supportive context for entrepreneurship and a partner’s self-employment experience increases only women’s likelihood of entering into entrepreneurship. These results suggest that skill-spillover between partners might be context dependent and only in one direction (from men to women).     

The more business owners, the merrier? The role of tertiary education

Policy in developed countries is often based on the assumption that higher business ownership rates induce economic value. Recent microeconomic empirical evidence may lead to a more nuanced view: Especially the top-performing business owners are responsible for the value creation of business owners. Other labor market participants would contribute more to economic value creation as an employee than as a business owner. The implied existence of an “optimal” business ownership rate would thus replace the dictum of “the more business owners, the merrier.” We attempt to establish whether there is such an optimal level, i.e., a quadratic relation between the business ownership rate and economic output rather than a linear or higher-order relationship, while investigating the role of tertiary education. Two findings stand out. First, by estimating extended versions of traditional Cobb–Douglas production functions on a sample of 19 OECD countries over the period 1981–2006, we indeed find robust evidence of an optimal business ownership rate. Second, the relation between business ownership and macroeconomic productivity is steeper for countries with higher participation rates in tertiary education. Thus, the optimal business ownership rate tends to decrease with tertiary education levels. This is consistent with microeconomic theory and evidence showing that business owners with higher levels of human capital run larger firms.     

The ‘online high street’ or the high street online? The implications for the urban retail hierarchy

The U.K. has the greatest proportion of online sales in Europe. This study seeks to explore the differential effects of online retailing on the (evolving) hierarchy of shopping centres by examining current trends and underlying forces. The overall objectives of the paper are to qualify and explore the influence of online retailing in the decision-making processes of leading retailers today; and to assess how virtual influences become manifest in the tangible built environment and have impacted the retail hierarchy? It differentiates online retail trends by sector and retailer size, and examines the consequences for different types of shopping centres. The empirical research is based on the changing location of stores of a major fashion retailer and interviews with three of Britain’s leading retailers that have seen the more substantial increase in online turnover in recent years. Major retailers are found to have integrated online offerings, such as click and collect, into a ‘multi-channel’ retailing approach. Online retailing has therefore become an inherent and central element within large retailers’ business and therefore real estate strategies, with considerations such as online marketplace penetration and possible ‘cannibalisation’ coming to the fore in decision-making about store location. Online retail sales are, to a degree, drawing sales away from shopping centres but its impact on the existing shopping hierarchy is largely to reinforce established long-term trends driven by the motor age and the shift to out of town retailing. This is symbolised by the largest ‘high street’ fashion retailer now having more branches in retail parks than town centres. Out of town shopping centres for example are benefitting because of the ease of goods collection offered by these locations.     

The Chinese Youth Affirm the Reform and Opening of the LastTwo Decades

AttheendoflastyealtheAll-ChinaYOuthFCderationandtheChineseYOuthDailyofficejointlypublishedtheresultsofamajorreaders'investigationnamed"1978-1998:thetwodecadesintheEyesofChina'sYouth".25200peopletookpartintheinvestigation,89.9%ofthembelievedthewholesituationofChinesesocialdevelopmentwasgood,and86.9%ofthembelievedtheywerebeneficiariesofthereformandopening-up.Readersfrom32provinces,autonomousregionsandmunicipalitiescompletedtheinvestigationbyansweringthequestionspublishedintheChineseYOuthDa…     

The “end game” of the enlargement of the European Union

The process of enlargement would be facilitated if the EU and the candidates were less concerned about the date of accession and more keen to focus their efforts instead on identifying ways, on the one hand, to translate collective benefits into individual national benefits so that all member states would support enlargement and, on the other, to assess the readiness of the candidates with more precise criteria. Because of the nature of the negotiations, these two apparently unrelated problems are de facto interconnected. One way for the successful completion of the accession negotiations is for these two issues to be formally de-linked. The author, who is also acting as advisor to the Chief Negotiator of a candidate country, writes here in a strictly personal capacity. He wishes to acknowledge the very helpful comments received from Edward Best, Rita Beuter, Frank Bollen, Tom Casier and Antti Kuosmanen. Naturally, he is solely responsible for the views expressed in this paper.     

Does the inflation rate affect the performance of the stock market? The case of Egypt

The intention of this paper is to examine the impact of the inflation rate on the performance of the Egyptian stock market. Particular attention is paid to the effects of the rate of inflation on various stock market performance variables, in terms of market activity and market liquidity. From the co-integration analysis through error correction mechanisms (ECM), significant long-run and short-run relationships between the variables are found, implying that the inflation rate has had an impact upon the Egyptian stock market performance generally.     

Hartz IV: The Solution to the Unemployment Problems in the Eurozone?

The Hartz IV reforms are consistently regarded as a successful German model for the reduction of structural unemployment. Is it therefore appropriate to advise other member states of the European monetary union to carry out similar reforms? This paper strongly disagrees, arguing that the reduction in unemployment in Germany since 2005 is mainly due to cyclical factors and to the petering out of the negative employment effects caused by the economic transformation after German unification.     

TOUCHROAD——The Road to Touch the World

Legendary Beginnings The birth of Touchroad Group can be traced back to May 17, 2000 when Mr, He Liehui, the founder of Touchroad, boarded on a flight towards Ghana, with small amount money of US$700 and his big dream of establishing a global company.[第一段]     

The CAP in the 2021–2027 MFF Negotiations

Pressure to embed environmental and climate action even more centrally into the CAP has also moved up the political agenda because of the EU’s commitment to action on the Paris Climate Agreement and the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).     

China - The end of the ＂V＂

July data suggests that the recovery continues but is losing some momentum, as expected Official policy stance remains unchanged, though fine-tuning, especially of monetary policy, is expected in the next few months Some weakness in some commodity imports is appearing