Decomposing the Effects of FDI on Guangdong＇s Economic Growth

Guangdong has been experiencing rapid economic growth, while this rapid growth was accompanied by a boom in inward foreign investment and the establishment of a direct link with the outside world. Using city-level panel data from 1996 to 2002, the four-year moving fixed effects FDI-led growth model empirically shows that Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan （HMT） investment will not continue to make up the bulk of FDI in Guangdong for long, and that its dominant influence on Guangdong＇s economic growth will be gradually replaced by other sources of investment in the near future due to various political and economical reasons.     

The Measure for the Management Innovation Performance of Industrial Enterprise of Sichuan Province

Both science and technology are the primary productive forces, and management is the second productivity. An industrial enterprise is an aorta of a country or a regional economic growth, while the level of its management innovation is directly influencing the economic growth rate of the country or the area. The management innovation performance of industrial enterprises mainly embodies the impetus to the country or the regional economic growth of management innovation. To measure the contribution proportion of management innovation to the industrial economic growth of Sichuan, the econometric model was set up by introducing management innovation as exogenous variable to Sichuan industrial economic growth model, and utilizing the relevant data of industrial economic growth of Sichuan, based on Solow＇s residual value method to calculate scientific and technological progress. The results, to some extent, can be used to offer some suggestions to manager＇s decision, and promote the sustainable, stable and well development of the industrial economy of Sichuan.     

The Base ＆ Model of East Asia Economic Integration

There are three basic models of economic cooperation, i.e. economic globalization, economic regionalization, and economic nationalization. But the standard of economic integration between economics in East Asia is very low. In fact, there are good bases in the aspects of trade and investment, and there will be a new ＂two towers＂ model after the ＂goose flying＂ model.     

Analysis on Supervision Model of CPA Industry

The paper discusses the question of the super＇vision model of Certified Public Accountant （here- after ＂CPA＂）. The authority is the character of government supervision model, but the advantages of the self- supervision model are flexibility and adaptability. Every country should choose the supervision model that is most adaptable to its environment, supervision model should go with the international tide, enhance the quality and efficiency of supervision and protect the public benefit, This paper concludes we should choose the public supervision model through the analysis of government supervision model and industrial self-discipline model and according to the situation of CPA in China, It is beneficial to accelerate the development of CPA professional market.     

Proposal and validity of Patent Value Appraisal Model ＂TJS-PVAM＂-- Development of ＂Science TQM＂ in the corporate strategy

This paper proposes ＂TJS-PVAM＂ （Total Job Quality Management System-Patent Value Appraisal Model） that contributes to corporate strategy by utilizing ＂Science TQM, New Quality Management Principle＂. Improvement of ＂patent value＂ signifies engineers＇ value creation at work （invention）. The author established a ＂high performance business model which raises patent quality＂. This model consists of several elements each for ＂inventive technique＂ and ＂patent right＂ in order to explain the indispensable elements of inventive technique and patent right for a strategic patent, and verified the validity of the model at major enterprises such as Toyota. Furthermore, standardization has been carried out in order to spread the effectiveness of ＂TJS-PVAM＂, and ＂A-PPM＂ software （Amasaka＇s Laboratory Patent Performance Model） has been created and its effectiveness has been investigated through trial application at major enterprises.     

Study on Grey Model GM （1, 1） Forecasting for Airport Passenger Throughput

Airport passenger throughput is the most important yield guideline in airports, but there is not yet an effective method to forecast it. Grey model （GM） method can meet the request of forecast due to its strengths of little original data needed and high precision. Exploring application of GM in the forecast of airport passenger throughput can promote the development of airport industry to a great extent, so as to increase its economic profit. This paper discusses the application of grey model GM （1, 1） and its improved model in the short-term airport passenger throughput forecasting. The method for processing the forecasting data of the ordinary and special weekly throughput is offered to ensure a higher precision of forecasting.     

China＇s Economy in 2007/2008： Coping with Problems of Runaway Growth

Fuelled by high domestic investment and rapid export expansion, China ＂s economy grew by ll.4 pereent in 2007, the highest increase since 1994 and the fifth eonseeutive year of double-digit growth. Such spectacular growth performance is unprecedented in the world＇s economic history. However, the Chinese Government is again worried about a possible ＂hard landing＂for the economy, as no economy can sustain very strong growth for extremely long period without overheating. Cracks in China ＂s economy are indeed emerging. The eonsumer priee index shot up to 6.9percent in November 2007, the highest level in a decade, with the annual inflation for 2007 rising to 4.S pereent, well above the government＇s ＂comfort level＂ of 3 percent. This prompted China＇s top leadership to declare that reducing economic overheating and curbing inflation would be the top poliey priorities for 2008. To contain such cost-push inflation, the government has to tackle its root causes, such as excessive liquidity, which is caused by the undervaluation of the renminbi, which in turn is attributable to China＇s chronic external and internal maeroeeonomie imbalances~ High growth is likely to continue in 2008, at around l O pereent, with inflation of S-6 pereent expected, despite the anticipated tighter maeroeeonomie control measures and the more troubled external economic environment （e.g. the expected US economic slowdown）. Regardless, China ＂s fundamental problems associated with runaway growth will largely remain. In addition, if the US economy slips into a serious recession, the Chinese economy will not be able to deeouple from it and escape unscathed.     

The effect of customer perceived value on B ＆ R loyalty model --An empirical study on China＇s commercial banks

Under the economic globalization trend and new domestic and international competitive environment, how to develop and upgrade the comprehensive strength and international competence, and how to promote marketization and internationalization have becomes the very focuses of China＇s commercial banks. Since the 1990s, the marketing paradigm of customer-orientation has replaced the product-orientation, therefore, perceived value, the variable from consumer＇s perception, begins to draw academic and financial fields＇ attention. However, few studies tended to analyze the relationship between perceived value, word-of-mouth communication intention, and satisfaction. Also, no study combined customer perceived value with the loyalty model of B ＆ R, thus the authors make a new attempt in this regard, and hope that the conclusion will provide useful reference for financial activities.     

Impact of Global Financial Crises on the Indonesian Economy： An Input-Output Analysis

The debt crisis in the European Union （EU） and the U.S. has significant potential impact on the economy of Indonesia. U.S. sub-prime mortgage crisis in 2008 has a strong impact on Indonesian economy, that Indonesia＇s gross domestic product （GDP） slowed down to below 5% during 2009. Until October 2012, Indonesia＇s export growth is starting to grow negatively on some sectors when the crises in the EU and the U.S. have started or overall grew by -6%. Although the slowdown does not occur in all sectors, the impact spreads to other sectors as the existence of industrial linkage among sectors. The objective of the study is to look at the impact on the sector level on various indicators such as GDP （value added） and employment. Input-output analysis will be used in the simulation. Indonesia input-output table of 2005 is applied as the data base. The simulation results show that if exports decline occurs in the U.S., the economic growth will be -0.20%. Meanwhile, if it occurs in the EU, the growth of GDP will be -0.24%. If some Asian countries face the fall of demand of Indonesian export, GDP growth declines by 0.61%. The fall of exports demand from some Asian countries, EU countries and the U.S. will cause the GDP growth by -1.06%. The crisis occurring in both the US and the EU has decreased export demand from those countries and region including some Asian countries. The impact to employment seemed to be minimal, only -0.47% of total labour force.     

Distribution according to technology： A new variable of Solow model

In the process of world economic integration nowadays, the contribution rate of knowledge centering on technology to the economic growth has risen to 80%-90% in some developed countries, and technology has become a core factor deciding the competitiveness of a country or a region. Whether the economy can inspire the technical worker or the owner of a technology will become a key factor to success or failure. The existence of distribution according to technology can fully mobilize enthusiasm of the owners of technical elements, optimize allocation of technical elements, and thereby enhance the competitiveness of an enterprise, a region, or a country. In the case of Solow model, non-reflection of technology progress and reflection of technology progress caused by distribution according to technology have enhanced both the growth rate of national income＇and the growth rate of national income per capita. As a new variable to correct Solow model, the existing of distribution according to technology has laid solid macro-economic theory basis for its own existing.     

Economic Policies for a Harmonious Society： A Symposium Editorial Introduction

China＇s remarkable economic growth has produced dramatic structtral and socioeconomic change. Economic growth has solved many problems but the accompanying changes in the economy and society have brought new problems to the fore. This has been recognized by China＇s Government in the recent emphasis that it has placed on the need to create a ＂harmonious society.＂ The new leadership will wish to devise new policies for the current challenges and those ahead.     

Role of Green Governance in Achieving Sustainable Urbanization in China

Since economic reforms began in 1978, China＇s urban population has increased by half a billion. Over the next 20years, cities will likely add another 300 million people through local population growth, migration and the integration of nearby rural areas, Cities account for the majority of resource use and pollution so achieving greener growth will depend on developing and implementing a more sustainable urbanization model. China＇s leaders have responded to these challenges with ambitious goals and comprehensive environmental laws and regulations. These have so far not significantly reduced the harm from air, water and soil pollution.＂ in large measure because China ＂s green governance does not match its green ambitions. Drawing on the World Bank ＇s work on green growth and a recent joint urbanization study by the Development Research Center of China＇s State Council and the Worm Bank, this paper reviews recent academic research on green governance in urban China and discusses its main implications in the context of emerging global green growth concepts.     

Empirical Analysis on Influencing Factors of Capital Structure ——The Case of China Real Estate Listed Companies

We choose 16 main financial indices reflecting the profitability, liquidity, velocity, growth, size, volatibility, collateral value of assets, and ＂tax shield effect＂ from the Annual Report （2000-2002） of 35 real estate listed companies in China. Then we extract six factors （as independent variables） from the index mentioned above Multi-regression was made between Asset-Liability Ratio and Ratio of Borrowed Capital to Assets （dependent variable） and six independent variables. It indicates that the velocity is significantly negatively related to the capital structure and the ＂tax shield effect＂ is positively related to the capital structure in some degree. The profitability, liquidity, growth, size, volatibility are almost not related to the capital structure.     

Viability and the Development of China’s Capital Markets

I. Some Facts about Chinas Capital MarketsThe official stock markets of Mainland China were set up in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectivelyin1990 and 1991. The original intent was to improve the reform of Chinas SOEs. Theoretically,it was held that absence of owner is the main problem of SOEs; after being listed, the smallshareholders who buy stocks with their own money will care about the value of their assets, sothey will actively supervise the listed enterprises managers and thus the gov…     

Reforming the Financial Health Care System： The Case of the Republic of Albania

The Albanian health care system is currently in a period of deep transformation as well as the country is reflecting the future reforms after the turbulent development of the most recent years. The admission of Albania among future members of the European Union requires also an innovation in the health care system in order to build a model more compliant with the European performance and standards. These innovations are required also in the managerial approach to the health care and in its financing system. The aim of this paper is to analyze the actual financing model of the Albanian health care sector while highlighting the possible future managerial development. First of all, this article presents a history review of the Albanian health-care system, analyzing the current governance model. The goal of this approach is to describe the starting point of the reform paths for the future policy makers. Afterwards the research underlines the transition from a financing model based on historical public expenditure to a system based on the performance as one of the main innovation in the managerial approach to the health care. The introduction of management thinking will then allow developing a cost-based financing model, an accounting system in the teaching hospital and, finally, a financing system able to pay for services provided by private health care entities. The article then offers also a contribution to policy makers in order to define the ＂paths＂ of the Albanian health care system in the next years.     

Resilient and Inclusive Prosperity within Planetary Boundaries

The current model of economic growth generated unprecedented increases in human wealth and prosperity during the 19th and 2Oth centuries. The main mechanisms have been the rapid pace of technological and social innovation, human capital accumulation, and the conversion of resources and natural capital into more valuable forms of produced capital. However, there is evidence emerging that this model may be approaching environmental limits and planetary boundaries, and that the conversion of natural capital needs to slow down rapidly and then be reversed Some commentators have asserted that in order for this to occur, we will need to stop growing altogether and, instead, seek prosperity without growth. Others argue that environmental concerns are low-priority luxuries to be contemplated once global growth has properly returned to levels observed prior to the 2008 financial crisis. A third group argues that there is no trade-off and, instead,, promotes green growth： the （politically appealing） idea is that we can simultaneously grow and address our environmental problems. This paper provides a critical perspective on this debate and suggests that asubstantial researc＇h agenda is required to come to grips with these challenges. One place to start is with the relevant metrics： measures of per-capitawealth, and, eventually, quantitative measures of prosperity, alongside a dashboard of other sustainability indicators. A public andpoliticalfocus on wealth （a stock）, and its annual changes, could realistically complement the current focus on market-based gross output as measured by GDP （a flow）. This could have important policy implications, but deeper changes to governance and business models will be required.     

Tax Rebate and Dividend Payout in Bangladesh

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of the introduction of 20% tax rebate in 2002 for certain firms on the dividend policy of firms potentially qualifying for this rebate in Bangladesh. A balanced panel data set of 63 non-financial firms of Bangladesh for 14 （1998-2011） years from the Dhaka stock exchange is used for this purpose Newey-West estimator is used to estimate a logit model and the specified model uses binary values of 0 and 1 to identify if it met the tax rebate threshold. The explanatory variables are finn size, log of market value to face value ratio and profitability. A dummy variable was used to separate the pre-rebate period （2003 and before） from post-rebate period （after 2003）. The dummy variable turned out to be insignificant indicating that introduction of the tax rebate had no impact on dividend policy of qualifying firms.     

The Budget System of Transnational Investment and its Measuring Model

This paper presents a budget system of transnational investment and its measuring model. In making a capital budget of a transnational corporation＇s direct investment to a foreign country, many economic and financial factors both of the home country and the host country have to be taken into consideration. We divide the budget system into four sub-systems： the original investment sub-system, the project＇s profit ＆ loss plan sub-system, the cash flow budget sub-system and the capital budget evaluation sub-system. In the sub-system of project＇s profit ＆ loss plan, we make four models in accordance with the project＇s process. They are the exchange rate forecast models, the sales forecast model; the cost forecast model and the profit ＆ loss plan model. We inspect the cash flow budget from two angles, i.e. from the parent company＇s angle and from the subsidiary＇s angle. Similarly we also evaluate the whole capital budget both from the project＇s and from the parent company＇s angle. Our research provides a complete measuring model of transnational investment budget system.     

Analysis on the internal mechanism forming the capital operation venture of nation-owned enterprises

According to the Capital of Karl Marx, capital aims at realizing the value maintenance and increment during the process of its cycle and turnover. Without the conditions of capital＇s cycle and turnover, it will break off. This will furthermore bring an obstacle to the value maintenance and increment of capital, which is the root of capital operation venture and is also the internal mechanism forming the capital operation venture of nation-owned enterprises.     

Statistical Model to Forecast the Bangladesh＇s GDP

This paper deals with developing a statistical model, which could accurately forecast Bangladesh＇s GDP. We use regressive analysis with explanatory variables, principal component and lagged variables with other explanatory variables. We find that in case of regression analysis using explanatory variables and principal component, semi logarithmic model and linear model give better results respectively and their forecasting ability is also acceptable. On an average regression analysis with lagged variables i.e. Lagged model is the most accurate model to forecast the Bangladesh＇s GDP, and this model also gives good forecasting performance.