IMF and economic reform in developing countries

In this paper we assess the IMF approach to economic reform in developing countries. The impact of IMF program participation on economic growth has been evaluated empirically in a cross-country literature, with little evidence of IMF programs having been successful. This suggests that a fresh approach is in order. However, the cross-country approach is unlikely to provide a sound basis for drawing clear conclusions, so we review IMF programs from a different perspective, involving a broader literature on development strategy. In particular, it is widely accepted that a common characteristic of IMF programs is a high degree of policy rigidity. This is in contrast with studies which hold that unleashing an economy's growth potential hinges on a set of well-targeted policy interventions aimed at removing country-specific binding constraints. The process of locating constraints that bind involves growth diagnostics and policy trialing. This approach maintains that not all distortions are equally important and, by extension, not all policy reforms. From this point of view, IMF programs based on a list of standard conditionalities will not accomplish much. But policy trialing is more relevant to actors and entities with a broader, and more microeconomic, focus such as national policymakers and the World Bank. It is in choices among competing projects and programs that trial and error is most likely to be necessary. Nevertheless, reforms of the IMF such as the “streamlining initiative” should start from a good understanding of the reasons for adherence to policy orthodoxy. We discuss underlying institutional and organizational reasons for policy rigidity and consider some suggested reforms.     

坚实脚印与灿烂前景--中国经济改革与发展的回顾及展望

改革与开放是中国经济的两大推进器。中国经济在新世纪的继续发展,递得依靠改革与开放的进一步深入,依靠发展思路上有新的创新。 新世纪改革的最大特点,就是渐进式改革已经纵深到体制内的攻坚。其核心是彻底解决滞后的国有企业的改革问题,使广大企业真正成为市场经济的自主主体。     

Integrating decomposition approaches for the analysis of temporal changes in economic structure: an application to Chicago's economy from 1980 to 2000

This paper presents an attempt to integrate two flow decomposition methods to analyse temporal changes in a region's economic structure. The two methods of structural analysis are push–pull decomposition analysis and structural Q-analysis. Push–pull analysis presents a quasi-optimization decomposition of a set of matrices with actual intersectoral economic flows into a weighted set of matrices, while structural Q-analysis provides a form in which the structure of these decomposed flows can be considered. The paper provides an expository application to Chicago's economic structure over the period of 1980 to 2000, to reveal a complementary perspective of hollowing-out the production process in the Chicago economy that was identified in previous studies.     

改革开放以来上海城乡建设发展的世纪跨越

改革开放以来的40年,上海城乡建设走出了“破陈出新”、“全面腾飞”、“建管并举”、“以人为本”的四大步,实现了伟大跨越。如今,这座有2400万常住人口的超大型现代化城市,即将率先跨入全面小康社会,正怀揣着建设卓越的全球城市的梦想,向着具有世界影响力的社会主义现代化国际大都市奋勇前进。     

持续推进体制改革和管理创新——燕山石化贯彻落实科学发展观综述之五

燕山石化成长在计划经济体制之下,在建设和发展的过程中,形成了大而全、小而全,相对封闭,自我配套的经营管理模式。随着市场经济体制的不断深化,企业办社会等问题和其它一些历史包袱愈显沉重,职工人数过多、工作效率低下、管理体制粗放等一系列深层次矛盾日益突出,成为阻碍     

掘金单身经济

一种新的经济形态——单身经济正在兴起。单身经济出现的原因是什么这种以"单身"为诉求点的商业模式及形态又将指向何方     

操作系统课程改革与探索

文中通过分析当前操作系统课程教学上存在的问题,指出要以学生为中心,合理安排教学内容,更新教学方法,并加强操作系统课程的实践教学,培养高素质的老师队伍,才能够保证操作系统课程教学质量。     

深化城乡规划编制改革与构建和谐城市

城乡规划编制需要研究城乡和谐、人与城市环境的和谐、城市内部各种利益群体的和谐.在我国城市快速发展过程中,面临着资源环境问题、城市外延扩张与质量提升不协调问题、城市社会问题等.通过在城乡规划编制中对这些城市问题的研究,使城乡规划成为构建和谐城市的重要手段和途径.     

浅析提高会计管理信息化水平的途径与措施

随着信息技术的迅猛发展,会计管理信息化已成为会计适应当今社会经济发展的必然趋势。文章探讨了会计管理信息化的内涵,指出应从宏观管理和微观经济两个层面推进信息化进程,并提出提高会计管理信息化的有效措施。     

城市设计制度创新的策略与途径

探讨了我国城市设计制度创新的必要性和矛盾性,从理论和实践两方面总结了1990年代以来我国城市设计领域涌现出的制度创新探索。立足我国的政治、社会、经济环境特点,剖析了我国城市设计制度创新的策略和进程,指出城市设计制度建设在我国不宜作一刀切的统一规定,而要走政府主导、渐进式、多样化、地方化的道路。     

Introduction to economic theory of bubbles

This is an introduction to the special section on the economic theory of bubbles.     

Structural vs. atheoretic approaches to econometrics

In this paper I attempt to lay out the sources of conflict between the so-called “structural” and “experimentalist” camps in econometrics. Critics of the structural approach often assert that it produces results that rely on too many assumptions to be credible, and that the experimentalist approach provides an alternative that relies on fewer assumptions. Here, I argue that this is a false dichotomy. All econometric work relies heavily on a priori assumptions. The main difference between structural and experimental (or “atheoretic”) approaches is not in the number of assumptions but the extent to which they are made explicit.     

中国城市化与经济增长的省际差异分析

采用聚类分析方法、相关分析方法和回归分析方法,对我国省际城市化水平与经济增长水平的差异进行定量分析,得出以下结论:总体来看,经济发展水平与城市化水平有着较密切的正相关关系;个别地区(如广东)的经济发展水平并不完全与城市化发展水平相适应,经济的发展是由其他因素促成的;天津的城市化水平已经接近极限,而北京和上海的城市化水平仍然有进一步发展的空间;对于落后地区来说,发展经济的重要性更重于狂热地进行城市化.     

积极开拓创新改进审计工作

一、树立“三种观念”,增强“三种意识” 面对新形势对审计工作的要求,山西省太原市晋源区审计局提出要以“三个代表”重要思想为指导,进一步解放思想,转变观念,开拓创新,积极引导审计人员树立“三种观念”,增强“三种意识”。 一是树立“一盘棋”观念,增强全面发展意识。审计机关要紧紧围绕经济建设和本级政府工作中心来     

Minimaximin results with applications to economic equilibrium

Abstract theorems are proved that can be used to establish the existence of a free disposal equilibrium in some infinite dimensional models of the economy. The results generalize those previously proved in that they apply to concave–convex functions rather than bilinear functions and excess demand correspondence dedicated to Professor Heinz König rather than excess demand functions.