保险精算方法在新型期权定价中的应用

本文利用公平保费原则和价格过程的实际概率测度-保险精算方法给出了欧式新型期权的定价公式,包括欧式双向期权、外汇期权以及可转换债券的定价.     

标的资产服从不对称跳扩散过程的期权VAR计算

期权因为涉及到对标的资产未来的价格预测，风险价值VAR的计算本质上是和标的资产的价格过程是联系在一起的，因此，标的资产的价格模型会影响到VAR的计算。本文在股票价格服从不对称跳扩散过程下给出欧式期权的VAR的计算方法。     

基于MATLAB的Black-Scholes-Merton欧式期权定价模型的计算研究

本文以Black-Scholes-Merton期权定价公式为研究对象,利用MATLAB的求导功能求得了Black-Scholes-Merton期权定价敏感性指标的计算公式.从MATLAB金融衍生产品工具箱中各个求解函数的M源文件的算法结构出发进行追源,发现了MATLAB金融衍生产品工具是基于Black-Scholes-Merton期权定价模型设计的,并指出了MATLAB金融衍生产品工具箱的默认计算对象是有红利支付的Black-Scho-les-Merton模型,而非红利为零的Black-Scholes模型.最后,在Notebook环境下调用金融衍生工具箱中相关命令编写了一个“Black-Scholes-Merton欧式期权定价模型及其敏感性指标通用计算模板”,成功实现了在Word中进行欧式期权价格及其敏感性指标的快捷计算.     

基于异质理念的欧式股票期权价格模型

著名的B-S期权定价方法以及随后的鞅方法等都秉承了经典经济学的代表性经济人分析范式,忽视了人的行为本身所具有的异质特征,导致了理论模型与实际相悖诸多疑难.本文充分考虑投资者的异质理念,引入能够代表不同投资者情绪的参数,给出个体对欧式无红利看涨和看跌期权价格的预期.理论和实证分析显示,对看涨期权,参数越小于零,投资者越乐观,他的预期价格越高;参数越大于零,投资者越悲观,他的预期价格越低;参数等于零, “理性”投资者的预期价格与B-S公式一致.由于个体的预期价格与市场价格不尽相同,通过比较两者,投资者可以决定是否参与交易或进入多/空头.这样由于投资者间异质理念的存在,形成了交易,解释了期权交易的存在.     

使用拟蒙特卡罗模拟的欧式看涨期权的定价

传统蒙特卡罗模拟使用伪随机数序列 ,而拟蒙特卡罗模拟采用的是完全确定的拟随机数序列 (又称低差异数序列 )进行模拟。本文对比了低差异序列与伪随机数序列的统计特点 ,应用两种模拟方法对欧式期权的价格进行了模拟计算。实验结果显示拟蒙特卡罗模拟在计算精度高于传统蒙特卡罗模拟 ,并且计算速度也更快     

B—S期权定价法在高新技术企业价值评估中的改进与测算过程

在明晰期权概念的基础上,揭示了期权内在价值和价格的性质。通过大量实证研究将B—S模型分别针对长、短期期权进行改进,主要涉及期权有效期和企业红利政策的影响,并说明了红利收益率y的确定过程和波动率σ的计算方法。在改进后给出了模型的实用案例分析和计算实现,使期权定价更为实用、简单和程序化。     

基于TSOPM模型的两状态期权定价

文章主要阐述了基本两状态期权定价模型(Two-State Option Pricing Model, TSOPM)。该模型在数学上是比较简单的,但能运用到很多复杂的期权定价问题中去。TSO PM没有使用随机微分方程的求解,而是从代数方法中得到结论。首先,文章给出模型的数学表达,并阐述其在简单形式期权定价问题中的运用;其次,讨论了模型的统计特征,说明了模型中的参数如何估计并运用于实际问题的求解;最后,将模型运用于无分红、有分红股票的欧式与美式看涨期权、看跌期权的定价问题。此外,文章还将模型运用于其他估值问题:一个含有息票支付债券的公司,对其股权和债券进行估值;债务证券的期权估值;固定利率银行贷款承诺的定价。在附注中,还运用两状态接近法推导了Black-Scholes公式。     

中国权证市场理论价格与实际价格差异分析

中国权证市场近年得到了快速发展,但仍存在诸多问题,如何进行合理的价值评估就是其中一个方面。Black—Scholes期权定价公式作为期权定价的经典方法,其有效性在发达国家已得到验证。本文通过比较中国权证市场上交易品种的理论价格和实际价格的差异,并分析相关的影响因素,来为中国权证市场的追一步完善提出自己的建议。     

美式看涨——看跌期权在支付红利情况下的价差估计式

在标的资产支付红利的情况下，欧式看涨一看跌期权平价公式已经问世，但由于美式期权可以在到期日之前的任何时刻实施，所以讨论美式期权在分红情况下的平价关系尤为复杂并且具有很强的应用价值。扩展了最初欧式看涨～看跌期权平价公式，给出了在支付红利情况下，美式看涨一看跌期权价差的估计范围，这个结论给美式期权的定价提供了理论范围，如果美式看涨期权和美式看跌期权定价的价差范围不满足St-Dt-K≤C^At-P^At≤St-Ke^-r（T-t），那么必然存在套利机会。     

平方根双币种权证之创新及定价

随着国际资本市场日趋一体化和我国已加入WTO，设计结构简单且具有较低权利金的双币种金融产品对于吸引国际投资者的兴趣，提高券商的核心竞争力至关重要。设计出所谓的平方根双币种欧式期权，用鞅定价方法求出其精确的定价公式，并用模拟的方法对平方根双币种欧式期权和Reiner(1992)的双币种欧式期权的避险功能进行比较。结论表明：与Reiner的双币种欧式期权相比，平方根权证具有降低权利金和易于避险的功能。     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。     

风险视角下企业治理结构和研发创新——基于委托代理模型的研究

本文基于委托代理模型,从风险的视角研究企业治理结构对研发创新能力的影响。本文构建了一个包含创新活动的委托代理模型进行理论分析,利用动态DEA 模型测算创新能力,并使用2015-2018年我国上市制造业企业数据进行实证检验。实证部分检验了理论结论:委托代理问题不利于企业提升研发创新能力,且客观风险和主观风险厌恶会加剧该负面影响。基于此,本文认为上市企业应根据企业自身研发活动特点有针对性地改善企业治理结构,提出了适当延长代理人任期、推动股权激励计划、提升代理人的风险承担能力等建议。     

生物群落结构原型的仿生学模拟

模拟生命系统管理规律的科学即管理仿生学,是知识时代仿生学研究的新领域与前沿.基于模拟生物群落结构规律的研究目的,采用仿生学模拟的研究方法,以生物群落结构为原型,建立了仿生群落结构模型.结论为:垂直结构、水平结构、时间结构与交错区结构是支持生物群落生命活动的结构规律,以该规律为原型,推理建立了仿生分层结构、仿生优化结构、仿生动态结构与仿生相邻结构,四种仿生结构分别侧重于管理资源的分层管理、局部优化管理、动态过程管理、相邻关系管理,该模型为建立类似生物群落的人造管理系统即仿生群落管理系统提供了仿生结构模型.可以预测,该模型具有广泛的应用价值,能够推动管理仿生学的发展.