中小企业正确实施ERP项目策略探讨

ERP是针对物质资源管理、人力资源管理、财务资源管理、信息资源管理集成一体化的企业管理软件。但是,由于ERP系统的投入成本高、实施周期长,很多企业特别是中小企业ERP的应用往往以失败告终。本文介绍ERP在我国引入及发展的历程,阐述了中小企业实施ERP项目的效益与风险,并就此对中小企业如何正确实施ERP项目提出了四条重要举措。     

浅析ERP系统在企业中的实施与运用

ERP系统是将先进的管理思想用信息化的平台表现出来，它在企业的实施过程不仅仅是信息化改造过程，更重要的是企业管理思想变革的过程。ERP的应用给企业带来的是管理上的规范化、标准化。作为一种科学的企业管理理念，ERP的实施对企业在计划、组织、管理、监控企业的生产经营活动等各个方面产生了重大的影响。本文详细论述了现代企业实施和运用ERP系统的必要性，分析了现代企业实施ERP系统存在的问题，并探讨了相应的解决对策。     

制造业ERP如何选择

在制造业企业实施ERP是一项复杂的系统工程。大型的ERP项目整个实施过程一般包括管理咨询、企业经营战略研究、企业组织结构重组、企业业务流程优化、实施ERP系统的设计、ERP产品选择、系统安装和测试、用户化修改、技术培训、系统评估等等一系列的步骤。大量实践表明,其中ERP软件产品的正确选择是制造业企业成功实施ERP系统、实现企业管理信息化的不可忽视的重要的环节。若ERP软件产品选择不当,不仅不能实现企业管理信息化的目的,而且还将浪费大量资金,最终给企业造成无法弥补的损失。形形色色的ERP软件产品(包括国内的和国外的…     

我国物流企业实施ERP的研究

在供应链一体化管理发展趋势下．ERP作为现代物流企业管理的重要手段，在物流企业中的运用越来越多．但是企业在实际实施ERP过程中存在着诸多问题。本文针对我国物流企业在新趋势下实施ERP过程中存在的问题进行了剖析，并提出相应的对策。     

制造业ERP实施难点分析

在信息技术高速发展的今天,越来越多的企业引进ERP(企业资源计划)系统进行企业资源的有效管理。相对于商业企业简单的进销存业务来说,制造业企业的生产管理的复杂特性,使得ERP系统在制造业企业中的应用更为迫切和重要,同时也意味着ERP系统在制造业企业的实施更为困难。文章就ERP系统在制造业企业实施过程中遇到的问题进行探讨并寻求解决方案。     

制造业ERP实施难点分析

在信息技术高速发展的今天,越来越多的企业引进ERP（企业资源计划）系统进行企业资源的有效管理。相对于商业企业简单的进销存业务来说,制造业企业的生产管理的复杂特性,使得ERP系统在制造业企业中的应用更为迫切和重要,同时也意味着ERP系统在制造业企业的实施更为困难。文章就ERP系统在制造业企业实施过程中遇到的问题进行探讨并寻求解决方案。     

电子商务环境下ERP在我国的应用

随着互联网的发展,电子商务已成为企业经营管理的重要基础。市场经济趋向国际化,企业必须加强在电子商务环境下ERP的实施与管理。本文主要从电子商务和ERP的关系入手,分析电子商务环境下对实施ERP的作用,提出在电子商务环境下ERP如何实施对策,最后叙述了我国电子商务环境下ERP的应用现状。     

从企业的角度看ERP实施

在市场竞争环境中,借助现代管理信息化手段ERP（企业资源管理计划）根治企业积弊,提升管理水平,已成为企业的共识。本文基于Oracle实施方法论,从企业作为ERP实施甲方的角度出发,提出了ERP实施全生命周期的应用步骤,并对影响ERP实施成败的关键因素进行分析,为更多企业实施ERP提供借鉴参考。     

适应军工企业的ERP实施方略

ERP是现代企业进行资源管理的重要工具,三十三所内部的资源流程管理以及产品生产要求具有国有研究所的个性。作者从适应军工企业生产的ERP实施总体规化入手,重点介绍三十三所实施ERP的步骤,详细阐述了企业实施过程中遇到的问题和解决方法。     

中小企业ERP实施成败的关键因素探讨

ERP系统的实施是企业管理变革的一项系统工程,因企业实施ERP过程中不可控因素比较多,所以实施ERP并获得成功的企业很少,本文分析了我国中小企业ERP实施失败的原因,同时探讨了我国中小企业ERP实施成功的关键因素。     

ERP环境下钢铁企业成本管理模式的探讨

我国许多钢铁企业开始应用ERP,但在成本管理的实施中却遇到很多问题。本文从ERP的概念谈起,进而阐述ERP系统中的成本管理思想,最后论述了我国钢铁企业成本管理如何与ERP系统有效整合。     

Thank you to Reviewers 2014

Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems, such as SAP, have become widely used in recent years, especially in large companies. Although a considerable amount has been written about them in the professional accounting and computing literature, somewhat surprisingly comparatively little attention has been given to them in accounting research journals. However, the field studies which are beginning to appear suggest that ERP systems are having only a relatively moderate impact on the character of management accounting and the work of management accountants. However, it is argued in this paper that as such studies adopt a relatively 'static' approach, they do not explore the processes of management accounting change or study how opportunities are opened up by the implementation of ERP systems. The paper reports a longitudinal case study of the implementation of SAP in the European division of a large US multinational, in which management accounting change is viewed as an evolutionary process. In this case, although there were no fundamental changes in the nature of the management accounting information used following the implementation of SAP, there were changes in the role of management accountants - in particular: (i) the elimination of routine jobs; (ii) line managers with accounting knowledge; (iii) more forward-looking information; and (iv) a wider role for the management accountants. However, it is not claimed that SAP was the driver of these changes; rather it is argued that the characteristics of SAP (specifically, its integration, standardization, routinization and centralization) opened up certain opportunities and facilitated changes which were already taking place within the company. The paper ends with a call for further longitudinal case studies of the implementation of ERP systems to study how these characteristics facilitate and reinforce processes of management accounting change in other companies.     

The Integration of Quality,Environmental and Health and Safety Management by Car Manufacturers – a Long‐Term Empirical Study

The diversity of stakeholder requirements is currently a pivotal challenge for companies. Stakeholders expect companies to increasingly consider environmental and social aspects in their decisions. Thus, corporate goal systems are including not only qualitative and financial goals, but also environmental and social ones. Management systems for ensuring quality, environmental and occupational safety play an important role in achieving these objectives. Considering the interdependency between the different systems constitutes a central challenge. Much of the literature and the results from empirical studies suggest that the spatial application of integrated management systems is state of the art. Integrated management systems in particular are regarded as more effective and more efficient than separate and distinct management systems. However, the present long‐term study demonstrates that for car manufacturers in Germany these integration efforts are implemented in very different ways, and that some integration approaches are partially abandoned after a period of unsatisfactory implementation. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

Do stakeholder groups influence environmental management system development in the Dutch agri‐food sector?

This paper presents the results of a survey that included 492 companies in the Dutch agri‐food sector with respect to the influence of stakeholder groups on the companies' level of environmental management system (EMS) implementation. It is concluded that primary stakeholders (government, clients) are more relevant for EMS development than secondary stakeholders (such as environmental organizations). The results suggest that small and medium‐sized companies are able to accommodate to demands with respect to the implementation of internally oriented care systems (I‐EMSs). I‐EMSs focus at the single firm or location. In general, they are predominantly influenced by governmental and other ‘non‐commercial’ stakeholder groups. For the implementation of externally oriented EMSs (E‐EMSs), which focus on the supply chain and network, qualitative rather than quantitative relationship characteristics between companies and the government are important. Moreover, commercial stakeholder groups (such as suppliers, clients and competitors) influence E‐EMS levels significantly. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.     

基于项目管理的ERP系统实施

为降低企业在ERP系统实施过程中的风险,文章从项目管理的角度对ERP系统的实施进行分析,围绕ERP系统实施的项目生命期从ERP系统项目准备、ERP系统项目评估以及ERP系统实施的3个步骤展开论述,阐明了基于项目管理的ERP系统实施的特点。     

A method for improving ERP implementation success by the principles and process of user-centred design

Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems are implemented to increase the productivity and operational efficiency of companies. However, the implementation activities and changes within operational processes pose a temporary threat to productivity. Reported difficulties in implementation projects frequently relate to organisational and human-centred issues; like the ability and motivation of the organisation to accept the new ERP system. User-centred design (UCD) is a multidisciplinary process that aims at improving human working conditions by early user involvement in the system design, e.g. user observation or usability testing. UCD was originally developed for the design of interactive computer systems. The underlying question for this research is how the principles and process of UCD can be applied to ensure the usability of an ERP system. This article presents: first, a literature review of ERP implementations; second, a literature review of UCD applications; third, a method to combine the UCD and ERP system implementation processes; and finally a discussion of the UCD approach for ERP implementation.     

Implementation of responsible Procurement Management: An Institutional Perspective

The role of the institutional context in the pattern of the implementation of responsible procurement management (RPM) has been object of very limited previous research, although it has been found that it affects the approach to both CSR and supply chain management. The article presents the results of an in‐depth comparative study drawing on 47 interviews with managers of 13 companies in Italy and Germany, which have been previously related to different national institutional settings. The analysis demonstrates that the perception of factors influencing RPM implementation differs between Italian and German companies, and suggests that the institutional context affects not only the overall CSR behavior of the company, but also its institutionalization into a specific function. Results show that the institutional context mainly determines the boundaries within which practitioners are able to operate, whereas the ability to effectively bring about changes in their activity mainly depends upon organizational environment. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

Risk assessment for enterprise resource planning (ERP) system implementations: a fault tree analysis approach

Enterprise resource planning (ERP) system implementations are often characterised with large capital outlay, long implementation duration, and high risk of failure. In order to avoid ERP implementation failure and realise the benefits of the system, sound risk management is the key. This paper proposes a probabilistic risk assessment approach for ERP system implementation projects based on fault tree analysis, which models the relationship between ERP system components and specific risk factors. Unlike traditional risk management approaches that have been mostly focused on meeting project budget and schedule objectives, the proposed approach intends to address the risks that may cause ERP system usage failure. The approach can be used to identify the root causes of ERP system implementation usage failure and quantify the impact of critical component failures or critical risk events in the implementation process.     

Determinants of environmental management systems standards implementation: evidence from Greek industry

This paper employs logistic regression analysis to test a model that predicts the implementation or non‐implementation of Environmental Management Systems Standards (EMSSs) by considering various factors as explanatory variables. The dependent variable is dichotomous: industrial firms either implementing or not implementing EMSSs. From past experience we identify 15 major variables contributing to implementation of EMSSs. A sample of 259 respondents (84 implementing and 175 not) is used to estimate the parameters of the logistic regression model employing maximum likelihood. The results show an overall significant model with four of the 15 variables significant. The significance of management perception of environmental issues on their decision to implement EMSS was confirmed with regards to their perception on win–win possibilities. Pressure on companies to improve their environmental performance does not result in higher uptake of the standards. Company image and size are important factors in its decision to implement EMSS. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. and ERP Environment     

Enterprise resource planning systems and its implications for operations function

Over the last decade, our world has changed dramatically due to the growing phenomenon of globalization and revolution in information technology. There is tremendous demand on companies to lower costs, enlarge product assortment, improve product quality, and provide reliable delivery dates through effective and efficient coordination of production and distribution activities. To achieve these conflicting goals, companies must constantly re-engineer or change their business practices and employ information systems.In 1990s, Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems have emerged as an enabling technology, which integrates various functional (operations, marketing, finance) information systems into a seamless suite of business applications across the company and thereby, allowed for streamlined processing of business data and cross-functional integration. Thus, ERP systems provide an enticing solution to managers who have struggles with incompatible information systems and inconsistent operations policies. However, successful implementation of ERP systems requires active participation from senior-level managers from various functional areas so as to delineate its impact on the business level as well as functional level strategies.In this paper, we have endeavored to provide operations managers a brief overview of ERP systems and highlight its implications for operations function. Specifically, the objective of this paper is to give a broad based overview of enterprise resource planning systems. Using SAP R/3 as an example system, we discuss how an ERP system can assist in enhancing strengthening business strategy and making consistent operations decisions: process design, production planning and scheduling, inventory management, quality management, human resource management.