多对变形双脊波导传输特性的分析研究

为了寻找最佳传输特性的多对变形脊波导结构,采用有限差分的方法,研究了多对双脊波导对传输特性的影响。并给出了变形对截止波长和单模带宽影响的相应的关系曲线,通过这些研究结果表明,能够对变形多对脊波导的应用和研究提供有价值的参考,并且将为脊波导器件的小型化提供了有力的指导。     

西安市空调冷负荷计算探讨

本文通过对西安市空调冷负荷量的分析,提出利用负荷频率法计算空调冷负荷的方法,并对绘制空调冷负荷延时图等有关问题进行了深入的分析与研究.     

光纤通信中色散补偿方案原理及特点

本文研究了光纤通信中的色散及几种主要色散补偿方案。对几种主要色散补偿方案的原理、特点进行了分析并作了比较。     

核电厂化容系统再生换热器换热性能研究

管壳式换热器作为核电厂最重要的热量传递设备,其传热特性复杂,传热特性受众多变量影响,以化容系统再生换热器为例,建立了主管壳式热换热器计算模型,利用Matlab软件编制计算程序,并与ASPEN软件进行了对比,计算结果表明该模型能够很好地预测换热器冷/热侧不同入口条件下换热器的管侧/壳侧出口温度、总体传热系数及热负荷。同时通过该模型还能够得到换热器总体传热系数和热负荷与换热器冷热侧流量的三维变化曲面图,该计算结果可以作为系统计算及事故分析计算软件中换热器模型的数据库,提高系统计算及事故分析计算的准确性。     

半封闭螺旋输送机运动量及几何参数确定

通过对半封闭螺旋输送机内单颗物料为研究对象进行分析,得出了输送散体物料过程中主要参数设计准则及其计算和校验公式,为半封闭螺旋输送机的工作参数和几何参数的选择和确定提供了方法,有助于半封闭螺旋输送机的设计和应用。     

直接空冷机组冷端传热特性研究

由于直接空冷机组在实际的运行过程中,夏季汽轮机在运行时背压较高,对直接空冷系统的安全经济运行带来较大的影响。本文针对接空冷机组冷端传热的特性,提出了冷端传热改进的方案,并对其安全经济性进行了分析。     

不同空调冷负荷计算方法比较与分析

本文采用谐波反应法和冷负荷系数法两种负荷计算方法,对合肥某空调工程的夏季冷负荷进行计算,同时采用概算指标法简要计算,并计算出该工程在其它城市下的总冷负荷,将所得结果进行分析比较,得出几点结论,供暖通空调设计人员以参考。     

蓄冷蓄热技术实施效果的实证分析

对保定市某单位冰蓄冷技术方案的用户成本效益进行了具体的计算,并分析了采用蓄冷技术给电力系统带来的效益,证实了蓄冷蓄热技术是实施电力DSM的有效手段之一。     

螺旋水冷壁安装方法浅析

锅炉螺旋水冷壁安装的关键工艺是克服螺旋水冷壁中心扭转和焊接变形问题：工艺特点是必须进行地面预组合，安装程序：左右水冷壁首先安装，找正固定：前后水冷壁组件以左右水为基准安装找正。冷灰斗水冷壁安装前前后冷灰斗水冷壁地面整体组合、吊装、就位。方案优点：提高了安装速度，保证了安装质量；确保了施工安全，节省了人工材料费用。安装方案经济、通用性强。     

螺旋水冷壁安装方法浅析

锅炉螺旋水冷壁安装的关键工艺是克服螺旋水冷壁中心扭转和焊接变形问题：工艺特点是必须进行地面预组合，安装程序：左右水冷壁首先安装，找正固定：前后水冷壁组件以左右水为基准安装找正。冷灰斗水冷壁安装前前后冷灰斗水冷壁地面整体组合、吊装、就位。方案优点：提高了安装速度，保证了安装质量；确保了施工安全，节省了人工材料费用。安装方案经济、通用性强。     

Employee reactions to pay dispersion: A typology of existing research

Pay dispersion has received growing attention in the management literature. Despite an increasing number of studies, research evidence on the effects of pay dispersion has not yet been consistent. The purpose of this paper is to review existing work and to provide a comprehensive theoretical framework that can advance pay dispersion research. Specifically, our framework suggests four unique types of pay dispersion and discusses three existing theories (equity theory, expectancy theory, and tournament theory) to integrate existing research from an employee reaction perspective in the pay dispersion area. We build upon this taxonomy and theoretical explication to suggest an agenda for future pay dispersion research.     

A new family of dispersive orderings

In this paper we introduce a new family of univariate dispersion orderings which, under mild conditions, includes the weakly dispersive ordering as a particular case. Different properties of the new class of dispersion orderings are analyzed. Some connections with other univariate dispersion orderings are stated. Finally an application of the new family of dispersion orders to the field of genetics is developed.     

Pay Dispersion and Organizational Performance in Korea: Curvilinearity and the Moderating Role of Congruence with Organizational Culture

This study examines the curvilinear relationship between pay dispersion and organizational performance. According to the pay dispersion literature, a large pay gap has benefits and drawbacks for organizational performance because employees can feel motivated or demotivated depending on the degree of pay dispersion. We investigate the possibility of nonlinearity in the context of these countervailing forces, and aim to uncover the condition under which the positive effect of high pay dispersion prevails. Our empirical analysis of data from 436 Korean cross-industry firms shows that pay dispersion and organizational performance have an inverted U-shaped relationship. Moreover, when a pay scheme matches current organizational culture, the positive relationship between pay dispersion and organizational performance is more pronounced. We discuss the implications for future compensation research and practice.     

Pay dispersion and the financial performance of the firm: evidence from Korea

Pay dispersion has been found in prior research to negatively affect both individual and workplace performance. In this study, we examine whether the relationship between horizontal pay dispersion and firm financial performance is curvilinear in nature, with moderate levels of dispersion leading to more positive outcomes than either low or high levels. Using data from a government-sponsored survey of Korean firms, we find support for the hypothesized curvilinear relationship between pay dispersion and firm financial performance. We further find that this curvilinear relationship is moderated by firm and human resource system characteristics. Where the firm had more incumbents in the rank being examined, where pay level was higher, and where there was greater organizational investment in performance evaluation and feedback, the positive slope (within the curvilinear relationship) inverted at a higher level of dispersion.     

Urban Agglomeration and Dispersion: A Synthesis of Alonso and Krugman

Urban agglomeration becomes increasingly important because of the globalization of world economies. This paper is a general equilibrium analysis of urban agglomeration economies due to product variety, and agglomeration diseconomies due to intra-city congestion in a two-city system framework. Special attention is paid to the impacts of transportation cost decrease on urban concentration and dispersion. Our main result is that dispersion necessarily takes place when the transportation cost is sufficiently low. We also conduct numerical calculations using specific parameter values, and depict a structural transition from dispersion to agglomeration, and then re-dispersion when the transportation costs decrease monotonically over time. Finally, we observe that dispersion is usually bad as compared to agglomeration, from a welfare point of view.     

The Interaction between a Most-Favored-Customer Clause and Price Dispersion: An Empirical Examination of the Medicaid Rebate Rules of 1990

This paper examines the effect of the MFC rules adopted by Medicaid on both price dispersion and price levels in the wholesale pharmaceutical market. Theory suggests that the regulations should reduce price dispersion and increase the average price for those products with a high initial level of price dispersion. Using data which can only measure some dimensions of price discrimination, I find that discrimination falls for products sold to hospitals, but not drugstores. Branded drugs facing generic competition have the most dispersion ex ante . Prices of these brands rise with dispersion at the implementation of the new rules. The last two results are consistent with Scott Morton (1997), where I look only at price changes due to the law. The results of this paper confirm that part of the mechanism of action for the price increase is the high level of price dispersion for some products combined with the MFC.     

Pay dispersion among the top management team and outside directors: Its impact on firm risk and firm performance

Two key groups central to improving firm performance are the top management team (TMT) and the board of directors. Executives undertake strategic actions, whereas board members fulfill their resource provision and monitoring roles. Drawing on tournament theory and equity theory, we propose that high pay dispersion among outside directors and the TMT is positively associated with strategic risk, whereas high (low) TMT pay dispersion and low (high) outside director pay dispersion are positively associated with firm performance. Our predictor is the unexplained component of horizontal pay dispersion, or the residual of pay dispersion resulting from regressing pay on observable firm, industry, period, and individual characteristics. Our results highlight the importance of unexplained pay dispersion for TMTs, but not for boards of directors, in improving firm performance.     

Within Occupation Wage Dispersion and the Task Content of Jobs

Most analyses linking task content of jobs to income inequality focus on the effects between occupations, e.g. the growing dispersion between lousy and lovely jobs. The theory, meanwhile, provides insights on links between task content of jobs and inequality also within occupations: models predict compression of wages in more routine jobs, that is those where capital is a direct substitute for labour, and an increase in dispersion in jobs where capital and labour are complements. I document that within occupations dispersion of wages is empirically relevant, as it represents around half of total wage inequality across Europe. I then link wage inequality to the task content of jobs. Using matched employee–employer data from Europe for the period 2002–14, I show that occupations where tasks complement newer technologies exhibit higher wage dispersion. This relationship is robust to adjusting for a variety of confounding and mitigating channels.     

地震波传播数值模拟中的频散校正补偿

波动方程有限差分法正演模拟对地震属性、资料地质解释、地震波传播规律、储层评价等研究均具有重要意义。波动理论正演方法是对建立的模型进行网格化的方法,根据波动方程近似,按时间步长迭代计算波场,获得正演波场模拟结果,但有限差分技术求解波动方程时会带来不必要的震动,即数值频散。文章探讨了引起数值频散的原因,并以高阶交错网格差分和通量校正传输(FCT)相结合的方法为基础消除数值频散。     

Dispersion in analysts’ target prices and stock returns

We propose the dispersion in analysts’ target prices as a new measure of disagreement among analysts and a proxy of ex ante stock risk. In contrast to the negative return predictability of analysts’ earnings forecast dispersion but consistent with the risk hypothesis, we document a significant positive relation between the target price dispersion and future stock returns up to 24 months. The next-month return spread between the highest and lowest deciles sorted on the target price dispersion measures can be over 2%. Our findings cannot be explained by the standard risk factors and stock characteristics including the target price revision. Further supporting the risk hypothesis, the target price dispersion is positively related to future stock risk.