全球经济变革中的产业转型与升级——基于第三次工业革命的研究视角

继第三次工业革命正式被英国《经济学人》提出,我国学者的研究也开始慢慢进入这一领域。早期的研究都只是限于第三次工业革命给制造业带来的影响,直到杰里米·里夫金把对第三次工业革命的研究范围拓展到能源方面,其研究开始逐步丰富。第三次工业革命使我国直接面对制造业双向流失、关键核心技术缺失等挑战,这一切直接倒逼我国产业必须快速完成产业转型与结构升级。     

The Siamese rice trade during the interwar years: Trade pattern,crisis and business survival

This article recounts the story of the Siamese rice trade during the interwar years. Many previous studies tend to focus on the Great Depression in 1929 and the decline in the Siamese rice trade. However, export statistics show that Siam continued to export large volumes of rice during this period. This article examines the Siamese rice export patterns and highlights how instrumental Western and Japanese firms were in determining the destinations to which the rice was shipped. It also explores business strategies in response to interwar market conditions that helped the Siamese rice trade survive.     

Market‐Supporting Institutions,Gild Organisations,and the Industrial Revolution: A Comparative View

This article investigates the conditions for the emergence of the agents of the Industrial Revolution by comparing the market‐supporting institutions in pre‐modern England and China. Market‐supporting institutions in pre‐modern England supported group mobility and expansion of laws, which permitted the forthcoming of new entrepreneurs critical for launching industrial ventures. By contrast, market‐supporting institutions in pre‐modern China, although supporting individual mobility, led to stable social stratification and stagnancy in law development, which did not provide appropriate conditions for the emergence of industrial entrepreneurs.     

新疆产业结构演进对劳动生产率增长的效应分析

本文从产业结构演进的角度对新疆劳动生产率的增长效应进行了分析。分析得出：第一,新疆产业结构演进效应对劳动生产率增长的整体贡献度偏低,且贡献趋势不显著。第二,新疆第二产业的结构演进效应较全国水平存在较大差距,第三产业结构演进效应略低于全国水平。基于此,本文认为应从增量调整的角度来考虑提升产业结构演进效应对新疆劳动生产率增长的贡献作用,使新疆劳动生产率的提升具有可持续性。     

FDI、对外贸易对中部经济增长影响的实证分析

本文利用中部地区1993年至2007年年度样本数据,应用协整理论及格兰杰因果关系检验等现代计量经济学方法,定量分析了FDI、对外贸易和经济增长之间的动态关系。结果表明,中部地区经济增长在短期内与对外贸易互为Granger原因,而外商直接投资在短期内与中部经济增长不构成Granger因果关系;经济增长对对外贸易的波动冲击表现出较大的正向效应,而FDI由于地区因素的影响,作用较小,同时方差分解也表明对外贸易在中部经济增长预测误差的方差贡献度中所占比重最大。     

The Swedish Salt Market during the Great Northern War

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to examine the effects of the great naval blockade on the Swedish salt market during the Great Northern War (1700–1721). Whether or not salt can be perceived as a strategic good subject of wartime shortage is important in interpreting the reasons behind the famous Swedish Navigation Act of 1724. New research claims that the Navigation Act was a welfare enhancing institution, as it helped to secure salt imports. This essay shows that although Sweden was at war with most European Great Powers and the subject of sea blockades during the Great Northern War, the salt market still worked remarkably well. Neither supply nor salt movements show any signs of a great crisis. Thus, there was no need to secure salt imports during the period of peace that followed. Consequently, the Swedish Navigation Act had little to do with welfare but more with rent seeking and monopolies on the freight market.     

Industrial Policy and Global Big Business Revolution: the Case of the Chinese Coal Industry1

China has actively implemented an industrial policy during the last two decades. However, despite important progress, the overall result is rather disappointing. Should China continue to pursue industrial policy? Should China focus instead on developing successful globally competitive firms within the global value chain? This paper, based on an in-depth case study on the Shenhua Group, which has been deliberately built as an indigenous globally competitive coal corporation, argues that it is still possible for China to build powerful big businesses in some sectors. However, a well-designed industrial policy is necessary.     

产业转移过程中西江产业带的可持续发展研究

在区域经济极化发展的进程中,部分产业在不同区域间从高梯度向低梯度进行转移。西江产业带区域间产业转移给流域带来了经济正效应和环境负效应。文章基于可持续发展的评估标准,提出保持产业的可持续发展应该进行区域政府合作,建设生态化的产业集群,运用公众参与机制进行监督管理,促进西江产业带的可持续发展。     

Impact of Tariffs on Industries and Prices in Finland during the Interwar Period

Abstract

While there has been some analysis of the role of tariffs in Finland during the interwar period, quantitative estimates of the benefits and drawbacks are quite rare. This article examines the impact of tariffs on industries value added and prices during the interwar period calculating the effective rate of protection as well as using an input-output price model. The basis for both calculations is an input-output table describing the Finnish economy in 1928. It is argued that the Finnish tariff policy was basically a contra-price-fall policy, directed merely towards agricultural and food products. The focus was on securing the domestic supply of food products. The results also suggest that tariffs did not provide sufficient protection to new industries – contradicting the infant industry argument repeated in some of the earlier studies.     

大规模定制对产业竞争力的影响

大规模定制是继大规模生产方式后,人类社会所面临的一种新的生产模式,大规模定制的出现对企业的核心竞争能力和企业所处的产业的整体发展都会产生很大的影响。本文在阐述生产模式演进规律和有关产业竞争力理论的基础上,分析大规模定制对产业竞争力的影响。     

略论土地革命时期毛泽东的根据地农业经济建设思想

毛泽东历来重视农村经济工作.土地革命时期,针对实际情况,提出了许多发展根据地农业经济建设的思想理论.这些思想理论,不仅为当时的农业经济建设指明了方向,为革命的胜利奠定了坚实的基础,而且对和平年代全国范围的农业经济建设也有着长远的指导作用.     

The impact of AFTA on intra-AFTA trade

ASEAN countries have liberalised intra-ASEAN trade over the last 20 years by establishing the ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA). This paper aims to examine the impact of trade liberalisation under AFTA on intra-ASEAN trade. By applying a gravity model, we find positive and significant trade creation effects from the tariff elimination for a wide range of products. In addition, the analysis reveals that the elasticity of tariff reduction on imports tends to be much larger than that on exports. Trade creation effects for the new ASEAN members are relatively small compared to those for the old members. Our results show that AFTA has been successful in promoting intra-AFTA trade, while we argue that further expansion may be achieved by increasing the use of AFTA and by reducing/removing non-tariff measures (NTMs) through such ways as improving customs procedures and harmonizing/mutually recognizing product standards.     

The choice of an invoicing currency in international trade and the balance of trade impact of currency depreciation

Cross-country differences in the choice of an invoicing currency in international trade is one reason for cross-country differences in estimated exchange rate coefficients in short-run balance of trade equations. If exports are invoiced in domestic currency while imports are invoiced in a foreign currency, a depreciation will increase the domestic currency value of outstanding import contracts, and may cause the balance of trade to fall in the short run. Countries with different invoicing patterns will have different effects on the short-run trade balance following a depreciation. We explore a simple theory of invoicing currency choice, drawing inferences regarding the likely choices for 14 countries. This allows a classification of countries according to the expected short-run balance of trade effect of a currency depreciation. Empirical estimates support the hypothesized groupings based on suggested currency invoicing patterns.     

辛亥革命前后关于国家政体的选择及其启示

辛亥革命值得纪念和追忆,这一段历史注定要在中国政治制度建设和政治现代化建设史上留下许多有价值的经验和教训,认真、客观总结和评价这一在中国民主进程中有着特别重要意义的历史阶段,对于我们建设有中国特色的民主政治是大有帮助的。辛亥革命后对国家政体的选择以《中华民国临时约法》为标志,共和代议政体正式确立。尽管共和代议政体运行并不理想,但建立了一个各种政治势力角力的平台,这是一个历史性的进步。这一段历史给我们以深刻启示：一是政治统治要具备政治合法性形式要件;二是政治改革进程中要创造和培育有利于推行宪政的社会环境,民众是社会进步的积极力量;三是宪政文化宣传和普及是一个长期的历史过程。     

唐山市产业结构优化问题的研究

唐山市作为资源型城市,拥有资源要素的比较优势,但是随着资源的枯竭,进行产业结构优化是唐山市不得不面临的一个迫切问题。本文参考产业结构优化的相关理论,并结合唐山市具体情况,分析了唐山市产业结构的特征,提出了产业结构优化的思路,同时指出优化过程中应注意的问题。     

The Impact of COVID-19 on Chinese trade and production: An empirical analysis of processing trade with Japan and the US

The COVID-19 pandemic severely disrupted international trade, leading countries to grapple with product shortages and firms to experience major supply chain issues. These challenges increased production costs and significantly contributed to lower trade and higher inflation. In this paper, we examine the impact of COVID-19 on Chinese trade through its two main trading partners: Japan and the US. By differentiating products by product type and processing status, we find evidence that products in the middle of the global supply chain were most affected by the pandemic and that the severity of the shock depends on the partner country’s role in the global supply chain. Additionally, we find that Chinese exports are more impacted than Chinese imports, regardless of processing status. These findings are largely consistent with economic theory. Understanding that the effects of global shocks vary by product and country will help guide policies that minimize supply chain disruptions.     

跨国公司内部贸易的思考

跨国公司内部贸易已越来越受到人们的关注 ,因为它已经成为国际贸易的一个重要组成部分。对内部贸易的理论基础 ,原因及格局的分析有助于我们对这一现象作更深入的了解。     

跨国公司内部贸易的思考

跨国公司内部贸易已越来越受到人们的关注,因为它已经成为国际贸易的一个重要组成部分。对内部贸易的理论基础,原因及格局的分析有助于我们对这一现象作更深入的了解。     

循环经济对我国对外贸易的影响

在经济全球化的发展过程中,关税壁垒作用日趋削弱,包括"绿色壁垒"在内的非关税壁垒日益凸显.这些非关税壁垒,对中国发展对外贸易,特别是扩大出口产生了很大的影响.面对日益严峻的非关税壁垒,中国要高度重视,积极应对,尤其是要全面推进清洁生产,大力发展循环经济,逐步使中国产品符合资源、环保等方面的国际标准.