双复合Poisson风险模型下的破产概率

本文在经典复合Poisson风险模型的基础之上,将该模型推广到更为一般的情况,建立双复合Poisson风险模型,其中的保费收入在单位时间内不再是一个常数,而是一个随机变量,对此模型,推导了最终破产概率的一般表达式和破产概率上界的一个估计值。     

双复合Poisson风险模型下的破产概率

本文在经典复合Poisson风险模型的基础之上,将该模型推广到更为一般的情况,建立双复合Poisson风险模型,其中的保费收入在单位时间内不再是一个常数,而是一个随机变量,对此模型,推导了最终破产概率的一般表达式和破产概率上界的一个估计值.     

我国寿险保费收入影响因素的研究

本文通过对我国保险公司保费收入的影响因素进行深入分析,得出增加我国保险公司保费收入的建议,对我国保险公司的进一步发展提供有力的支持。     

投保过程为Poisson过程的一类保险精算模型研究

在传统保险产品定价方法研究基础上,以随机利率为研究前提,对保险公司在一段时间内的投保过程服从Poisson过程的保费收支情况进行了分析,分别讨论了保险公司收入和支出的精算现值,得到保险公司在一段时间内的保费计算模型。     

保费收入确认和计量问题的研究

一、保费收入的定义和内涵保费收入是保险公司为履行保险合同而向投保人收取的对价收入。其内涵主要有两个方面, 一方面:保费收入是投保人将风险转嫁给保险公司所需支付的对价,也是保险大数法则中投保人为形成共同风险保障而分摊的资金;另一方面:保费收入是保险公司最主要的收入来源是支付投保人、被保险人和受益人赔款与给付的最主要资金来源,也是保险公司投资收入的本金。     

保险公司承保自有财产会计处理的问题及建议

保险费是保险公司的主要收入来源,保费收入的概念主要是指保险公司为履行保险合同约定的义务而向投保人收取的对价收入。保费收入是投保人为被保险人享受保险合同权利而承担的义务,也是保险人履行保险责任最重要的资金来源。保费收入确认准确性对保险公司核算的影响重大,因此对现行财产保险公司承保自有资产会计处理的合理性提出疑问并提出建议。     

保险公司承保自有财产会计处理的问题及建议

保险费是保险公司的主要收入来源,保费收入的概念主要是指保险公司为履行保险合同约定的义务而向投保人收取的对价收入。保费收入是投保人为被保险人享受保险合同权利而承担的义务,也是保险人履行保险责任最重要的资金来源。保费收入确认准确性对保险公司核算的影响重大,因此对现行财产保险公司承保自有资产会计处理的合理性提出疑问并提出建议。     

我国保险企业保费收入确认与计量方法改革探讨

保费收入是保险公司为履行保险合同所规定的赔偿或给付保险金义务而向投保人收取的费用,是保险公司建立补偿基金的来源。保费收入的多少,反映了保险公司业务承保能力的高低和承担责任的大小, 也影响到营业税的计缴。因此,如何及时组织确认和计量保费收入,对准确反映保险公司偿付能力和经营成果、提高经济效益,有非常重要的意义。     

基于RAROC的保险基金投资策略研究

本文针对当前典型的保险基金投资策略模型的不足,结合当前金融风险管理和金融监管的主流方法,建立了同时考虑保费收取与赔付支出、破产概率、VaR限额的RAROC最大化模型,得到了最优的投资策略.在此基础上进行案例分析,讨论了索赔强度、保费收取率、个体赔付额度等因素的变化对该策略的影响.研究发现,保险公司必须根据承保状况及时调...     

浅析我国保险业税收的有关问题

一、现行税制对保险业的影响1.现行税制时保险业的行业特殊性考虑不足,税基不合理,税率较重,增加了保险业的负担。(1)保险业不同于其他商业企业,保险公司的营业收入主要为保费收入,而保险公司的保费收入并不是真正意义上的收入,而是负债,且负债金额,即承保金额是保费收入的几百倍或几千倍。以此为税基征收营业税,在某种程度上加重了保险公司的负担。(2)保险公司营业收入中包含应收保费部分,而由于保险市场主体增多,市场竞争激烈,应收保费,尤其是财产保险及一年期人身保险业务的应收保费,往往挂账一段时间后冲销,而以这根本未见到钱的应收保费作为营业税税基的一部分,似     

Bayesian Premium Rating with Latent Structure

We propose a fully Bayesian approach to non-life risk premium rating, based on hierarchical models with latent variables for both claim frequency and claim size. Inference is based on the joint posterior distribution and is performed by Markov Chain Monte Carlo. Rather than plug-in point estimates of all unknown parameters, we take into account all sources of uncertainty simultaneously when the model is used to predict claims and estimate risk premiums. Several models are fitted to both a simulated dataset and a small portfolio regarding theft from cars. We show that interaction among latent variables can improve predictions significantly. We also investigate when interaction is not necessary. We compare our results with those obtained under a standard generalized linear model and show through numerical simulation that geographically located and spatially interacting latent variables can successfully compensate for missing covariates. However, when applied to the real portfolio data, the proposed models are not better than standard models due to the lack of spatial structure in the data.     

The development of the group accounts disclosure system in Japan

The Japanese disclosure system of consolidated statements was introduced in 1977 and extensively revised in 1997. The role of the bureaucracy has been significant in these developments and seems to be part of Japan's closed culture. However, other explanations could also be applied. In particular, although Japanese firms opposed such disclosures on the basis of preparation costs, the Japanese government had to modernize the disclosure system, including consolidation, in order to develop the securities market regardless of an individual company's interests.     

Moments of Compound Mixed Poisson Distributions

Recursive formulae are derived for the evaluation of the moments and the descending factorial moments about a point n of mixed Poisson and compound mixed Poisson distributions, in the case where the derivative of the logarithm of the mixing density can be written as a ratio of polynomials. As byproduct, we also obtain recursive formulae for the evaluation of the moments about the origin, central moments, descending and ascending factorial moments of these distributions. Examples are also presented for a number of mixing densities.     

The designing of corporate accounting law in Japan after the Second World War

After the Second World War, during the neutralization of the controlled economy of wartime Japan, a design for a Corporate Accounting Law was elaborated by the Investigation Committee on the Business Accounting System. The Investigation Committee tried to establish not only new business accounting standards but also a central and independent administrative organ of corporate accounting regulation on the basis of the Corporate Accounting Law. The Corporate Accounting Law was expected to lay the legal foundation of the new corporate accounting regulation regime in Japan. Nevertheless, even though the original design of the fundamental accounting law was never realized, it should be considered the starting point for our understanding of external accounting history in post-war Japan.     

The deliberation around accounting techniques: accounting for depreciation and foreign exchange in an Indian jute company, 1870-1900

This paper examines the way two accounting techniques, namely depreciation and foreign exchange, were deliberated on, between 1870 and 1900, in an Indian jute company whose shareholders resided in the UK. The arena for these deliberations was the conflictual relationship between controlling and non-controlling shareholders as to how best to account for depreciation and foreign exchange especially when the particular accountings affected distributional issues such as the dividend decision. The purpose of this paper is to analyse and explain the processes by which a company's accounting practices emerge and develop as a contest between different interests. Accounting framed the parameters of the deliberations and provided the language of power and dissent. The paper uses a rich archive that includes narrative and accounting material.     

Pricing Dynamic Insurance Risks Using the Principle of Equivalent Utility

We introduce an expected utility approach to price insurance risks in a dynamic financial market setting. The valuation method is based on comparing the maximal expected utility functions with and without incorporating the insurance product, as in the classical principle of equivalent utility. The pricing mechanism relies heavily on risk preferences and yields two reservation prices - one each for the underwriter and buyer of the contract. The framework is rather general and applies to a number of applications that we extensively analyze.     

Guidelines for Manuscripts Submitted to The China Journal of Accounting Research

正The China Journal of Accounting Research"CJAR"(ISSN 1755-3091)publishes quarterly.It contains peer-reviewed articles and commentaries on accounting,auditing and corporate governance issues that relate to the greater China region.We welcome the submission of both theoretical and empirical research papers pertinent to researchers,regulators and practitioners.Authors should note:1 Submissions must be original     

International harmonization of Japanese accounting standards

Historically, Japanese accounting standards have been quite distinct from International Accounting Standards (IASs) which have been perceived as being modelled on British-American accounting standards. However, in the 1990s, after the publication of E32 in 1989 and the IASC-IOSCO Agreement in 1995, the Business Accounting Deliberation Committee (BADC), the standards-setting body in Japan, has pursued a policy of harmonization with IASs. Accounting standards relating to consolidated financial statements of companies that make cross-border offerings of securities or operate worldwide are being revised drastically. This paper focuses on the development of international accounting harmonization and its impact on Japan.     

Commodity financialization and sector ETFs: Evidence from crude oil futures

We investigate the diversification benefits of energy assets in the setting of commodity financialization using data on crude oil futures and Sector ETFs (SPDRs). Correlations between commodities and financial assets increased during the post-Commodity Futures Modernization Act (CFMA)/commodity bull cycle period, resulting in lower benefits of diversification. However, we find that conditional correlations between crude oil futures and sector ETFs meaningfully increased only since the 2008–09 financial crisis. The results therefore suggest that the financial crisis, rather than CFMA regulation, explains changes in the diversification benefits of commodities. Moreover, we find that oil futures returns are less correlated with SPDRs than with the S&P index. Thus, energy futures, and crude oil in particular, offer the potential for diversification benefits in sector-style investing.     

Dutch accounting in Japan 1609-1850: isolation or observation?

The trading station or factory maintained by the Dutch East India Company (VOC) was Japan's sole window on the Western world during most of the Tokugawa period (1600-1868). While many aspects of the factory's role in Dutch/Japanese cultural exchange have been researched little is known in the West of the accounting at the factory. This paper considers the possibility that double-entry bookkeeping employed by the Dutch may have been diffused to the Japanese. The available evidence is synthesized after considering the accounting system in the Dutch factory.