The transition economic of central and eastern Europe: A political,economic, social and technological analysis

From 1945 to early 1989, Eastern Europe was a commercial “black hole” for Western businesses. The region's centrally-planned economies and stateowned businesses kept Western investors at bay. As the economies of Eastern Europe make the transition to capitalism, major new markets are opening with attractive long-term growth prospects for the West. But the picture is not all rosy: political, economic, social and technological factors such as inflation, high debt, low productivity and fear of change threaten the stability of the region. Healey identifies the consumer electronics and service sectors as having the highest growth potential for Western businesses and recommends joint ventures to best tap these markets.     

The economic and political arguments for and against social clauses

The globalisation of markets is calling national employment and social legislation increasingly into question, so that not only the international trade union organisations but also the Clinton Administration are calling for workers' rights to be embodied in trade agreements. This article deals both with the fundamental question whether international labour standards serve a useful purpose and the more specific question whether trade agreements are a suitable way of enforcing minimum standards.     

The determinants of international migration: Unbundling the role of economic,political and social institutions

International migrants may relocate because of economic, political and social factors in their origin or destination countries. Using global bilateral migration flows from 103 countries over the period 1990–2000, we explore whether emigrants self-select based on economic, political and social institutions. Our study adds social dimension as a potential determinant of migration and separates the pull and push effects of political, economic and social institutions. Our results indicate that economic, political and social institutions are significant pull factors of migration; economic freedom has the most substantial pull effect followed by the political institutions; social institutions have the weakest pull effect on migration. Moreover, economic and social institutions are significant push factors of migration, while political institutions do not show any push effect. Furthermore, educated migrants are more sensitive to the destination economic, political and social institutions than less-educated migrants, and less-educated migrants are more sensitive to the social institutions at the origin.     

The economic system and economic development

An increasing number of voices have recently been claiming that an economic system based more strongly on the market should be introduced in Third World countries for reasons of efficiency. What conditions need to be met in the developing countries for this to be possible? What specific measures should be taken?     

浅谈政治发展与市场经济

随着我国民主政治制度改革的不断深入,市场经济体制的不断完善,社会结构及社会关系也在不断的发生变化,政治制度体制的发展也日益迅速,市场经济从各个方面极大地促进了政治文明的发展.作者详细阐述了我国市场经济与政治发展之间相互依存相互作用的关系.     

浅谈政治发展与市场经济

随着我国民主政治制度改革的不断深入,市场经济体制的不断完善,社会结构及社会关系也在不断的发生变化,政治制度体制的发展也日益迅速,市场经济从各个方面极大地促进了政治文明的发展.作者详细阐述了我国市场经济与政治发展之间相互依存相互作用的关系.     

让统计工作服务社会经济发展

随着经济的发展,企业之间的竞争也日益激烈,统计工作的作用也愈加的明显.在市场经济的大背景下,只有充分认识到统计工作的重要性,充分发挥统计工作对社会和经济发展所起的积极作用,才能促进企业的发展,使社会和经济步入一个新的台阶.     

The effect of trade and political institutions on economic institutions

This study examines the relationship between trade and the quality of economic institutions under different political institutions. It uses panel data of 138 countries from 1984 to 2010 and employs instrumental variables and identification through heteroscedasticity to mitigate the problem of endogeneity. The findings suggest that the effect of trade on economic institutions reduces significantly in the presence of extractive political institutions. The findings indicate that ‘trade’ is not a sufficient tool for improving economic institutions; rather, trade policies need to be embedded in distinct political institutions to trigger the substantive improvement of economic institutions.     

国资委研究局副局长楚序平：企业履行社会责任 推动经济发展方式转变

企业履行社会责任最重要的是要回应利益相关方的关切,各个利益相关方在不同时期有不同的期望和关注。就当前来讲,我国社会各界最期望企业履行社会责任的重要议题是“转变经济发展方式,实现可持续发展”。在经济复苏的过程中,我们必须以应对国际金融危机为契机,加快经济发展方式的转变,解决经济发展中存在的深层次结构性问题。     

The economic and social impact of telecommunications output

Economists, management researchers and sociologists have all examined the impact of the spread of information and communication technologies. There has until now, however, been relatively little interconnectivity and cross-fertilisation of their fi ndings. The following paper attempts to derive a set of integrated “causality frameworks” and tests the resulting hypotheses using data for Spain.     

推进我省城乡经济社会发展一体化的对策

改革开放三十年来,我国经济社会发展取得了举世瞩目的伟大成就,城乡发展日新月异,人民生活水平日益提高.但由于历史、体制、观念等诸多方面的原因,城乡差距过大等问题日益突出,成为制约我国经济社会发展的瓶颈.     

Entrepreneurship,economic development and institutions

This paper is an introduction to the special issue from the 3rd Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Research Conference held in Washington, D.C., in 2008. The paper has three objectives. First, to discuss the importance of the three stages of economic development, the factor-driven stage, the efficiency-driven stage and the innovation-driven stage. Second, to examine the empirical evidence on the relationship between stages of economic development and entrepreneurship. Third, to present a summary of the papers in the context of the theory.

Non-profit organizations,entrepreneurship, social capital and economic growth

Traditional economic growth literature focuses mainly on the neoclassical approach. According to this view, firms try to maximize their benefits so that there is no place for non-profit organizations (NPOs). However, the activity of NPOs has a higher relevance in society, and it is necessary to analyze its effects on economic growth. These effects are not direct, but occur through other variables that directly promote economic growth, such as entrepreneurship activity and human capital, and through the improvement of education. We engage in an empirical analysis of these issues using data from 11 countries.     

The simultaneous evolution of economic growth,financial development,and trade openness

This article empirically investigates the interactions among economic growth, financial development, and trade openness through simultaneous equation systems. The identification and estimation of the systems rely on the methodology of identification through heteroskedasticity. The empirical results show that each of the three variables interacts in important ways. When controlling for the reverse causation, trade promotes economic growth in high-income, low-inflation, and nonagricultural countries but has a negative impact on growth in countries with the opposite attributes. Similarly, when accounting for the feedbacks from growth, banks and stock markets have different impacts on economic growth. While banking development is detrimental to output growth, stock market development is more favorable to growth in high-income, low-inflation, and nonagricultural countries. The data also reveal coexistence of a positive effect of financial development on trade and a negative effect of trade on financial development in poorer countries. In richer countries, financial development stimulates trade openness whereas trade has an ambiguous impact on financial development.     

论阶层分化对我国政治发展的挑战与对策

自改革开放以来,我国的社会阶层发生了前所未有的分化,使政治发展面临着政治参与的压力、政治资源的流失、利益整合和政治稳定的挑战。应构建合理的社会阶层结构,合理定位各阶层地位,建立健全各阶层利益表达机制,加强和改善党的领导,以适应社会阶层分化的趋势,促进政治的发展。     

Fertility,intergenerational transfers and economic development

This paper develops a model of endogenous growth where agents are altruistic and value both the utilities of their parent and of their children. Individuals endogenously choose the number of their children, and arbitrate between financing education, leaving them some bequest and offering some gift to their parents. We establish the existence of three types of long run regime. Starting from a low level of human capital, an economy converges towards a stationary state associated with a constant output per worker, a high level of fertility and ascendant transfers. If the initial level of human capital is not too low, another stationary state jointly exists with a lower level of fertility and no transfer. Finally, starting from a high level of human capital, the economy experiences a steady growth of output per worker associated with a low fertility level and descendant transfers. We then assume that an economy is initially in the stationary underdevelopment regime with ascendant transfers, and we study the power of different policies to push the economy toward the growth regime. We successively consider a fertility control policy, an education subsidies policy, and the introduction of a pension system for the elderly.     

社会资本的政治稳定功能分析

社会资本具有维护政治稳定的作用。社会资本通过其广泛的政治参与功能、社会支持功能、规范功能和效率功能等维护政治稳定。加强公民政治参与网络建设,强化公民与政府之间的信任关系,以及充分发挥规范社会资本的约束作用,为维护政治稳定创造条件。     

Free trade,protection and economic development

Central to the following discussion is the assertion that a foreign trade policy which maximizes the static efficiency gains from trade may result in reduced dynamic or X-efficiency and thus impair a developing country’s development potential. The dominant view of the relation between international specialization and economic development is summarized. An alternative line of argument is presented in outline. Finally, the implications for development policy are sketched.     

Beyond the crisis: the social economy, prop of a new model of sustainable economic development

This article analyzes the social economy (SE) as a third major sector between the public economy and the capitalist private economy. It examines the SE concept, compares it with the nonprofit sector and analyzes its microeconomic foundations, functions in the economic system and implications for economic policy. The field of economic analysis needs to be broadened, abandoning the mainstream monism that emphasizes the study of capitalist private enterprises and taking a plural view of the economy. In this approach, other forms of business organization, particularly SE enterprises, become a priority for analysis, opening up new scientific, social and economic vistas.