虚拟企业:供应链管理的目标

分析了Internet在供应链管理中的作用,并提出了虚拟企业这种供应链的组织和管理模式,指出实现供应链虚拟企业的方法和目的——敏捷供应链管理。     

How do supply chain management and information systems practices influence operational performance? Evidence from emerging country SMEs

This study first provides a comparative analysis of the impact of supply chain management (SCM) and information systems (IS) practices on operational performance (OPER) of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) operating in two neighbouring emerging country markets of Turkey and Bulgaria. Then, we investigate moderating effects of both SCM–IS-linked enablers and inhibitors on the links between SCM and IS practices and OPER of SMEs. To this end, we first empirically identify the underlying dimensions of SCM and IS practices, and SCM–IS-related enabling and inhibiting factors. Second, a series of regression analyses are undertaken to estimate the impact of the study's constructs on OPER of SMEs. The results are discussed comparatively within the contexts of both Turkish and Bulgarian SMEs and beyond. The study makes a significant contribution to the extant literature through obtaining and analysing cross-national survey data of SCM and IS practices in emerging country markets.     

Using integrated information systems in supply chain management

The aim of this paper is to empirically test not only the direct effects of information and communication technology (ICT) capabilities and integrated information systems (IS) on firm performance, but also the moderating role of IS integration along the supply chain in the relationship between ICT external and capabilities and business performance. Data collected from 102 large Iberian firms from Spain and Portugal are used to test the research model. The hierarchical multiple regression analysis is employed to test the direct effects and the moderating relationships proposed. Results show that external and internal ICT capabilities are important drivers of firm performance, while merely having integrated IS do not lead to better firm performance. In addition, a moderating effect of IS integration in the relationship between ICT capabilities and business performance is found, although this integration only contributes to firm performance when it is directed to connect with suppliers or customers rather than when integrating the whole supply chain.     

Barriers to supply chain information integration: SMEs adrift of eLands

The literature extols the potential benefits of supply chain integration and the crucial role of integrated eBusiness to deliver those benefits. However, adoption of eBusiness in supply chains has been slower than expected, particularly in small to medium sized enterprises (SMEs). This paper reports findings of a longitudinal study of four supply chains in different sectors over a 4-year period. Specifically it examines the barriers to adoption of eBusiness technologies and therefore to achievement of integrated information in supply chains. Differences between firms in supply chains and between supply chains are examined. The study reveals disparity between existing and planned use of eBusiness by larger downstream firms compared to upstream SMEs. The SMEs are cautious, only planning to invest in eBusiness if dominant downstream customers force them; however, they do not appreciate the full benefits to be gained from eBusiness adoption. The downstream larger businesses are forging ahead with eBusiness in ‘eIsolation’ and are not providing supply chain leadership. They are creating eLands with SMEs adrift of them.     

Drivers and outcomes of open-standard interorganizational information systems assimilation in high-technology supply chains

In recent years, firms in high-technology supply chains have established internet-based electronic linkages with their trading partners. As a result, they have improved their ability to coordinate and synchronize shared business processes by using more complete, accurate, and timely information. These electronic linkages are based on open-standard interorganizational information systems (OSIOS), which are fundamentally different from traditional electronic data interchanges. OSIOS capture not only the technical specifications for data interchange but also the sequential steps for the execution of shared business processes. Because OSIOS are still at an early diffusion stage, it remains unclear why firms would assimilate such an innovation and whether assimilation provides firms any benefits. In this research, we develop a framework grounded on the economics of standards, institutional theory, and strategic interorganizational information systems literatures to investigate the drivers and outcomes of OSIOS assimilation in a focused context. In order to test our hypotheses based on this framework, we used data from a high-technology supply chain and employed econometrics techniques. We found that both competition asymmetry across supply chain echelons and OSIOS assimilation within supply chain echelons predict individual firms’ OSIOS assimilation. The results also suggest that firms’ supply chain dominance is both a driver and an outcome of OSIOS assimilation, highlighting a mutually reinforcing process. In addition, our study reveals boundary conditions of the hypothesized relationships. The use of multiple theoretical perspectives, a unique dataset, and innovative statistical techniques to investigate OSIOS assimilation in high-technology supply chains contributes to the body of knowledge in both the supply chain management and management of information systems disciplines.     

供应链管理的信息经济学分析

在信息化高度发达的21世纪，企业之间的竞争已经发展成为供应链与供应链之间的竞争。然而各供应链节点上的企业之间如何相互合作，达到整条供应链最优．已成为摆在企业面前最重要的问题。本文主要从信息经济学中的信息不对称、道德风险和逆向选择三方面来分析供应链中各企业之间应如何协调，以达到各方都赢的目的。     

供应链融资模式下核心企业的运作策略

供应链融资业务的参与方有金融机构、核心企业、中小融资企业、物流企业等;其中各参与方当中起到供应链融资能否实施的决定性作用的是以银行为代表的金融机构及与中小融资企业有贸易来往的核心企业。文中以核心企业为视角,首先分析了核心企业在供应链融资中的作用,然后梳理了核心企业参与供应链融资运作的必要条件,最后阐明了供应链融资中核心企业的运作策略。     

航材供应链管理研究

传统的航材保障中的信息共享和信息技术水平较低,供应链的思想和技术是解决这一问题的途径。航材供应链对传统的航材保障进行一定的业务重组、信息化改造,提高了信息流管理的及时性、准确性,降低了航材经费。利用数据仓库和数据挖掘技术将航材供应链管理信息系统升级为基于数据仓库的决策支持系统,可以满足当前航材预测、辅助决策的需要。     

基于AHP的中小企业供应链融资风险评估

近年来各银行纷纷推出各种供应链金融产品,这一方面在一定程度上解决了中小企业融资难问题,另一方面也给银行提供了新的业务渠道。但是,该融资模式在运行过程中比传统融资模式更容易产生风险。文章通过阐述中小企业现金流的缺口及相应的供应链融资模式并分析其风险及特征,筛选出影响中小企业供应链融资风险的指标因素,建立了包括融资企业资质指标、核心企业资质指标、供应链运行状况指标、融资项下交易资产质量指标四个评价指标在内的评估体系。在此基础上,借助AHP进行定性和定量分析,构建了供应链融资风险评估模型,确定了相关因素的影响力排序,找出风险控制点,以期为促进供应链融资业务的良好运行提供一些思路。     

博弈分析框架下的供应链应收账款融资研究

如何解决中小企业融资难问题,一直困扰着理论界和实务界。供应链金融概念的提出和发展,为中小企业融资难问题提供了解决办法。作为供应链金融的融资工具之一,应收账款融资由于在操作上的快捷和简便,受到众多中小企业和银行的青睐。文章从博弈论的角度,分析了核心企业、中小企业供应商、银行三方在应收账款融资过程中的决策。通过分析可以得出,核心企业从自身的经营稳定性和利益出发,会选择为中小企业应收账款融资提供担保。同时,银行为了扩展自身业务,提高资产收益,会接受中小企业提出的应收账款融资请求。核心企业、中小企业、银行之间的博弈达到帕累托最优。     

中小制造企业供应链管理研究

实施中小企业供应链管理,提升中小企业在整个供应链中的地位,不但有助于中小企业自身发展壮大,还有利于整个国民经济的发展。从转变经营管理理念、企业核心竞争力等方面探讨了构建中小企业为核心的供应链管理的途径。     

Process innovation laboratory: a new approach to business process innovation based on enterprise information systems

Most organizations today are required not only to operate effective business processes but also to allow for changing business conditions at an increasing rate. Today nearly every business relies on their enterprise information systems (EIS) for process integration and future generations of EIS will increasingly be driven by business process models. Consequently business process modelling and improvement is becoming a serious challenge. The aim of this paper is to establish a conceptual framework for business process innovation (BPI) in the supply chain based on advanced EIS. The challenge is thus to create a new methodology for developing and exploring process models and applications. The paper outlines the process innovation laboratory (Π-Lab) as a new approach to BPI. The Π-Lab is a comprehensive framework and a collaborative workspace for experimenting with process models. The Π-Lab facilitates innovation by using an integrated action learning approach to process modelling in a controlled environment. The study is based on design science and the paper also discusses the implications to EIS research and practice.     

企业供应链管理的信息化问题

随着产业的国际化发展,全球范围内的市场竞争日趋激烈,供应链管理受到越来越多企业的重视。随着供应链管理难度的加大,传统的供应链管理思想与方法已经不再适应现代企业供应链管理的需要,数据库、计算机网络、用户界面、电子商务和知识管理等信息技术正在迅速地改变供应链的管理模式。信息技术为科学地管理供应链提供了技术支持,使企业在激烈的市场竞争中提升自己的竞争力。     

商业银行供应链金融应收账款模式的风险控制研究——基于A行融资产品的分析与启示

随着中国金融市场竞争愈加激烈,商业银行纷纷把目光集中在中小企业的融资问题上,供应链金融由此应运而生。本文在借鉴已有相关成果的基础上,以A行针对X企业不同的经营模式设计的供应链金融产品为例,从供应链金融的应收账款模式出发,系统分析A行供应链金融产品的设计、实施及风险控制措施,基于案例分析,提出商业银行供应链金融顺利实施的关键是既要发挥核心企业的主导作用,又要降低其道德风险、加强对供应链企业的动态风险监控、加强贷后跟踪管理体制。     

基于顾客价值创新的供应链整合策略研究

优化供应链管理水平,构建一体化的整合供应链,已经成为当前形势下供应链企业获取竞争优势的重要途径。本文从创造顾客价值的角度出发,提出供应链整合管理必须以满足顾客需求为中心,增强产品功能和质量,提高服务水平,降低顾客成本,创造更多的顾客价值。在此基础上,提出建立基于Internet和EDI技术的信息共享系统及进行关键业务流程重组是提升供应链顾客价值的重要整合策略。     

视频资料在《供应链管理》教学中的运用

《供应链管理》是一门实践性很强的课程,同时这门课程理论性强,知识点较为抽象,而学生们大都缺乏必要的实践经验,缺乏对企业运行方式的感性认识,而在教学计划中供应链管理课时有限,如何在有限的课时中将供应链管理的核心思想教授给学生就成为一个挑战。为了提高学生对理论学习的兴趣,改善教学效果,针对《供应链管理》课程教学中存在的问题,结合学生特点,从《供应链管理》教学中运用视频资料的优点和运用视频资料应注意的问题两个方面做了探讨。     

Sustainability concerns in luxury supply chains: European brand strategies and French consumer expectations

Sustainability in supply chain management has become a concern in both research and practice. Although consumption and purchasing have been significantly explored in the luxury sector, a gap in supply chain studies is still evident. Therefore, the aim of this article is to examine how industry bodies and supply chain partners address sustainability concerns in the European luxury sector and how they respond to consumer expectations. In an explanatory study, we have collected data about sustainable supply chain practices in 11 European luxury good companies, by interviewing and surveying 13 managers. In a first consumer study, we held interviews with French luxury consumers in Bordeaux about their sustainability expectations (N = 170). The results show that while the distribution of attention is dependent on the respective supply chain activities, luxury goods companies address sustainability concerns and aim to take responsibility for their activities. However, the emphasis is on the dimension of economic sustainability. A comparison with sustainability expectations of French luxury goods consumers suggests that business practices are not perfectly well aligned with these expectations. Consumers put more emphasis on social and environmental sustainability dimensions. On the other hand, business activities concerning waste reduction and raw material management rather well match consumer expectations.     

基于Internet/Intranet的供应链管理信息系统研究

分析了供应链和供应链管理的基础,并针对一个MIS的模块结构实例,给出基于Internet/Intranet的供应链管理信息系统的一个例子。     

The SCOR model for the alignment of business processes and information systems

The alignment of business processes and information systems is a critical factor for both business process management (BPM) and enterprise resource planning (ERP) system efficiency. Analysing existing approaches of alignment shows the need for an independent reference model to support the mapping between organisational and informational views. The SCOR model represents a strong management tool to evaluate, control, measure and improve existing supply chain process structures, based on a business process view of supply chain highlighting the functional requirements of best practices identified. We have critically analysed the contribution of the current SCOR model to the alignment of business processes and information systems. As the alignment is currently only based on the functional realisation of best practices, we show that this alignment risks neglecting important process dependencies. An extended reference model is then proposed, including the structuring of information exchanged between processes. That results in a more complete process map highlighting all physical and informational dependencies, in a multi-view of ‘business process mapping’ including the informational dimension, and thus a more precise alignment of ERP systems with processes.     

Business-to-business electronic market place selection

There is an increasing demand for doing business online, which calls for higher business interoperability on business-to-business (B2B) electronic market places (EMp). This drives the development of integration technologies for improving B2B electronic market (EM) functions on EMp. This paper argues that with the development of integration technologies companies will use more private, community and public EMp and select their proper type of EMp when comparing the function–cost ratios of business interoperability on different types of B2B EMp. This argument has been validated through the case studies against a method of historical event analysis. In this shift, four integration factors of standard flexibility, enterprise integration, service provision and semantic integration are constantly improving EMp functions, which lead to an overall reduction of interaction cost for business interoperation on all types of EMp. This will change business behaviour and corporate strategies of most firms, and have important implications for firms to make strategies of how to select EMp to increase business interoperability for higher competitiveness.