Time to decision: the drivers of innovation adoption decisions

Organisations desire timeliness. Timeliness facilitates a better responsiveness to changes in an organisation's external environment to either attain or maintain competitiveness. Despite its importance, decision timeliness has not been explicitly examined. Decision timeliness is measured in this study as the time taken to commit to a decision. The research objective is to identify the drivers of decision timeliness in the context of adopting service-oriented architecture (SOA), an innovation for enterprise computing. A research model rooted in the technology–organisation–environment (TOE) framework is proposed and tested with data collected in a large-scale study. The research variables have been examined before in the context of adoption, but their applicability to the timeliness of innovation decision-making has not received much attention and their salience is unclear. The results support multiple hypothesised relationships, including the finding that a risk-oriented organisational culture as well as normative and coercive pressures accelerates decision timeliness. Top management support as well as the traditional innovation attributes (compatibility, relative advantage and complexity/ease-of-use) were not found to be significant when examining their influence on decision timeliness, which appears inconsistent with generally accepted knowledge and deserves further examination.     

Using integrated information systems in supply chain management

The aim of this paper is to empirically test not only the direct effects of information and communication technology (ICT) capabilities and integrated information systems (IS) on firm performance, but also the moderating role of IS integration along the supply chain in the relationship between ICT external and capabilities and business performance. Data collected from 102 large Iberian firms from Spain and Portugal are used to test the research model. The hierarchical multiple regression analysis is employed to test the direct effects and the moderating relationships proposed. Results show that external and internal ICT capabilities are important drivers of firm performance, while merely having integrated IS do not lead to better firm performance. In addition, a moderating effect of IS integration in the relationship between ICT capabilities and business performance is found, although this integration only contributes to firm performance when it is directed to connect with suppliers or customers rather than when integrating the whole supply chain.     

中小企业的流程再造探析

在激烈的市场竞争中,许多企业通过流程再造有效地克服了传统管理模式的弊端,消除了额外成本、流程缺陷、延迟等造成的各种浪费。然而,流程再造并不是大企业的专利,中小企业也需要引进流程再造的管理理念。中小企业通过流程再造使其流程更趋向理想化、灵活化,并能迅速适应环境的变化。     

Assessing the adoption of HRM by small and medium-sized manufacturing organizations

This paper reports on exploratory research which uses a comparative case-study approach with sixteen organizations to study the extent to which HRM has been adopted in traditional brownfield-site, small and medium-sized UK manufacturing organizations. The paper begins with a comparison of HRM practices across the sixteen organizations. It is argued that the most common HRM practices in these firms appeared to relate more to a traditional small firm approach than to any proactive attempt to adopt HRM. The analysis shows that very few of the organizations adopted a strategic approach towards HRM with an integrated set of policies related to corporate strategy being put forward. Instead, the dominant approach seemed to be one of reactive, opportunistic pragmatism, showing little development from the standard modern approach identified as most common in the early 1980s. On the other hand, three organizations are shown to approximate quite closely to the model of strategic HRM and contextual analysis is undertaken to attempt to differentiate these from the other organizations. A comparison is also made between the findings of this research and a telephone survey that was conducted to assess the use of HRM in Leicestershire. The results of this show that a certain degree of caution should be exercised when accepting reports of organizational practices which do not involve researchers actually entering the organizations. Finally, the paper concludes that in order to get a better understanding of the situation facing these and other organizations we need to broaden our scope and consider the impact of changing economic, social and political conditions on management worker relations.     

高校图书馆为中小企业信息服务的实践与思考

文章通过本校图书馆利用自身蕴藏的资源优势为本地中小企业开展信息服务的尝试,发现有其不足的一面,为了弥补缺陷,更好地发挥自身的优势,我们与本地其他信息机构以合作的方式提供信息服务,并在此基础上,提出联合服务的一些思考。     

中小企业发展电子商务的对策

文章分析了我国中小企业发展电子商务的优势,并结合其发展现状,探讨了中小企业如何应用电子商务的策略问题。     

中小企业与公益性科技情报机构竞争情报协作初探

文章针对当前我国中小企业竞争情报工作薄弱、体系不健全的现状,从竞争情报对企业发展的重要意义、我国中小企业竞争情报工作现状及存在的主要问题和中小企业与公益性科技情报机构竞争情报协作方式等3个方面做了初步探讨。     

浅析中小型企业标准化财务管理

文章在分析当前中国中小型企业生存发展的基础上,归纳了中小企业财务管理存在的漏洞与缺陷,并提出了相关的建议。     

论科技信息机构在中小企业技术创新中的作用

文章简要分析了阻碍我国中小企业技术创新的因素,列举了科技信息机构为中小企业提供技术创新服务所具有的优势,并详细阐述了科技信息机构在促进中小企业技术创新中的支撑与引领作用。     

浅析中小型企业如何提高竞争力

文章通过对我国中小型企业发展的现状和存在的问题进行研究分析,探寻提高中小企业核心竞争力的对策措施,进而使我国的中小企业在竞争中更具优势,使之在市场竞争中取胜。     

论中小企业技术创新

我国中小企业技术创新活动具有多样性和广泛性,它们的技术创新在许多行业占据了主导地位,研究中小企业的技术创新问题对经济发展和社会进步具有重要意义。文章围绕中小企业的技术创新概念、企业与技术创新的关系、内外部环境分析进行讨论,提出新形势下中小企业技术创新的对策。     

High‐performance work system implementation in small and medium enterprises: A knowledge‐creation perspective

While it is well established that high‐performance work systems (HPWSs) affect firm‐level outcomes within large, complex organizations, less is known about how they create benefits for firms within the small‐business sector. Using a knowledge‐creation perspective, this study examines the impact of HPWSs in small and medium enterprises and examines whether the impact observed depends on the small‐business leader's capacity to obtain additional HR knowledge from an external expert, as well as the leader's HR background and knowledge. Archival and survey data were obtained from 294 small‐business organizations, with survey responses obtained from both the small‐business leader and an HR consultant assigned to the small business. Findings suggest that leader perceptions of HR effectiveness are positively related to the use of HPWSs and that this relationship is moderated both by the communication patterns between the small‐business leader and the HR consultant assigned to the firm and the small‐business leader's HR knowledge. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

浅谈中小企业技术创新

文章阐述了中小企业技术创新的概念,分析了湖南省中小企业技术创新的现状和影响因素,为完善湖南省中小企业技术创新政策环境提供一些思路。     

开源软件在中小企业信息化中的应用与发展

文章分析了中小企业信息化过程中存在的问题和目前开源软件用于中小企业的现状,结合具体实例指出了开源软件对中小企业信息化的促进作用以及基于开源软件的中小企业信息化建设解决方案,提出了开源软件的发展趋势。     

中小企业融资难的原因及对策

中小企业在经济发展中起着非常重要的作用,然而“融资难”问题是制约中小企业发展的重要瓶颈。文章结合中小企业融资现状,分析其“融资难”的原因,提出了解决“融资难”问题的对策,对于中小企业自身发展及我国的经济发展具有重要意义。     

浅论中小企业营销渠道管理

中小企业对我国经济有着不可替代的重要作用,然而激烈竞争导致我国中小企业破产率相当高,如果中小企业建立和管理好营销渠道工作,就能很好地提高企业竞争力。文章讨论了中小企业在渠道的建立、中间商的激励、中间商的评估、渠道系统改进及冲突管理方面应注意的一些问题。     

中小企业产业集群:中小型民营企业财务困境的出路

中小型民营企业面临严峻的考验。中小企业产业集群的形成能降低企业的生产成本,形成区域品牌优势,从而提升企业的竞争能力,以达到解决中小型民营企业的财务困境之目的。     

论中小公共图书馆的数字信息资源建设

现代信息技术的飞速发展,使人类社会已从信息时代走向数字时代和网络时代,作为文献信息集散中心的图书馆则发生着巨变。文章主要探讨了在这个特定的时代下,信息服务建设对公共图书馆的重要性以及如何更好的建设信息服务平台。     

我国中小企业激励机制的问题及对策

文章主要分析了中小企业激励机制存在的问题及产生的原因,并从物质激励、精神激励和员工发展激励等方面探讨中小企业健全激励机制的对策。     

Harmonization of financial reporting of small and medium-sized enterprises in the Czech Republic

A current problem of the present-day accounting and financial reporting consists in aligning the accounting in small and medium enterprises. In July 2009 the International Financial Reporting Standard for small and medium-sized enterprises was issued, which extended the aligning possibilities also to small and medium enterprises considerably. If the standard is adopted by the national legislation, problems connected with the standard implementation in the national legislation will have to be solved as well as practical issues connected with making financial statements. At present the yields and the problems which can arise in connection with the standard application have to be focused on. A contribution of the standard application will be a better informative ability of financial statements on the international level. At small and medium enterprises this can contribute to better comanunication with banks, with investors, rating application are： parallel reporting according to national agencies etc. The problems connected with the standard regulations, differences between the national legislation and the standard, wide practice at keeping accounts and making financial statements and limited approach of small and medium enterprises to obtaining information and to training of their employees. Another problem can be a tight link between the trading income and the tax base, when small companies prefer rather the tax point of view.