东亚区域汇率合作:方案比较与路径选择

汇率制度合作是区域货币合作的核心内容,未来3~5年内,东亚国家和地区应以亚洲货币单位(ACU)的推出为契机,围绕共同钉住一篮子货币开展汇率合作,同时,不断完善区域汇率协调监督机制与危机救助机制。     

新加坡亚洲货币单位的新进展及其对我国发展人民币离岸市场的启示

文章全面、系统地介绍了新加坡亚洲货币单位设立背景、业务申请、监管要求和近期业务发展情况,分析了亚洲货币单位对我国发展人民币离岸市场和推动人民币国际化的借鉴意义。文章指出,不能简单照搬亚洲货币单位的发展模式,而是要立足本国国情探索人民币国际化的发展道路,随着金融市场改革开放的进展,逐步推动离岸、在岸市场的融合和沟通。     

货币错配与经济金融稳定:亚太经验比较分析

中国的汇率制度改革使得在盯住汇率制度下积聚的巨大货币错配风险逐渐暴露出来.货币错配是否会影响经济金融稳定,本文通过对亚洲金融危机、日本经济衰退以及本世纪以来亚洲新兴市场国家的累积的新风险进行梳理、比较与分析,得出净外币负债型货币错配与净外币资产型货币错配在一定的条件下都会影响经济金融稳定.     

货币竞争、货币替代与人民币区域化

货币竞争的基础是经济主体的理性选择,其结果就是货币替代.人民币区域化实质上是人民币积极参与区域货币竞争,并试图替代区域内其他货币的过程.尽管在货币竞争中胜出的收益大于成本,但享受利益与承担成本的主体不同,常常使一国政府在面临本币国际化时犹豫不决.鉴于目前人民币在区域货币竞争中的地位,为取得人民币区域货币竞争的最后胜利,应在维持人民币势力范围的同时积极寻求区域货币联盟,同时加快经济与金融体制改革.     

计价货币选择理论述评

计价货币的选择是促进一国货币实现国际化的重要因素。本文在对主要研究进展进行综述的基础上,力图从国际经济贸易的交易成本、商品的海外市场需求、工具货币的选用和宏观经济政策的实施几个方面对货币计价的理论进行一个全方位的梳理,以期对人民币国际化的相关研究做出一定程度的理论参考。     

Examining dynamic currency linkages amongst South Asian economies: An empirical study

In this paper, we examine the currency market linkages of South Asian member countries using daily data from 6 January 2004 to 31st March 2016. Time invariant and varying Copula GARCH models show that South Asian countries, except for India and Nepal/Bhutan, have low levels of currency market linkages which can be ascribed to poor levels of intra-regional trade intensity and portfolio flows. We reconfirm the copula results through Diebold and Yilmaz methodology and document that currency market connectedness is very limited in the South Asian region. The trends of the fundamental determinants of currency co-movements for the South Asian member countries were compared with its neighbouring regional economic bloc in Asia which has a much longer history and a wider membership base i.e ASEAN + 6. From a comparative analysis, it was found that South Asia member states have to work on their governance parameters, improve on their trade linkages and trade tariffs and work towards greater degree of capital account convertibility with adequate safeguards to achieve higher levels of currency market linkages.     

A note on the no arbitrage condition for international financial markets

We consider an international financial market model that consists ofN currencies. The purpose is to derive a no arbitrage condition which is not affected by the choice of numéraire between theN currencies. As a result, we show that a finiteness condition for an arbitrary chosen currency and the no arbitrage condition for the basket currency are necessary and sufficient for the no arbitrage property of all theN currencies. Research supported in part by Nomura Foundation for Social Science and by the European Community Stimulation Plan for Economic Science contract Number SPES-CT91-0089. The authors thank an anonymous FEJM referee for helpful comments.     

人民币国际化进程中的货币反替代研究

人民币国际化有诸多利好,同时也面临着货币替代风险、人民币国际化逆转性风险以及外来资本冲击和货币反替代风险等。货币反替代是人民币国际化渐进进程中的必然现象,这种现象对中国经济的影响有有利的一面,也有妨碍货币政策的独立性并影响货币政策对宏观经济的效用等不利的一面。维持人民币的实际利率,消除社会上已存在的人民币升值顶期,是近中期内要优先考虑的抑制反替代任务之一。     

人民币在东亚区域货币“锚”效应及其影响因素研究

本文运用状态空间模型的时变参数回归,测度2005年7月21日-2018年9月30日不同阶段人民币在东亚区域的货币"锚"效应,并利用变截距固定效应面板模型对人民币在东亚区域内货币"锚"效应的多重影响因素进行分析。研究表明,美元在东亚区域内货币"锚"效应略有下降,但仍然难以取代;欧元和英镑在东亚区域内货币"锚"效应下降很大;而日元近几年在东亚区域内货币"锚"效应显著提升;人民币在东亚区域的货币"锚"效应自2010年以来显著提升,大部分时期已经接近美元的水平,但很容易受国际经济形势和突发事件的影响。东亚其他国家和地区与中国大陆的经济增长率差异、通货膨胀率差异、利率差异,东亚其他国家和地区对中国大陆产品市场依赖程度和人民币国际化程度都对人民币在东亚区域发挥"锚"效应有显著影响。其中,东亚其他国家和地区与中国大陆经济周期同步性、东亚其他国家和地区对中国大陆产品市场依赖程度和人民币国际化程度是推动人民币在东亚区域内货币"锚"效应提升的最主要因素。     

Early-warning analysis for currency crises in emerging markets: A revisit with fuzzy clustering

Currency crises, also often called balance-of-payment crises, occur when massive capital outflows force a country to devalue or float its currency. The world-wide integration of capital markets since the 1980s and 1990s has increased the degree of capital mobility, which also determined a substantial turbulence in foreign exchange markets and frequent currency crises. In this paper, we explore advanced supporting instruments for predicting currency crises, based on an empirical study of the currency crisis episodes in 23 emerging markets around the world during the second half of last century. More specifically, we investigate the usefulness of prediction models built based on the fuzzy c-means method. First we build clustering models that partition data into a certain number of overlapping natural groups. Thereafter, we classify the data clusters into early-warning clusters and tranquil clusters. We compare the performance of our models with a conventional c-means clustering model and a benchmark probit model. The results show that the proposed models achieve a similar level of out-of-sample performance as the probit model and c-means model. The fuzzy approach also introduces additional explanatory advantages into the early-warning analysis process. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

货币替代和反替代对我国货币政策独立性的影响

货币替代和反替代会通过多种渠道影响一国货币政策的独立性。我国当前同时存在着货币替代和货币反替代,其中货币替代的程度在不断下降,而货币反替代的程度则不断增强。通过构建包含货币替代和货币反替代的粘性价格货币模型,本文运用回归方法检验了货币替代和货币反替代对我国货币政策独立性的影响程度。结论是,货币替代和货币反替代都会影响到我国的货币供给,进而会降低我国货币政策的独立性,但货币替代的影响更加强烈。     

最优货币区视角下的中国货币政策区域效应分析

基于最优货币区理论,中国还不是最优货币区.按照外贸依存度和人均CDP把中国经济区域分为A、B、C三个区域,采用向量自回归模型(VAR)和脉冲响应函数(IRF)定量检验得出,中国确实存在货币政策的区域效应.从货币政策传导机制的角度来看,汇率渠道是产生货币政策区域效应的主要原因,利率渠道对货币政策区域效应的解释力不强.     

基于最优货币区理论的东亚货币一体化可行性研究

随着经济全球化和区域化的发展,区域货币联盟已成为一种新的潮流。在欧元的成功运行以及近年国际金融危机的频繁发生,特别是1997年亚洲金融危机的爆发所带来的严重后果,唤起了东亚各国对东亚货币合作的极大关注。本文从最优货币区理论出发,对东亚经济体货币一体化的可行性进行研究,并对此提出建议。从研究结果看,东亚目前尚不能完全满足最优货币区的标准,但共同利益原则将使东亚货币合作的趋势不可逆转。     

投机性货币冲击引发货币危机的条件及防范

由投机性货币冲击所引发的固定汇率制崩溃给实行固定汇率制的国家(或地区)的经济发展蒙上了一层沉重的阴影。为此，本文运用国内外关于货币危机中货币投机性冲击理论的最新研究成果分析了欧洲货币危机和东南亚金融危机中投机冲击致胜的基本条件，进而提出了我国加入WTO后防范和化解人民币危机的相关措施。     

我国货币替代的实证研究

货币替代是开放经济条件下特有的货币现象,对我国宏观经济的影响也随着经济金融体系的开放而不断加深。通过建立货币替代的理论模型对我国的货币替代程度及其影响因素之间的关系作了动态分析,结果表明人民币汇率波动对货币替代影响最为突出,名义有效汇率的频繁波动会造成货币替代乃至货币需求的不稳定,我国的利率管制使得国内外货币收益率的相对变化并未在货币替代过程中呈现显著作用。     

货币互换工具的理论与应用:美联储的实践与启示

本文的货币互换是指两国央行之间签订的主要为了解决流动性问题的一种金融管理工具。布雷顿森林体系成立以来,美联储基于不同目的多次与其他央行签订了货币互换协议。我国央行为便利双边贸易和投资于2001年开始使用货币互换工具。通过对比分析,我们认为美联储货币互换的实践对我国央行进一步实施、完善和拓展货币互换工具的使用有借鉴意义。     

基于资本流动逆转的货币危机理论——兼论我国应对危机冲击的策略选择

货币危机理论是当前国际经济学研究热点之一,在已有的三大危机理论中均有关于货币危机与资本流动的论述,但均是通过已构建的模型寻找货币危机和资本流动逆转的原因,而非阐述资本流动逆转与货币危机的内在关系,对当前因资本流动逆转所引发的货币危机缺乏解释力。本文拟从资本流动的宏观视角出发,运用数理模型推导汇率与资本流动内在关系表达式,利用资本流动模型构建资本流动逆转货币危机理论分析框架,探讨资本流动逆转货币危机对我国的影响和冲击,并提出应对之策。     

Regional integration of the East Asian stock markets: An empirical assessment

The aim of this paper is to study the dynamics of regional financial integration in East Asia over the 1990:01–2012:08 period. To this end, we use the international capital asset pricing model (ICAPM) to assess the evolution of financial market integration through time and evaluate their risk premia. We also construct an Asian currency basket in order to obtain a reference currency in this area. Our empirical analysis is based on the multivariate GARCH-DCC approach with time-varying correlations. Our results show that the East Asian stock markets were partially segmented (except for Japan) within their region until approximately 2008. However, the last years are characterized by an upward trend in the regional integration of stock markets. Our findings also show that the risk premium related to regional stock markets is significant for all countries.     

Are global shocks leading indicators of currency crisis in Viet Nam?

This paper aims to identify leading indicators of a currency crisis in Viet Nam based on an early warning system for the period 1996–February 2016. This paper found that global financial shocks (e.g., regional and global financial crisis, unexpected changes in monetary policy of largest economies such as the United States and the People’s Republic of China), and domestic credit growth rate are leading indicators of a currency crisis in Viet Nam in all three models. Deficits in trade balance, international reserves, and overvaluation of the dong are also good indicators. In addition, a model in which a currency crisis or turbulence in the foreign exchange market is defined based on the exchange market pressure and parallel market premium, with window length of 2 months, outperformed for predicting a currency crisis in Viet Nam. Empirical results suggested that probability of predicting a true currency crisis was 77.5%.     

Assessing co-ordinated Asian exchange rate regimes: Proposal for a possible move towards a common currency

This study assesses prospective Asian exchange rate regimes and finds short- and long-run currency dynamics more conducive to the introduction of a common peg based on a basket of the European euro, the United States dollar and the Japanese yen than the alternative of a United States dollar peg exchange rate regime. Exchange rate systems of 3- 4- and 5-Asian currencies are considered and the dynamics in a set of four European currencies prior to the introduction of the Euro provides benchmark evidence. The evidence for an Asian basket peg exchange rate regime is strengthened when, unlike prior studies, estimates of the long-run parameters account for time-varying volatility effects.