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《Economic Systems》2022,46(2):100971
This study uses data from six Eurozone countries and the United Kingdom between 1980Q1 and 2018Q4 to examine whether these countries had housing bubbles during the observed period. Whereas typical studies make strictly limited assumptions regarding interest rates, we make an unconventional argument for the necessity of testing the integration relationship between the price–rent ratio and the interest rate reciprocal to determine the existence of housing bubbles. To verify this study’s proposition, two housing bubble indicators were adopted to dynamically examine periods of housing bubbles in European countries by using a series of individual countries and panel data from Eurozone countries. According to the empirical results for individual countries, although the price–rent ratio indicates the occurrence of housing booms in the targeted countries, the evidence for housing bubbles is unclear. The dynamic bubble indicator revealed that housing bubbles occurred in France and Ireland within a short period in 1993Q3 and 2000Q2, respectively. Spain experienced two short-term housing bubbles in 1990Q1 and 2015Q1. The short-term bubbles signify that the housing markets were efficient. Once the price–rent ratio failed to converge toward the nominal interest rate, market traders’ rational behavior can immediately correct the short-term market divergence. The panel data of the Eurozone countries also reveals that simply using the price–rent ratio for examination may underestimate the correction of the housing markets. In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrate the importance of the interest rate in controlling the housing market. 相似文献
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随着规模的不断扩大,集团企业多将原来分散采购模式转变为集中采购。这种模式在实现采购的规模优势的同时,也遇到了各下级单位不能共享信息、库存重复、积压等问题。本文基于"激励相容"原理,以我国煤炭企业为例,建立起一套完善的信息共享机制,来实现集团内的库存共享,降低成本,促进集中采购优势的最大发挥。 相似文献
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Land and residential property markets in a booming economy: New evidence from Beijing 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Beijing's housing market has boomed over the last fifteen years. The city's population grew by 40.6% and per capita income (in constant RMB) by 273.9% from 1991 to 2005. Using two geocoded data sets, we present new evidence on the real estate price gradient, land price gradient, population densities, and building densities in Beijing's recent free housing market. The classic urban monocentric model's predictions are largely upheld in Beijing. We also document the importance of local public goods, such as access to public transit infrastructure, core high schools, clean air, and major universities, most of which have exogenous locations, as important determinants of real estate prices. 相似文献
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This paper presents the results from estimating the effects of development impact fees on the prices of new and existing single-family homes and undeveloped residential land using unique data for Dade County, FL. The results show that an additional US$1.00 of fees increases the price of both new and existing housing by about US$1.60 and reduces the price of land by about US$1.00. These findings are shown to be consistent with the new view but not the old view theory of impact fee incidence. 相似文献
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Peter Fleming 《Journal of Management Studies》2013,50(3):474-495
Hugh Willmott's classic 1993 JMS article, ‘Strength is Ignorance; Freedom is Slavery’, has greatly influenced how we understand culture management. It draws parallel's with George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty‐Four to reveal the totalitarian aspirations of ‘corporate culturalism’. While it is sometimes said that employee resistance is missing in Willmott's account, I argue that it is implicitly pervasive, prefiguring subsequent investigations of ‘micro‐emancipation’ in management studies. The recent waning of scholarly interest in this type of resistance, however, also points to the contemporary relevance of Willmott's analysis. Emergent forms of corporate regulation utilize ‘biopower’ rather than just cultural conformity, rendering micro‐emancipation inadequate, but inspiring other types of dissent. 相似文献
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厂商与经销商的委托代理关系是营销管理中的一种特殊而重要的关系,是决定企业经营成败的关键因素之一。本文着重分析道德风险下的委托代理模型,基于客户价值的角度改进原有激励模型,分析模型结果,并加以总结说明。 相似文献
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I-Chun Tsai 《Economic Systems》2018,42(2):269-281
This study investigates whether single currency use increased house price convergence among various countries. First, the panel unit root test results indicate that the house prices in euro zone countries were more correlated than the house prices in non-euro zone countries. Second, the house prices in various European countries converged towards the house prices in Germany, which uses the single currency, rather than towards those in the United Kingdom, indicating that single currency use increased the influence of the German housing market on other markets. Finally, the log t regression model, a new convergence test, was employed and determined that the house prices in various European countries were not converging before 1992 but began to do so after that year. After the euro was implemented as an official currency, the house prices in various countries converged towards a consistent level. On the basis of the relative transition paths, this study determines that the differences among housing markets in various countries have continuously decreased since 1992. The empirical results indicate that the law of one price is applicable to tradable goods and that single currency use can integrate housing markets, which include non-tradable goods. 相似文献
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We consider the generalization of Shapley and Scarf’s (1974) [Shapley, L., Scarf’s, H., 1974. On cores and indivisibility. Journal of Mathematical Economics 1, 23–37.] model of trading indivisible objects (houses) to so-called multiple-type housing markets. We show that the prominent solution for these markets, the coordinate-wise core rule, is second-best incentive compatible. 相似文献
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人的行动总是出于一定的目的,并且采取或寻求一定的手段来努力达到目的。承认和实行市场经济,意味着经济运行的\"目的-手段\"机理发生了根本性变化,彻底改变了中国经济社会的整个面貌。人类经济发展的本真复兴,就是在市场经济高度发达的基础上,从曾经发挥了积极作用的工具主义的财富观中进一步觉醒,升华为本真价值观的觉醒。无论从国内还是从国际视角看,体现\"目的-手段\"机理机制的新动能,其\"方向的自觉性\"都要展现创新、自律、理智的基本特征。 相似文献
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Like stock market prices, housing prices often exhibit temporary booms and busts. A possible explanation for the observed abrupt changes is offered by the stochastic catastrophe model. This paper addresses the question whether the catastrophe model can describe and predict the dynamics of housing markets. We fit a stochastic cusp catastrophe model to empirical housing market data for six OECD countries, US, JP, UK, NL, SE and BE. Two different estimation approaches are considered – Cobb׳s method and Euler discretization. The analysis shows that while Cobb׳s approach describes the long-run stationary density better, Euler discretization is more tailored for time series, as it provides better one-step-ahead predictions. Proceeding using the Euler discretization method we discuss the dynamics of housing markets in terms of the multiple equilibria cusp catastrophe model. By considering the long-term interest rate as an exogenous variable we obtain new insights into the policy implications of interest rate levels, in particular concerning the stability of housing markets. 相似文献
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House prices often exhibit serial correlation and mean reversion. Using two large panel datasets, this paper analyzes the price dynamics in two significantly different types of markets, cyclical (or volatile) and non-cyclical (or tame), by applying an autoregressive mean reversion (ARMR) model. Our results show that cyclical markets have larger AR coefficients than non-cyclical markets. As a result, house prices in cyclical markets tend to have larger price cycles. We also find that the upward periods have larger AR coefficients than the downward periods. This demonstrates that house prices are likely to overshoot the equilibrium in appreciating markets while experiencing downward rigidity during periods of decline. The model developed in this paper can produce a forecast with rich house price dynamics across markets. Our results can also be used to determine how house prices in overvalued markets will ultimately adjust. 相似文献
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住房供给弹性是制定和评估房地产调控政策的重要指标,利用中国30个省市区1999—2009年的面板数据分析表明:中国住房供给弹性存在显著的区域差异性,房价、信贷、土地供给和建筑成本等因素对住房供给的影响,在东中西部地区存在显著差异性。在东部,土地政策对住房供给影响最显著,在中西部,信贷和房价政策对住房供给影响最大。中国住房需求弹性和供给弹性均存在区域差异,这表明政府应根据不同区域市场供需特性,制定针对性强的调控政策。 相似文献
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师资队伍建设已成为新时期职业教育发展的主要瓶颈。对河南省五所职业院校教师心理状况的调查分析表明,市场经济框架下职业院校师资激励机制在于从政府政策、办学模式、人事薪酬、产学研管理等方面的全方位构建。 相似文献