Analysing tax evasion dynamics via the Ising model

We develop a model of tax evasion based on the Ising model. We augment the model using an appropriate enforcement mechanism that may allow policy makers to curb tax evasion. With a certain probability tax evaders are subject to an audit. If they get caught they behave honestly for a certain number of periods. Simulating the model for a range of parameter combinations, we show that tax evasion may be controlled effectively by using punishment as an enforcement mechanism.     

购房者认知价值对“小产权房”购买行为的影响——以武汉市为例

研究目的：揭示购房者认知价值对“小产权房”购买行为的影响,测度购房者认知价值各类因子对“小产权房”购买行为的影响方向和程度。研究方法：文献资料法、问卷调查法、因子分析法、结构方程模型法。研究结论：1．“小产权房”购房者认知价值因子可分为功能服务、购买成本、持有风险、心理诉求。2．功能服务、购买成本、心理诉求对“小产权房”购买行为动机层面有正向影响,其中功能服务的影响程度最大;购买成本、功能服务对“小产权房”购买行为决策层面有正向影响,持有风险对“小产权房”购买行为决策层面有负向影响,其中购买成本的影响程度最大。     

实物期权定价理论在矿业权价值评估中的应用——以甘家巷铅锌矿投资项目为例

矿业权开发投资涉及多阶段决策,而且矿产品价格剧烈波动,不确定性极高。传统的净现值法易低估矿业投资项目的价值,往往导致对项目的误评。文中引入实物期权理论,在介绍其概念、优势及其在矿业投资中应用框架的基础上,结合华东局实例讨论了在不确定性条件下矿山推迟建设开采带来的投资机会价值,为矿业投资项目的投资决策提供一种更贴近实际情况的科学方法,提醒管理者关注并利用不确定性因素来获得更大的收益。     

购房者认知价值对“小产权房”购买行为的影响——以武汉市为例

研究目的:揭示购房者认知价值对小产权房购买行为的影响,测度购房者认知价值各类因子对小产权房购买行为的影响方向和程度。研究方法:文献资料法、问卷调查法、因子分析法、结构方程模型法。研究结论:1.小产权房购房者认知价值因子可分为功能服务、购买成本、持有风险、心理诉求。2.功能服务、购买成本、心理诉求对小产权房购买行为动机层面有正向影响,其中功能服务的影响程度最大;购买成本、功能服务对小产权房购买行为决策层面有正向影响,持有风险对小产权房购买行为决策层面有负向影响,其中购买成本的影响程度最大。     

土地市场中开发商行贿的损害研究

利用结构方程模型,以武汉、‘广州、南京三市的调研数据为例,在综合政府干预、同行行贿、收益感知三大影响因素的基础上,测度土地市场中开发商行贿对公众福利、市场运行、社会稳定所造成的损害。观测变量与潜变量之间、各对应潜变量之间关系显著。经研究发现,开发商行贿的“后果,,有特定的ct前因”,而这种‘‘前因’’酝酿的‘‘后果’’具有明显负面性,即开发商行贿损害了公众福利、市场运行和社会稳定,其不法交易成本已完全外部化,公众则是最大的买单者。     

电力商标分析及评估模型的构建

本文分析了电力商标的实质内涵，总结了电力商标的基本特征，在此基础上对商标的评估模型进行了创新构建，新建模型有两大特点：一是将商标收益分割为两部分计量；二是用强度系数进行了调整强化，为电力商标的评估提供一种新思路。     

基于生命周期的企业价值评估方法研究

随着中国市场经济结构不断完善和企业优化竞争速率的激增,企业价值评估的重要作用日渐凸显,企业价值评估方法封市场定价和企业价值观有着重要的导向作用。不同生命周期阶段,影响企业创造价值的因素不同,企业价值评估方法也应不同。本文依据企业生命周期理论,以现金流量模型为基础,结合企业所处的生命周期阶段,补充现金流量模型在评估企业价值时的不足之处,为企业寻找更加合理的价值评估方法。     

A graduates ’ satisfaction index for the evaluation of the university overall quality

In the higher educational setting, students provide a relevant contribution to the quality of educational services. In such a context, the measurement of the perceived quality and related satisfaction for the university experience are of primary interest to evaluate the efficiency and efficacy of the learning processes. In this contribution, we aim at assessing the overall quality of the graduates’ university experience in terms of internal and external efficacy by applying the ECSI (European Customer Satisfaction Index) methodology, based on structural equation models and primarily developed in the context of customer satisfaction. For this aim, we propose a modified ECSI model tailored for the higher educational setting, explicitly taking into account the differences among groups of degree program. The study is carried out on data collected by the AlmaLaurea surveys at the University of Florence (Italy) in the period 2014–2017 and concerns a sample of more than 2,000 graduates. We find out eight latent variables that contribute to define the overall quality of university experience. These variables are differently affected by the type of degree program, with the highest levels of external efficacy observed for degree programs belonging to the educational, health, and engineering groups. It also turns out that interventions on the internal efficacy (i.e., quality of hardware and quality of humanware) have a direct positive effect on the university (i.e., loyalty) and an indirect positive effect on the society (i.e., external efficacy).     

Measurement models for linking latent variables and indicators: A review of human resource management research using parcels

This paper first reviews the various measurement model options for linking latent variables to indicators that are available to human resource management (HRM) researchers. A special emphasis is placed on the option of parcels, created by combining subsets of items to form indicators. Next, a review is presented of 27 articles from the major HRM journals that have used parcels, with a focus on conceptual/theoretical and empirical issues. Recommendations for HRM researchers for improved use of parcels are also provided.     

生活方式对中国消费者购买行为的影响——以上海手机市场为例

本文主要研究生活方式对中国消费者购买行为的影响。选择手机作为研究对象,上海作为样本的选择地点,在问卷调查的基础上,借助探索性因子分析和确认性因子分析,创建并验证了中国人的生活方式度量量表。随后用结构方程模型对生活方式与购买行为之间的关系进行了研究,详细分析了生活方式各因子与购买行为之间的内在联系。最后,作者根据研究结果从生活方式的视角提出了一个全新的中国消费市场划分方法,帮助企业针对消费群体,定位、设计、生产、完善产品和实施有效的市场营销策略。     

农民征地补偿满意度实证研究

研究目的:对农民征地补偿满意度进行测算,探究农民征地补偿预期在实践中的实现程度及征地补偿薄弱环节。研究方法:因子分析、结构方程模型。研究成果:武汉市被征地农民征地补偿满意度总指数为53.28;农民对征地补偿程序和监督二因子的满意度较低;对公开透明性、民意反馈、矛盾调解、补偿形式、补偿数量各单项指标的满意度较低。研究结论:增强征地补偿的公开透明性,提高农民参与水平、完善矛盾调解机制,提高征地补偿标准、扩大征地补偿范围等有助于提高农民对征地补偿的满意度水平。     

Ecological-Inference-Based Latent Growth Models: Modeling Changes of Alienation

Ecological-inference-based statistical methods employ aggregated (ecological) data to approximately infer individual-level structures of interests when individual-level data were not available. Under the same conceptual frames, we introduce the ecological-inference-based latent growth model (EI-LGM) to analyze cross-years latent trends of a general population when longitudinally collected data were not available. We showed both the substantive values and methodological feasibilities of EI-LGMs. Substantively, we analyze results from several Taiwan Social Change Surveys (TSCS) to show the cross-years latent trends using a subscale of alienation psychological characteristics. Not only the cross-years movements of measurement constructs of the scale were shown, the trends of latent factors were revealed as well. More importantly, these trends can be formally tested under the frameworks of EI-LGMs. Statistically, EI-LGMs were implemented under the weighted least square (WLS) approaches because of the dichotomous outcomes of the subscale. We demonstrate some of the estimation methods as well as some cautions of interpreting EI-LGMs using the estimated results.Part of this paper was presented at the Fourth Survey Research Conference held at the Academia Sinica, Taipei, August 29–August 30, 2002.     

Do TFP and the relative price of investment share a common I(1) component?

Results from cointegration tests clearly suggest that TFP and the relative price of investment (RPI) are not cointegrated. Evidence on the alternative possibility that they may nonetheless contain a common I(1) component generating long-horizon co-variation between them crucially depends on the fact that (i) structural breaks are, or are not allowed for, and (ii) the precise nature and timing of such breaks. Not allowing for breaks, evidence points towards the presence of a common component inducing positive long-horizon covariation, which is compatible with the notion that the technology transforming consumption goods into investment goods is non-linear, and the RPI is also impacted upon by neutral shocks. Allowing for breaks, evidence suggests that long-horizon covariation is either nil or negative.Assuming, for illustrative purposes, that the two series contain a common component inducing negative long-horizon covariation, evidence based on structural VARs shows that this common shock (i) plays an important role in macroeconomic fluctuations, explaining sizeable fractions of the forecast error variance of main macro series, and (ii) generates ‘disinflationary booms’, characterized by transitory increases in hours, and decreases in inflation.     

The business cycle model with a unique stable limit cycle

This paper provides the mathematical foundation to the long-standing academic belief that Goodwin's 1951 nonlinear business cycle model has a unique stable limit cycle. In spite of the asymmetric nonlinearity of investment function, the model has certainly a unique stable limit cycle in an economically meaningful region. Once solution paths start from any initial point in the region, they all tend to the limit cycle without escaping from the region or hitting the ceiling or floor of investment during a transition period. The structural stability of the model prevents the limit cycle from vanishing in the face of small perturbations.     

浅谈价值工程与企业基本战略管理

价值工程(VE)作为一种系统化的管理技术,在企业生产和经营管理中都取得了显著的效果。并且随着时代的发展,应用范围将更加广泛。而企业的战略对企业的经营和发展都起着至关重要的作用,特别是在经济全球化的今天,把价值工程理论运用到企业的基本战略管理中,有利于企业提高效益,创造顾客价值、企业价值和社会价值。     

Incubator,technology, and innovation centres in Switzerland: features and policy implications

Only since the early 1990s, when unemployment rates in Switzerland soared to unprecedented levels, has federal technology and innovation policy begun to design their activities with regard to employment and the establishment of new firms. Now, all across the country, private as well as public incubator facilities, technology and innovation centres have begun to spring up. This paper starts by describing the theoretical and methodological background of a survey of incubator, technology and innovation (ITI) centres. In a first step, all cantonal offices for economic promotion were asked to report and to describe incubator facilities, technology and innovation centres within their realm. In a second step a selection of centres were analysed in depth. The key findings are that: (1) ITI centres are most commonly established by a combination of public and private initiatives; (2) the main motive for the creation of ITI centres is to promote startups and the innovative potential; (3) most ITI centres offer space to rent and make available joint amenities; (4) ITI centres are predominantly in manufacturing, services, and development activities; their level of technology input is high or very high; and (5) the spatial reach of most of the ITI centre is on the region. Together with selected foreign experiences, some conclusions and recommendations for the operation of such centres are formulated.     

Policy-driven ecosystems for new vaccine development

This paper examines the relationship between biomedical policies and entrepreneurial R&D strategies. Public health programs have been unable to provide effective and affordable treatment of infectious diseases for the poor. While governments have become more open to private sector contributions to policy objectives, it is rare to find new ventures commercializing healthcare innovations for neglected diseases. Two case studies of entrepreneurial ventures, in the UK and China, provide evidence on how resource-constrained firms mobilize participants in policy-specific ecosystems to achieve their goals of new vaccine development for tuberculosis. Ecosystem analysis reveals how the innovators’ business models can align their strategies with national policy objectives.