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1.
ABSTRACT

Almost all empirical research that has attempted to assess the validity of the Porter hypothesis (PH) has started from reduced-form models, for example, single-equation models for estimating the contribution of environmental regulation to productivity. This paper follows a structural approach that allows testing what is known in the literature as the ‘weak’ and the ‘strong’ version of the PH. Our ‘Green Innovation’ model includes three types of eco-investments to explain differences in the incidence of two types of eco-innovation, which are allowed to affect labor productivity. We allow for complementarity between the two types of eco-innovations. Using a comprehensive panel of Dutch manufacturing firm-level data we estimate the relative importance of environmental regulations on eco-investment and eco-innovations. The results of our analysis show a strong corroboration of the weak and a nuanced corroboration of the strong version of the PH.  相似文献   

2.
环境规制对产业绩效影响——对国外三种观点的理论综述   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
环境规制对产业绩效的影响,一直以来都是人们关心的热点问题,国外学者为此进行了大量的研究,形成了三种主要观点——传统观点、修正观点和综合观点。本文对这些观点进行了梳理和总结,希望能够有助于对这一问题的全面认识,并对我国相关问题的研究有所借鉴。  相似文献   

3.
    
The Porter hypothesis postulates that the costs of compliance with environmental standards may be offset by adoption of innovations they trigger. We model this hypothesis using a game of timing of technology adoption. We will show that times of adoption will be earlier if the non-adoption tax is higher. The environmental tax will turn the preemption game with low profits into a game with credible precommitment generating higher profits (pro-Porter). If there is a precommitment game without environmental taxes, the introduction of a tax will lead to lower profits (anti-Porter). An evaluation of the empirical literature indicates that the Porter hypothesis will hold even for profit-maximizing firms under multiple market imperfections such as imperfect competition, X-inefficiency, and agency costs. These are more likely to be present in sectors with large firms. In many case studies that we have evaluated, though, we detected an element of explicit or implicit subsidies for environmentally friendly behaviour, which is in line with Pigovian policies.  相似文献   

4.
在查阅研究大量资料基础上, 对比分析了 I S O 14000 环境管理体系国际标准与中国绿色食品发展的关系。从湖北省农业环境、农业资源特点出发, 分析湖北省绿色食品发展概况。最后对神农架的绿色食品开发提出了有益的建议。  相似文献   

5.
沈璐  陈素梅 《技术经济》2020,39(10):1-8+18
以2017年用能权交易试点作为准自然实验,选取2015—2018年A股上市工业企业为样本,使用双重差分法实证检验了用能权交易对企业绿色创新的影响。研究发现:①用能权交易政策显著诱发了试点地区企业绿色发明专利创新,而非绿色实用新型专利创新。②该政策的诱发效应在非国有或迁移成本高或融资约束程度低的企业更为强烈。该结论意味着在建立全国统一的用能权交易市场的同时,还需进一步精准定位用能企业性质,有针对性地制定差异化用能权交易配套政策。  相似文献   

6.
环境管制对技术创新的影响新探   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
本文探讨了环境管制对技术创新的直接影响机制,并运用SCP范式分析了环境管制对技术创新的间接影响。  相似文献   

7.
“污染避难所”假说在中国的实证检验   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
"污染避难所"假说认为,发展中国家如果自愿实施较低环境标准,则将成为世界污染的集中地.本文通过建立FDI与环境标准的关系模型得出,环境规制对FDI的影响在统计上虽然显著但是程度很小,中国并末成为世界"污染避难所".  相似文献   

8.
环境规制对中国产业技术创新的影响   总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15  
赵红 《经济管理》2007,(21):57-61
本文在论述环境规制对技术创新影响机制的基础上,运用中国标准产业分类中18个两位数产业1996~2004年的面板数据,实证分析了环境规制对中国产业技术创新的影响。结果发现,环境规制对滞后3期的g&D支出和专利申请数量有显著的正效应,环境规制强度每提高1%,g&D支出增加0.19%,专利数量增加0.30%,表明环境规制在中长期对技术创新有一定的激励作用,“波特假说”在中国得到部分证实。  相似文献   

9.
基于\"波特假说\"和双元理论,以双元创新为中介变量,以环境动态性为调节变量,探讨环境规制对企业绩效的内在影响机理,通过利用中国A股上市公司2013—2017年的数据进行实证分析,结果发现:(1)环境规制对企业绩效具有显著的促进效应,支持了\"波特假说\";(2)探索式创新在环境规制与企业绩效之间发挥了部分中介作用,而开发式创新在两者关系间的中介作用未得到显著性体现;(3)环境动态性不仅增强了环境规制与企业绩效之间的关系,同时也强化了探索式创新和开发式创新分别与企业绩效间的关系。  相似文献   

10.
孙金花  徐琳霖  胡健 《技术经济》2021,40(10):10-22
环境问题是影响我国生态经济健康发展的关键,而积极释放环境履责信号来推动绿色技术创新发展则是企业应对经济高质量发展的必然途径,特别是在互联网传媒带来的网络舆论效应凸现的当下,媒介公众的外部舆论压力已成为企业开展绿色创新活动的新驱动力.基于此,本文尝试从环境责任视角,探究公众、媒介外部舆论压力对企业绿色技术创新能力的内在作用机制,引入环保投资作为调节变量,构建相应理论模型,并以2012—2018年重污染上市公司数据为样本,运用固定效应模型开展了实证研究.结果表明:公众关注对企业绿色技术创新具有显著正向影响;媒介关注与企业绿色技术创新间存在\"倒U型\"关系;公众关注与媒介关注间存在显著的交互作用,且在提高企业绿色技术创新方面存在替代效应;环境责任在媒介关注与企业绿色技术创新的非线性关系中具有完全中介作用;环保投资强化了媒介关注与企业绿色技术创新间的非线性关系,但削弱了公众关注对企业绿色技术创新的影响.  相似文献   

11.
    
We consider the performance of small and medium sized enterprises in Dutch horticulture under different environmental policy regimes across time. We address the question whether technical performance differs under these alternative regulatory regimes to test Porter's hypothesis that stricter environmental regulation reduces technical inefficiency. For this purpose, we use a stochastic production frontier framework allowing for inclusion of policy variables to measure the effect of alternative environmental policy regimes on firms' performance. The main result is that stricter environmental policy regimes have indeed reduced technical inefficiencies in Dutch horticulture. The estimation results indicate amongst others that the 1997 agreement on energy, nutrient and pesticides use enhances technical efficiency. Firms under the strict environmental policy regime are found to be more technically efficient than those under a lax regime, thereby supporting the claims by Porter and Van der Linde (Porter, M., Van der Linde, C., 1995. Green and Competitive: Ending the stalemate. Harvard Business Review 73, pp. 120-137) concerning Dutch horticulture.  相似文献   

12.
Many countries fear that adopting a domestic tradable quota system for greenhouse gases that requires all emitters to pay for their quotas may lead to closures of emissions-intensive industrial companies. The starting point of this paper is that a government, to avoid firm closure, has opted to allocate quotas free of charge to emission-intensive industries. The aim of this paper is to explore to what extent making the free quotas tradable or non-tradable will affect investment in new abatement technology and firm closure. The conclusion is that the expectations about future product prices and the number of quotas distributed free of charge are crucial for the difference in the properties of tradable and non-tradable quotas.  相似文献   

13.
    
One particularly vexing puzzle for economists and policymakers over the past several decades concerns the empirical significance of the theoretically predicted pollution haven hypothesis. While neoclassical theory and conventional wisdom both surmise that local economies will suffer deleterious effects from stricter environmental regulations, empirical studies have largely failed to validate such claims. This study utilizes the method of matching to show that the impact of stricter regulation is heterogeneous spatially, varying systematically based on location-specific attributes. Previous studies that assume a homogenous response may therefore inadvertently mask the overall impact of more stringent regulations by pooling unaffected and affected regions.JEL Classification: Q25, Q28, H00, L51, R1The authors wish to thank to Michael Crew, Anthony Heyes, an anonymous referee, Werner Antweiler, Randy Becker, Wayne Gray, Shelby Gerking, Michael Greenstone, Vern Henderson, and Arik Levinson. Participants at various university seminars and conferences also lent useful insights to this line of research.  相似文献   

14.
交叉上市、投资者保护与企业价值   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
本文基于约束假说理论,对在香港交叉上市①的内地A股上市公司展开研究。研究发现,由于受到发达资本市场严格的法律制度、证券法规的约束,受到更高的信息披露标准制约,降低了投资者获取信息的成本,给投资者提供了更好的保护,使企业价值增加。  相似文献   

15.
张西征  刘志远  王静 《当代经济科学》2012,(4):95-102,127,128
本文利用世界银行对我国投资环境的调查数据,使用联立方程组控制融资约束、投资规模和企业增长之间的内生性,检验政府管制负担对企业增长的影响。研究发现,政府管制负担和法律保护程度都对企业增长产生影响,并且政府管制负担的作用力更强;政府管制负担不仅增加了企业的融资约束程度,而且降低了企业投资规模,这都会抑制企业的增长速度。本研究的政策启示是,政府在进行经济管制时,要以不增加企业负担为前提,否则,不但不能弥补市场机制的不足,而且会抑制企业增长速度。  相似文献   

16.
Is there a case for preferential treatment of the exposed sector in an economy when compliance to an aggregate emissions constraint induced by an international environmental agreement is mandatory? This question is being debated in many countries in the context of the implementation of the Kyoto Protocol. We address the issue in a general equilibrium framework and theoretically cover several market structures, including perfect competition, the large country case and oligopoly. We identify the conditions under which preferential treatment of the exposed sector is not warranted from the point of view of maximizing social welfare. In addition, we demonstrate that in the case of oligopoly, instituting a more stringent environmental policy on the exposed sector might be profit-enhancing for this sector. This finding lends theoretical support to a specific interpretation of the Porter hypothesis.  相似文献   

17.
利用2000—2010年中国内地30个省市面板数据,对环境规制与技术进步的关系进行实证研究。结果表明,基于全国层面的分析,环境规制对技术进步有正向影响;基于地区层面的分析,环境规制对技术进步的影响具有明显的区域差异,东部地区为正面效应,中部和西部地区为负面效应。在此基础上,验证环境规制对于技术进步的影响呈现倒“N”型曲线特征。针对研究结果,提出相应的政策建议。  相似文献   

18.
Environmental Regulations and Managerial Myopia   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2  
It has recently been claimed that, contrary totraditional neoclassical theory, suitably chosenenvironmental regulation is often beneficial for theregulated firms because it induces cost-reducinginnovations. I analyze the extent to which thisposition is compatible with microeconomic analysis. Itturns out that even in a framework in whichorganizational inefficiencies might lead tounderinvestment, environmental policy can onlyincrease firm profits if several very specificconditions are met. These conditions concern the typeof policy, the extent of inefficiencies, the costs ofpotential innovation projects and their effect onproductivity and abatement costs.  相似文献   

19.
2019年的中央经济工作会议指出,在经济下行压力加大的形势下,要把稳增长放在更重要的位置,而目前全球面临着日益严峻的环境形势,企业创新以及充足的资金流是保护和改善环境的关键,是实现绿色可持续发展的必经之路。基于此,选取2014—2018年沪深A股上市公司的数据,建立了回归模型来探究环境规制、融资约束与企业创新之间的关系,旨在为实现企业绿色、创新发展提供借鉴意义。研究发现:环境规制和融资约束均对企业创新有着显著的负向作用,即随着环境规制强度以及融资约束水平的提高,企业创新能力会下降,主要表现为研发投入的减少;融资约束在环境规制与企业创新的关系中存在着部分中介效应。最后根据研究结论,分别从政府、企业角度提出相关的对策建议。  相似文献   

20.
不同类型环境规制下中国工业绿色转型问题研究   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
彭星  李斌 《财经研究》2016,(7):134-144
资源环境约束下,通过环境规制设计来激励绿色技术创新及推动工业绿色转型具有重要意义。但现有研究忽视了不同类型环境规制及不同地区不同类型环境规制的差异性,因而难以提出有针对性和差异化的规制政策,进而难以有效促进工业绿色转型。文章在区分不同类型及不同地区不同类型环境规制的基础上,运用动态面板模型检验了环境规制对工业绿色转型的非线性影响效应。研究结果表明:不同类型环境规制对工业绿色转型的影响存在异质性,命令控制型环境规制的非线性影响效应并不存在,但经济激励型环境规制与自愿意识型环境规制的增强,可明显提高绿色技术创新水平及促进工业绿色转型。东部地区命令控制型环境规制并未对绿色技术创新及工业绿色转型形成有效激励,但经济激励型环境规制与自愿意识型环境规制的正向促进效应明显。中西部地区命令控制型环境规制有着负向影响效应,经济激励型环境规制和自愿意识型环境规制对绿色技术创新和工业绿色转型的激励效应不明显。文章对于不同类型环境规制的衡量有利于未来进一步扩展和细分环境规制的类型,以深入探讨不同类型环境规制的协同效应;研究结论对科学设定环境规制强度和合理选择环境规制形式以激励绿色技术创新及推动工业绿色转型具有启示意义。  相似文献   

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