环境不确定性、内部控制与审计意见的实证研究

以2010-2013年我国A股上市公司为研究样本,实证检验了环境不确定性及内部控制质量对审计师审计意见的影响。研究发现,环境不确定性提高了审计风险,与审计师出具的非标准审计意见呈正向关系;高质量的内部控制将有助于缓解环境不确定性对非标准审计意见的影响。结论表明:随着外部环境不确定性的增加,企业内部控制作为一种风险免疫系统,有助于降低环境不确定性对审计意见的影响,因此加强内部控制建设对企业而言具有重要意义。     

财务困境公司审计意见购买行为研究 ——来自持续经营审计意见的经验证据

公司持续经营是学术界和实务界日益关注的重要话题.本文从持续经营审计意见角度,对财务困境公司的审计意见购买行为进行了研究,结果发现:财务困境公司不仅会为规避非标审计意见而进行审计意见购买,还会进一步为规避持续经营审计意见而进行审计意见购买.相对而言,财务困境公司规避非标审计意见的动机弱于非财务困境公司,而规避持续经营审计意见的动机强于非财务困境公司.进一步研究发现,财务困境公司为规避持续经营审计意见而进行审计意见购买后,股票市场表现变好、可获得贷款增加,但经营业绩却持续恶化.这表明,审计意见购买虽可暂时帮助财务困境公司"摆脱"持续经营疑虑,但却会损害审计意见的决策有用性、降低资本市场资源配置效率.本文从持续经营审计意见角度,进一步拓展和细化了审计意见购买的相关研究,研究结论对于政策制定部门完善持续经营审计准则,以提高审计师对上市公司尤其财务困境公司持续经营风险评估的准确性,遏制其审计意见购买行为具有一定启示.     

内部控制质量对创业板上市公司财务风险的影响研究

近年来内部控制对上市公司财务风险的作用机制引起了实务界和学术界的关注。文章从公司内部控制的视角切入，利用2018—2020年间创业板上市公司公开发布的相关财务数据以及迪博公司发布的内部控制指数，研究内部控制质量对创业板上市公司财务风险的影响。研究发现：我国创业板上市公司内部控制质量越高，财务风险越低，且在不同产权性质、不同绩效表现的公司中具有显著性差异，这一结论在进行稳健性检验后依然成立。基于研究结论，文章提出了相关对策建议，对创业板上市公司提高其内部控制质量以降低财务风险从而实现高质量稳定发展具有参考价值。     

内部控制质量对审计意见的影响研究

作为建立和完善现代企业制度的重要组成部分,促使上市公司建立和完善内部控制已成为国内外监管部门、学术界、实务界关注的重要问题。利用我国上市公司内部控制指数,本文检验了内部控制质量与审计师签发的审计意见之间的关系,研究发现:企业内部控制质量越高,有助于审计师签发的更好的审计意见。本文研究结果表明,我国上市公司的内部控制建设取得了明显的效果,同时,我国审计师的审计独立性有所增强,审计行为趋于理性。     

高质量内部控制与隐性高管腐败行为研究

腐败是公认的社会毒瘤,而高管腐败作为腐败在经济领域的渗透,对整个社会和经济也具有严重的破坏性.本文以2011~2014年A股上市公司数据作为样本,着重检验内部控制是否能够充当遏制高管腐败行为的有效机制与手段.本文研究结果表明,高质量内部控制的确显著地有助于缓解隐性高管腐败行为.此外,我们还发现,依赖于内部控制来缓解隐性高管腐败的做法仅对于聘用了非"四大"客户的公司成立,这也从侧面表明高质量的外部审计对于缓解隐性高管腐败行为也具有显著作用.本研究对于如何抑制高管腐败行为相关研究与实践具有参考意义.     

上市公司审计、财务困境与会计师事务所更迭——基于2000-2003年上市公司数据的实证研究

上市公司会计师事务所的更换越来越引起市场、投资者以及研究者的关注。本文主要基于国外的相关研究和中国股市及上市公司的特征，提出八个研究假设，然后构建Logistic回归模型，依据2000-2003年上市公司年报数据进行假设检验，主要考察非标准审计意见、审计者规模、财务困境和审计迟滞与会计师事务所更迭之间的关系。综合Logistic回归分析结果，基本上可以认为，在同等条件下，上年度及本年度被出具非标准审计意见、由规模小的会计师事务所审计、每股经营现金流为负(处于财务困境中)、上年度和本年度审计迟滞时间长的上市公司更有可能更换会计师事务所。同时，被ST以及公司规模小的上市公司更有可能更换会计师事务所。     

投资机会、高质量审计与盈余的价值相关性

以2007-2011年我国A股上市公司为研究样本,从盈余价值相关性的视角检验了高质量审计和投资机会对会计信息质量的综合影响。研究发现,随着投资机会的增加上市公司盈余的价值相关性将显著下降,但若其聘请的是高质量审计师,则盈余价值相关性的下降幅度会有显著的降低,且这一治理效应只在非国有上市公司中显著存在。上述检验结果表明高质量审计一定程度上可以缓解高投资机会集公司的代理问题,从而提高会计信息质量。     

基于持续经营审计意见的企业退市风险预警研究

本文从持续经营审计意见的视角出发,结合我国上市公司2011—2013审计意见的总体情况以及上市公司财务经营等具体情况,分析上市公司持续经营审计意见的退市风险预警作用,为我国退市制度的完善提供建设性意见。     

债务期限结构、内部控制与审计费用

本文以2015年～2020年我国非金融类上市公司为研究对象,实证检验了债务期限结构、内部控制与审计费用的关系。研究发现：债务期限结构审计费用存在显著的正相关关系,即短期债务比例越高,公司的审计费用越高。进一步研究发现内部控制能够削弱债务期限结构和审计费用的正相关关系。并提出,应通过改善债务期限结构、健全和完善内部控制体系等方式提高企业的治理效率,降低其经营和财务风险,以降低审计费用,实现企业长远发展,维护审计市场健康发展。     

内部控制缺陷和审计费用关系的实证研究——基于上市公司违规情况的分析

研究内部控制缺陷和审计费用的关系有助于了解上市公司内部控制建设所引发的经济后果,也能够使上市公司在审计过程中占据更有利的地位.研究发现,上市公司存在的内部控制缺陷类型越多,审计风险越大,审计师收取的审计费用就越高.建立完善的内部控制制度有助于减少审计风险,降低审计成本.     

The Impact of Environment Uncertainty and Effectual Flexibility on Entrepreneurial Resource Combination: The Moderating Effect of Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy

Entrepreneurial resource combination is widely recognized as a key enabling factor to a new venture’s survival and growth, but how and why resources are integrated remain elusive. Borrowing from the theory of resource combination proposed by Sirmon, Hitt and Ireland (2007), this study empirically examines how environmental uncertainty impacts entrepreneurial resource combination. We also examine the mediating effect of effectual flexibility on the relationship between environmental uncertainty and entrepreneurial resource combination to see how new ventures utilize flexibility to neutralize the threat of environmental uncertainty. The moderating effect of entrepreneurial self-efficacy is also examined to see how entrepreneurs’ self-cognition affects these relationships. Examining data from 287 new ventures, we find that both environmental dynamism and environmental hostility have significantly positive influence on entrepreneurial resource combination (including entrepreneurial resource cohesion and entrepreneurial resource coupling). We also find that flexibility mediates the relationship between environmental uncertainty (including environmental dynamism and environmental hostility) and entrepreneurial resource combination. Empirical studies also show that entrepreneurial self-efficacy positively moderates the relationship between environmental dynamism and flexibility but negatively moderates the relationship between environmental hostility and flexibility. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.     

“Brexit”: A Case Study in the Relationship Between Political and Financial Market Uncertainty

This letter explores a single research question: How does political uncertainty, outside of the election cycle, influence financial market uncertainty? Using the UK (Brexit) referendum on EU membership as a novel event to examine this question, I identify a positive and well defined relationship between political and financial market uncertainty. Implied volatility in both UK and German financial markets rises as uncertainty around the polling result increases. Political uncertainty is most important for investors as the polling date draws near and in the instances when opinion polls indicate the outcome is particularly close. This result has implications for firms making financing and investment decisions, and investors making portfolio choices, around the time of important political events.     

高层管理者关系对创业导向的影响机制研究——一个有中介的调节模型

创业导向是企业价值增值,实现增长的战略选择.本文以机会获取为中介变量,以环境不确定性为调节变量,构建了一个有中介的调节效应模型,旨在揭示高层管理者关系对企业创业导向的影响机制.基于210家成熟企业数据的实证研究结果表明:高层管理者商业关系、政治关系对企业创业导向有正向影响,机会获取在高层管理者商业关系、政治关系与创业导向间发挥完全中介作用;环境不确定性削弱了高层管理者商业关系、政治关系对企业机会获取的直接效应,从而弱化了其对创业导向的间接效应.     

Uncertainty and Information Search Activities: A Study of Owner–Managers of Small High-Technology Manufacturing Firms

This study examines the relationship among perceived strategic uncertainty (PSU), environmental scanning, and the information sources used by owner–managers of a sample of 153 small high-technology manufacturing firms. The results suggest that increased scanning activities are associated with high levels of PSU. Perhaps most importantly, the results also suggest that owner–managers of younger firms respond to uncertainty differently than their counterparts in more mature firms. Specifically, owner–managers of younger firms appear to respond to higher PSU by relying more heavily on personal and external information sources. Owner–managers of older firms, on the other hand, rely more heavily on internal and impersonal information sources to address environmental uncertainty.     

内部控制缺陷、外部审计意见与真实盈余管理——基于新三板公司的实证研究

近两年,在新三板挂牌公司的数量突飞猛涨,该市场急剧扩容.基于此,本文以2015～2016年新三板公司经验数据为样本,探究该板块企业的内部控制缺陷披露的情况,分析内部控制缺陷程度、外部审计意见与企业真实盈余管理程度之间的相关性,进而从内外两种角度,探究前两者对新三板企业真实盈余管理程度的影响.研究结论为: 新三板公司内部控制缺陷披露程度与真实盈余管理程度为反向关系,外部审计意见与真实盈余管理程度呈正相关性.当管理层采取正(负)向真实盈余管理时,内部控制缺陷程度与真实盈余管理程度负(正)相关,而外部审计意见与盈余管理程度正(负)相关.     

Technology and Group Decision Process in Going-Concern Judgements

Accounting and auditing practices are continually being affected by advances in technology. This study empirically examined the effect of group decision processes and technological advances on group going-concern decision making. Groups with access to group decision support systems (GDSS) were compared to groups without access to GDSS for their going-concern judgments. The results show group discussion induced auditors to be more conservative and to consider factors which may have overlooked at the individual level, though neither structure significantly reduced the considerable variance in the individual going-concern judgments. Further, as compared to their counterparts in the face-to-face discussion groups, GDSS groups indicated much higher confidence in their group's final assessment of the client's going-concern status and a higher level of satisfaction and agreement with the group decision processes. The findings suggest that while group discussions did not significantly reduce auditors' considerable variance in going-concern judgments, future research should investigate which explicit models would improve the consensus on going-concern evaluations.     

Factors Associated with Opinion Seeking

Abstract

This study examines the relationship between opinion seeking and cultural values and individual characteristics in the context of electronic products by surveying cosmopolitan adults of 15 nationalities, namely, American, Australian, British, Dutch, Filipino, German, Hong Konger, Indian, Italian, Japanese, Malaysian, New Zealander, Singaporean, Swedish, and Thai. It finds (i) positive correlation between opinion seeking and power distance, category knowledge, category purchase intention, category innovativeness, opinion giving, market maven, brand loyalty, and susceptibility to interpersonal influence, (ii) negative correlation between opinion seeking and the masculinity and uncertainty avoidance cultural dimensions, category ownership, self-esteem, education, and age, and (iii) no correlation between opinion seeking and individualism, long-term orientation, and risk taking. It then discusses the managerial implications of the findings.     

环境不确定性、客户集中度与投资效率

基于大客户与企业间隐喻契约关系对企业专用性投资的传导性影响机理,从客户集中度研究视角切入,考察了环境不确定性约束条件下大客户对企业投资效率的影响机制与后果。研究发现,客户集中度对企业非效率投资存在“选择性”不对称影响,显著加剧了企业投资过度,却未导致企业投资不足;进一步分析表明,环境不确定程度是两者关系的调节性因素,不确定性较低时两者关系显著且稳健,不确定性较高时两者间不再具有显著关系。     

环境不确定性下农产品电子商务能力对企业绩效影响的实证研究

农产品电子商务是拓展农产品销售渠道、促进农业产业兴旺的重要力量。然而农产品电子商务企业亏损经营、甚至倒闭正成为该行业面临的巨大挑战。如何在复杂的市场环境下顺利开展农产品电子商务并获得企业绩效,亟需引起产业界和学术界的重视。基于动态能力理论,文章从组织敏捷性视角构建了环境不确定性下农产品电子商务能力对企业绩效的影响模型,讨论农产品电子商务能力对企业绩效的作用机制。实证结果表明,组织敏捷性对农产品电子商务能力和企业绩效之间的关系存在中介作用;环境不确定性的三个维度环境敌意、环境动态性和环境复杂性均阻碍了组织敏捷性对企业绩效的积极影响,但对农产品电子商务能力与组织敏捷性之间的关系没有显著调节作用。因此在环境不确定性下企业应合理配置自身的农产品电子商务能力,以此来提高组织敏捷性并获取竞争优势。     

The Influence of Customer Relationship Marketing Strategies on Supply Chain Relationships: The Moderating Effects of Environmental Uncertainty and Competitive Rivalry

Purpose: A firm's customer relationship marketing strategy also may affect its attitudinal loyalty toward its main supplier. Furthermore, environmental uncertainty and competitive rivalry could moderate this relationship. This research investigates both questions.

Methodology/Approach: The empirical study involves a structured survey of 141 industrial firms. A structural equation technique with EQS 6.1 estimated the causal model. Multi-sample analysis revealed whether environmental uncertainty and/or competitive rivalry act as moderators.

Findings: The influence of customer relationship marketing on attitudinal loyalty toward the main supplier is positive but indirect, working through effective communication, satisfaction, and trust. However, when environmental uncertainty is high, the negative direct effect becomes significantly more intense, and when competitive rivalry is high, the positive indirect effect through satisfaction and trust is less intense.

Originality/Value: This study explores potential new paths in the relationship marketing field. Most scholars focus on the influence of a firm's relationship marketing strategy on customers' loyalty, but no previous works consider its potential influence on the firm's relationship with other partners in the supply chain, notably its strategic suppliers.

Research Implications: Structured academic research on this topic is lacking, even though many firms have implemented customer relationship programs. Supply-side researchers must evaluate the effects of such programs. Furthermore, this study combines different theoretical approaches.

Practical Implications: Practitioners can use the findings to segment their customer base and develop specific programs adapted to each target.