中国投资、储蓄与消费之间关系的实证研究

中国经济要保持持续的高速发展,必须平衡好投资、储蓄与消费之间的关系。本文通过Solow黄金储蓄率的测算,发现1995年后中国的储蓄率居高不下。通过Chow Test对消费和GDP之间关系的检验,可以把1981～2008年中国经济分为两个阶段。通过对比发现1995年后,不论是消费倾向,或者是消费的GDP弹性都有较大降幅,而且消费开始不能拉动GDP增长。此外,本文分析了居民储蓄、企业储蓄和政府投资对于经济增长的作用变化,发现住房储蓄促进经济的作用有限,而通过减税提高企业储蓄能够提升经济发展潜力。     

资本积累在东亚和拉美经济发展中的作用

东亚、拉美经济发展中的一个重要差异在于,东亚国家的国民储蓄率高,经济增长也高;而拉美国家的国民储蓄率低,经济增长率也低。本文将主要从三个方面论证资本积累（储蓄的转化和利用）在东亚和拉美经济发展中的作用。首先,从储蓄与增长的因果关系看,传统理论认为,储蓄可以自动转化为投资,成为资本积累,从而推动经济增长,后来,理论界对于储蓄和经济增长孰因孰果有一些分歧。有些研究发现储蓄率的提高是经济增长的结果,而非经济增长的原因。世界银行在《东亚奇迹———经济增长与公共政策》的报告中也持这种观点。我们认为,储蓄和增长的关系应…     

国家审计在政府治理中的作用——基于我国经济增长的实证研究

本文采用我国1980—2009年的经济数据,通过柯布一道格拉斯函数对我国经济增长进行了实证分析．发现我国全要素生产率对经济增长的作用为负．劳动力投入和资本投入的弹性会和我国资源禀赋不一致、从而为国家审计是政府治理的重要工具．对推动我国达到“善治”起着重要作用提供了实证依据。     

对我国现阶段储蓄和投资转化的思考

当前中国经济呈现的特征是"高储蓄、高投资、双顺差",高储蓄率和高投资率长期持续,在经济增长初期,经济增长有赖于储蓄的增长,但随着我国经济已进入买方市场,高储蓄率只会阻碍经济的发展。而在储蓄、投资双高的局面下,存在投资效率低下,储蓄不能转化为有效投资的问题,这是我国经济中存在的重大问题。通过对我国储蓄和投资内在结构的分析,对我国投资与储蓄结构,以及储蓄向投资转化的过程中存在问题的原因进行讨论,并提出一些政策性建议。     

中国突破中等收入陷阱的经济学分析

研究目标：探讨发展中国家落入“中等收入陷阱”的经济学原因。研究方法：在对“中等收入陷阱”进行经济学理论分析基础上,用48个国家面板数据样本,进行经济减速和经济增长因素实证分析。研究发现：消费比重过高,外部负债和资本过度跨国流动不利于经济增长,特别是对中等收入国家经济增长更不利;国民收支内部失衡及其引发的外部失衡,特别是高消费导致内部失衡而引发外贸逆差和外部债务积累,是发展中国家落入“中等收入陷阱”的根源。研究创新：论述了发展中国家高消费引发“中等收入陷阱”的机理,并进行了实证检验。研究价值：有利于客观认识国内经济减速,把握好内需拉动经济增长和资本项目开放的“度”,避免追求持续高增长而出现宏观政策失误。     

人口红利与经济增长关系研究

实行改革开放以来,我国的经济取得了突飞猛进的增长,为此,世界很多国家都觉得不可思议,他们把这个现象叫做“中国奇迹”,并且认为我国人口转变出现的“人口红利”在经济发展中起到十分重要的作用。本文首先对人口红利的概念进行解释,接着主要是从劳动力、储蓄和公共投资三个方面分析了人口红利与我国经济增长的关系,以帮助我们正确地处理两者的关系,更好地促进我国经济的发展。     

从就业弹性的角度看我国的就业问题

一、改革开放以来我国就业弹性的变动趋势对于经济增长与就业增长之间的关系,通常使用“就业弹性”这一指标来加以描述。就业弹性也称就业的产出弹性,是指就业增长对经济增长变化的反映程度,即经济增长率每提高1%带来的就业增长率的变动。即,就业弹性=就业增长率/经济增长率。就业弹性把经济增长率与就业增长率联系在一起,在一定程度上反映了经济增长对就业人员的吸纳程度。由于就业问题日益成为我国经济社会生活中的焦点问题,特别是最近几年出现了所谓“高增长、低就业”的现象,引发了越来越多的人开始关注对我国就业弹性的研究。根据《200…     

城镇居民储蓄影响因素之浅析

长期以来,我国国内经济的主要特点之一是高储蓄、低消费.储蓄率是影响一国经济发展的一大重要因素,它的高低会对经济增长水平有着直接的影响.发展储蓄业务,在一定程度上可以促进国民经济比例和结构的调整.本文以城镇居民的数据为样本,引入可支配收入、利率、社会养老保险等变量建立回归方程,分析了各大因素对储蓄率的影响,从而得出相应的结论.     

会计信息质量与投资效率之关系研究

转轨以来,中国经济经历了高储蓄、高投资与高增长的发展历程。这种高储蓄一高投资的模式已经支撑了中国经济30年的高速增长,这是国内外研究中国经济问题的学者得出的一个共识。然而,已有的多数研究文献表明,在我国经济体制转轨以来的经济运行中,与高投资相伴随的是投资的低效率。这种投资的低效率经常性地以“过度投资“、重复建设以及大量的投资浪费等形式表现出来。     

中国企业短期融资券市场分析

缺乏可投资的金融产品,间接融资比重过高是中国金融市场两个非常鲜明问题.近些年我国居民储蓄增长迅速,相比之下可供投资的金融产品却极为短缺:储蓄一投资转化不畅使得大量储蓄类资产集中于银行体系,导致货币市场资金严重过剩.     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Ansätze und Ergebnisse anglo-amerikanischer M&A-Forschung

Based on a review of established U.S. management journals (1995–2003), six schools of thought are identified within the Anglo-American M&;A research: “Capital Market”, “Principal/Agent”, “Industrial Organization”, “Organizational Behavior”, “Human Resources” and “Strategic Management”. The literature review shows that the definition of M&;A success, the methods applied, and insights from empirical research differ according to the respective school of thought. Empirical studies focus on the resource combinations of merger partners, the specific circumstances of merger negotiations, and on integration management as antecedents of merger performance. Unfortunately, empirical findings have not yet provided reliable explanations for M&;A success. Based on the current state of Anglo-American M&;A research, the authors discuss implications for business practice, identify research gaps, and propose areas for future research.     

Introduction of New Technology with a Sound Transition of the Input-Output Structure

We examine the general equilibrium repercussions associated with the introduction of new technologies, using the generalized Leontief system that allows technological substitutions. We show that an untested introduction of cost-increasing technologies in any industry may result in creating a non-productive technological structure that does not satisfy the Hawkins-Simon condition, following the autonomous dynamic adjustment process with structural transitions in the economic system. Therefore, we propose a practicable control scheme of introducing cost-increasing technologies that strictly avoids the creation of non-productive structures in all periods of structural transition, using the available information on the ex ante technological structure.     

The Creation of the Office for National Statistics

A new Office for National Statistics was created in the United Kingdom in 1996 following a series of developments designed to strengthen the relevance and integrity of statistics. This paper describes these fundamental changes and sets out a blueprint for future progress. It also sets current developments in the United Kingdom in an historical and international context.     

What helps? Women engineers' accounts of staying on

We have considerable understanding of the obstacles that women engineers encounter and the reasons that they leave the field, but we know less about what enables them to remain. Adopting an interpretivist approach, this article examines how a group of British women engineers in two FTSE 100 companies account for “staying on” in their male‐dominated work settings. We delineate four specific forms of help that facilitate women's retention in the field. We argue that exposure to help leads to women developing a habitus that enables them to continue working in engineering. To conclude, we draw on our findings to outline HR practices that will facilitate supportive relationships in the workplace and pave the way towards developing more positive organisational climates.     

论现代物流企业的发展观

物流业经过诸多年的发展目前已经成为最热门的行业之一,物流企业的注册数量也与日俱增,达到前所未有的规模。毋庸置疑,任何企业都希望自己迅速做强做大,并成为真正现代物流企业的典型代表,要实现这一目标一个首要问题就是要解决现代物流企业的发展观问题。