互联网上的隐私权保护——由垃圾邮件引发的思考

垃圾邮件的泛滥也成为了互联网的一大棘手问题。网络用户于垃圾邮件的发出者并没有过联系，但确几乎所有的网络用户受到过垃圾邮件问题的困扰。这反映了网络个人数据资料隐私侵权的严重。本文将从网络隐私权、侵犯网络隐私权的构成要件、网络隐私权法律保护问题等方面对之进行简要论述。     

微信公众平台订阅号中的著作权侵权责任分析

微信公众平台成为当前最广泛使用的自媒体平台,但随之产生微信公众平台订阅号中的作品著作权侵权问题。很多微信公众平台订阅号在没有经过授权或经过许可的情况下将他人的作品推送给用户免费使用,还有许多用户经常将订阅号上的作品转发给其朋友或分享到朋友圈,而这些行为损害了原作者的权利,也破坏了微信公众平台的运行秩序,人们对微信公众平台订阅号上作品的侵权行为及其责任认识有分歧。探讨侵犯微信公众平台作品的著作权的行为及其侵权责任等问题,促进微信公众平台上微信作品的著作权保护。     

网络覆盖式广告行为侵权探析

覆盖式广告指互联网信息服务提供者在网络发布广告的过程中侵犯公民、法人或其它组织浏览权的行为。浏览权是消费者自己决定在他们的电脑屏幕上显示的内容的权利。浏览权是一种非物质形态的权益，属绝对权。网络覆盖式广告行为侵权的特征和构成要件与一般侵权不同。     

浅析网络隐私侵权责任的构成要件

网络隐私权是传统隐私权在网络环境下的延伸,其保护的隐私范围更加广泛。网络隐私侵权主体不仅包括与传统隐私侵权主体相似的直接实施侵权行为的网络用户,还包括网络服务提供者这一新的侵权主体。网络隐私侵权责任的构成要件较之传统隐私侵权责任的构成有其新的特点：侵权行为更加隐蔽,其表现形式更加多样化和复杂化;网络隐私具有经济价值导致在损害事实中出现了财产损害这一新形式。对网络服务提供者实施的侵权行为的归责原则,我国《侵权责任法》采用了过错责任原则。     

浅谈网络侵权中的几个问题——以方舟子诉崔永元案为例

随着网络进入每一个百姓的家里,各家各户都出现了一种新的生活方式:刷微博,聊微信,刷朋友圈。百万上班族和学生们也有了更多的抒发自己情绪、情感的途径。而在微博大行其道,社会生活中更多的言论自由可以得以发挥的同时,网络上的问题也是层出不穷,网络侵权现象也频频发生。通过对方舟子诉崔永元侵犯名誉权一案,来简单分析网络侵权中遇到的几个问题,可以给出一些网络法律监管上的建议。     

浅谈电商平台方在商标侵权中的法律责任

随着电子商务的发展,网络购物这种新的交易方式给人们带来方便的同时,也使商标权侵权现象频发,这让传统的商标保护制度面临巨大的挑战.本文以株式会社DHC等诉纽海商务公司等侵犯商标权及不正当竞争纠纷上诉案为切入点,对电商平台上网络店铺的性质进行分析,进而展开对电商平台方在商标侵权中应承担何种法律责任的问题的研究.     

专利侵权归责的等同原则研究

在设立专利制度的国家，对专利权的侵犯是常见的现象，因而“专利侵权的判定是整个专利法的核心部分”。判定被诉的产品或是否构成专利侵权时，最主要的就是要考查被诉侵权的产品或方法是否落入到专利权利要求的表述范围。等同原则的出现与适用，为判定专利侵权的成立提供了一套行之有效的方法。尽管中国专利法尚未明确建立等同原则；但是，在过去20年，各级法院在专利侵权案件的审判过程中不断探索，为等同原则的确立和适用奠定了基础。     

商业秘密的侵权行为认定及其保护

随着商业秘密技术价值的提升,侵犯商业秘密的案件数量逐年上升。在商业秘密侵权案件审理中,存在着诸如商业秘密侵权行为范围过窄、侵权行为认定模糊、侵权赔偿额计算标准不确定等问题。据此,文章在认定商业秘密侵权行为的基础上,提出应合理、适当放宽商业秘密侵权认定范围、明确其认定标准,细化商业秘密侵权赔偿额的计算依据。     

电子商务平台专利间接侵权责任研究

进入“互联网+”时代,电子商务在推动经济发展的同时,也对知识产权保护造成了巨大的冲击和挑战.专利权领域内,在他人利用电商平台实施侵犯专利权行为时,有关电商平台的法律地位和义务并无明确的法律规定,且由于专利侵权认定本身的专业性和复杂性,以及网络环境的特殊性,机械地使用《侵权责任法》中的“避风港”规则,并不能满足现实需要,有效打击网络专利侵权假冒行为,保护专利权人的合法权利,反而可能加重电商平台的负担,阻碍互联网行业的发展.为解决上述问题,除了通过立法设立电商平台应承担的法律义务,细化其专利间接侵权责任构成要件外,还应加强行政执法,深入推广专利联动执法机制.     

网络环境下的不正当竞争及其规制

网络环境下的不正当竞争主要发生在电子商务中。电子商务的健康发展需要市场主体间的正当竞争，排斥不正当竞争。电子商务实践中存在着诸如主体混同、商誉侵权、侵犯商业秘密、域名抢注以及垄断等不正当竞争行为，桎梏了电子商务的发展。对此应当从充分利用现有立法规制和不断完善立法约束两个方面寻求对策。     

基于互联互通与用户归属行为的平台定价与福利分析

在互联网即时聊天平台市场中,平台之间不能互联的问题导致越来越多的用户同时加入多个竞争平台,即多归属,以提高使用的便利性。但这种多归属给用户带来不便。针对此问题,本文分别从平台无互联与用户单归属、平台无互联与用户多归属和平台互联三个方面探讨了平台互联互通与用户归属行为对平台企业的定价、利润与社会福利等问题的影响,并对相关现象进行了解释。本研究认为,在依靠市场力量难以推动互联网即时聊天平台间实现互联的情况下,应通过政府干预来推动平台互联。     

To disclose or not? An analysis of software user behavior

We address the ongoing debates over disclosing information about software vulnerabilities through an open public forum. A game-theoretic approach is used to show that full public disclosure can be an equilibrium strategy in a game played by rational loss-minimizing agents. We provide conditions under which full disclosure of vulnerabilities improves social welfare and analyze the effect of vendor and product characteristics, as well as the composition of the pool of software users on the decisions to disclose. We also provide conditions under which user threats to vendors to disclose after a grace period or users’ ability to develop fixes themselves further improve welfare. The likelihood that user-developed fixes improve welfare increases with user familiarity with the details of software, providing an argument for “open source” software.     

Privacy rights in online interactions and litigation dynamics: A social custom view

We develop a social custom model where a population of social media users decide whether to remain online and accept the platform’s data-gathering policy or abandon the social media and litigate for privacy violations. By allowing the users’ concerns for informational security to co-evolve with the number of privacy-related trials, we find that the system may converge to multiple equilibria. When users put relative emphasis on the relational benefits of online interactions, privacy-related trials remain contained and the provider imposes no limitations to its data-gathering activities. Conversely, when users put relative emphasis on the privacy costs of web-mediated interactions, privacy-related trials become endemic and platforms modulate their data-gathering activities by mediating between profitability and the legal implications of their choice. We use these results to comment the recent shift in the users’ orientation towards online platforms and caution against the inability of institutions to keep up with the process of technological change.     

Piracy in a two-sided software market

This paper studies the impact of software piracy in a two-sided-market setting. Software platforms attract developers and users to maximize their profits. The equilibrium price structure is affected by piracy: license fees to developers are higher with more software protection but the impact on user prices is ambiguous. A conflict between platforms and software developers over software protection may arise: whereas one side benefits from better protection, the other party loses out. Under platform compatibility, this conflict is no longer present.     

移动社会化媒体技术接受与匹配影响因素研究——以移动微博客户端发布行为为例

移动微博是移动社会化媒体技术的典型代表,其技术与用户需求高度匹配,用户粘性日益提高,正逐渐改变着人们的联系方式,基于需求技术匹配理论和动机理论的整合拓展模型对用户使用移动终端发布微博的行为进行研究,用户需求特征和任务特征均对需求任务匹配有正向影响,最终对行为意愿产生影响。以感知有用性为代表的外部动机和以感知愉悦性为代表的内部动机对行为意愿也存在正向影响。对移动微博客户端提供商提升服务水平提供了新的思路。     

隐私关注与中国B2C电子商务客户忠诚度实证研究

个人信息对于B2C电子商务网站商家改善服务水平和促进销售有较大促进作用,但是当个人信息披露给网站商家后,还少有研究消费者不同的隐私关注程度对其网络购物行为和客户忠诚度是否或如何影响。本文通过问卷调查方式,基于沟通隐私管理理论,发现消费者在提供更多个人真实信息给网站商家后,隐私关注程度高的用户具有更强的网络购物忠诚倾向,而隐私关注程度低的用户具有较低的网络购物忠诚倾向。结果显示在线零售商应该重视对隐私关注度高的用户,并通过改善个人消费者隐私保护、网站安全水平,从而改善与消费者的信任关系,促进网站销售。     

官员隐私权与公众知情权博弈视角下的官员财产公示制度

官员财产公示制度是一种成本低却高效率的预防性、警诫性廉政机制,不仅可以很大程度地节省政府为廉政而花费的巨额行政费用,督促官员奉公守法,防止其谋取不当利益,而且通过财产信息公开,从根源上遏制腐败,维护社会的公平正义。从公共利益优先的角度可以折射出官员隐私权的有限性。官员的一些已经与其行使公共权力产生了联系的隐私行为已不再是民法所保护的隐私,而成了国家政治的一部分。为了社会政治及公共利益的需要,我们不得不对这部分隐私加以限制。但是,其不涉及公共利益的个人隐私依然神圣不可侵犯。在财产公示制度实行的过程中,要妥善处理好官员的隐私权与公众的知情权之间的矛盾。     

Ecologies of user knowledge: linking user insight in organisations to specific projects

Failure to meet user preferences continues to prevail as a major reason for innovation project failure despite wide arrays of methods and methodologies available for addressing it. The user research and user insight availability problem appears to have become replaced by a method and insight adequacy problem. This calls for the means to better address how organisations and project teams know their users, and how this knowing is intertwined in other organisational processes. A research challenge lies in developing representational templates that are both specific enough for addressing explicit and implicit user insight and encompassing enough for linking these to the relevant project and organisational issues. We develop such a representational template based on ecologies of knowledge mapping and discuss its potential through applying it to a comparative study on two social media web service projects of the Finnish National Broadcasting Company.     

社会资本视角下开放式创新平台用户行为研究

近年来，随着用户创新的不断发展，开放式创新平台越来越多地被企业用于收集用户创意。但目前，国内开放式创新平台实施状况并不理想，相关领域研究也存在空白。以美创平台为例，借助社会资本理论，采用社交网络分析方法对美创平台现有数据进行分析，挖掘平台认知性资本和结构性资本，并根据不同用户在交互过程中展现的特征（发布的创意数、对其他用户的评论数以及收到的评论数）对其进行分类。根据研究结果，将美创平台所有用户分成6类，并对美创平台提出相关建议，包括用户激励措施及管理策略。最后，对未来用户互动动机方面的研究进行了展望。     

Half a Century of Public Software Institutions: Open Source as a Solution to Hold‐Up Problem

We argue that the intrinsic inefficiency of proprietary software has historically created a space for alternative institutions that provide software as a public good. We discuss several sources of such inefficiency, focusing on one that has not been described in the literature: the underinvestment due to fear of hold‐up. An inefficient hold‐up occurs when a user of software must make complementary investments, when the return on such investments depends on future cooperation of the software vendor, and when contracting about a future relationship with the software vendor is not feasible. We also consider how the nature of the production function of software makes software cheaper to develop when the code is open to the end users. Our framework explains why open source dominates certain sectors of the software industry (e.g., programming languages), while being almost non existent in some other sectors (e.g., computer games). We then use our discussion of efficiency to examine the history of institutions for provision of public software from the early collaborative projects of the 1950s to the modern “open source” software institutions. We look at how such institutions have created a sustainable coalition for provision of software as a public good by organizing diverse individual incentives, both altruistic and profit‐seeking, providing open source products of tremendous commercial importance, which have come to dominate certain segments of the software industry.