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1.
In this paper we investigate the ability of a number of different ordered probit models to predict ratings based on firm-specific data on business and financial risks. We investigate models which are based on momentum, drift and ageing, and compare them with alternatives which take the initial rating of the firm and its previous actual rating into account. Using data on US bond issuing firms, as rated by Fitch, over the years 2000 to 2007, we compare the performances of these models for predicting the ratings both in-sample and out-of-sample using root mean squared errors, Diebold-Mariano tests of forecast performance and contingency tables. We conclude that both initial and previous states have a substantial influence on rating prediction.  相似文献   

2.
Credit rating agencies (CRAs) contend their ratings contain a quantitative assessment based on hard information, and a qualitative adjustment based on private information. We study if the qualitative portion of ratings, generated with the companies’ own private information, contains valuable information for equity investors. We generate predicted ratings based on hard information alone and form portfolios of stocks based on the difference between observed and predicted ratings. Over a sample from 1998 to 2018, we find that stock portfolios formed on the basis of private information generate 2% to 4% in annual risk-adjusted returns. We also find that companies with positive private information have better future accounting performance. Our results suggest that CRAs bring valuable information to the market and investors could benefit from it.  相似文献   

3.
关于构建我国保险信用评级制度的思考   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
保险信用评级制度是为市场参与者提供服务的一种机制,虽然保险信用评价制度已有近百年的历史,但是在中国等发展中国家,信用评级机构还比较少,信用评级制度急需完善。文中从各个方面讨论和思考了我国保险信用评级制度的构建问题,对我国保险信用评级制度起了一定的推动作用。  相似文献   

4.
农业和农村经济发展面临巨大的信贷约束,究其原因,信用资源的匮乏是影响农村经济组织信贷融资的重要因素。而农村社会资本具有经济担保作用,从社会资本视角,对农村信贷融资的信用保障机制进行深入研究,探究农村社会资本的资金调配功能,通过农村社会资本的信用价值及其局限性分析,寻求农村金融体系重构的有效路径。  相似文献   

5.
This paper sets up a dynamic model that analyzes a bank's capital decision and the impact of this decision on her default risk and lending that affects aggregate output in the economy under regulation. The model shows that even though capital regulation may reduce the default risk of the bank, it may lead to credit crunch, hence the ensuing decline in output in the real sector. Furthermore, it appears that the risk-based capital requirement changes the composition of both liability and asset of the bank's balance sheet.  相似文献   

6.
    
The rapid development of Chinese online loan platforms (OLPs), as well as their risks, has attracted widespread attention, increasing the demand for a complete credit rating mechanism. The present study establishes a credit rating indicator system for 130 mainstream Chinese OLPs that combines 12 quantitative metrics of online loan operations similar to commercial bank credit rating indicators, including platform transaction volume and average expected rate of return. We also consider two qualitative indicators of online loan background, namely platform background and guarantee mode, that reflect Chinese characteristics. Subsequently, a factor analysis was conducted to reduce the 14 indicators’ dimensions. The loads of the rating indicators in the resulting rotating component matrix were refined into an OLP operation scale factor, fund dispersion factor, security factor, and profitability factor. Finally, a K-means clustering algorithm was employed to cluster the factor scores of each OLP, thereby obtaining credit rating results. The empirical results indicate that the proposed machine learning–based credit rating method effectively provides early warnings of problem platforms, yielding more accurate credit ratings than those provided by two mainstream online loan rating websites in China, namely, Wangdaitianyan and Wangdaizhijia.  相似文献   

7.
自著名的MM理论提出以来,西方许多学者一直在做放松MM理论前提假设的努力,以图更好地解释现实世界。在此基础上诞生的权衡理论、顺序偏好理论等学说对理论界和实务界都产生了很大的影响,其中的代理成本理论和控制权理论更是深刻地揭示了资本结构和公司治理的联系。针对我国新兴证券市场及转型经济的现状,结合一些最新的研究成果和实际情况,本文尝试从理论角度分析我国上市公司的资本结构与公司治理的互动影响。  相似文献   

8.
    
In this paper we present and discuss a Macroeconomic Agent-Based Model with Capital and Credit (CC-MABM) which builds upon the framework put forward by Delli Gatti et al. (2011). The novelty of this model with respect to the previous framework consists in the introduction of a stylized supply chain where upstream firms – i.e. producers of capital goods (K-firms) – supply a durable and sticky input (capital) to the downstream firms, who produce consumption goods (C-firms) to be sold to households. Both C-firms and K-firms resort to bank loans to satisfy their financing needs. There are two-way feedbacks between firms and markets which yield interesting emerging properties at the macro level. We show that the interaction of upstream and downstream firms and the evolution of their financial conditions – in a nutshell: Capital and Credit – are essential ingredients of a “crisis” i.e. a sizable slump followed by a long recovery.  相似文献   

9.
本文利用我国各省市、自治区的数据,从地区单个银行的成本效率出发,构建了一个反映地区银行体系信贷配置效率的指标,然后将其纳入增长方程式进行回归,从而分析了地区银行体系效率与我国地区经济增长之间的关系。本文假定银行体系的效率能在较大程度上刻画银行系统在甄别借款人、促进资本的最优配置方面的作用,因而本文的研究实际上检验了我国银行体系优化信贷配置能力的变化对经济增长的影响。最后的结论是,我国的银行体系在经济增长中不仅具有资本积累效应,而且具有信贷配置效应。  相似文献   

10.
我国上市公司大多偏好于股权融资,这与西方经典的融资优序理论大相径庭,目前大多数分析资本结构的相关文章都认为我国上市公司资本结构存在着巨大的缺陷,而笔者认为不能单从理论上去判断一个上市公司资本结构的好坏,而应该结合公司所处的整体环境进行分析。本文先对融资优序论与我国上市公司偏好相悖进行简要回顾,接着分析目前我国上市公司的资本结构的优劣,而后选取了在2004年初刚完成整体上市的TCL集团进行个案研究,并从该公司所处的具体环境出发,对其急欲上市融资的行为进行了综合分析。  相似文献   

11.
    
We investigate stock price reactions to credit rating changes during competing economic environments. Prior research has shown that credit rating assignments differ during times of economic expansion and economic contraction. We investigate if equity prices adjust differently to changes in credit quality in different economic environments. Our results show that markets react more strongly to negative ratings news during times of economic contraction. When the economy is expanding, markets also overreact by pushing prices higher than they otherwise would during an economic downturn.  相似文献   

12.
    
Evidence indicates that consumer durables are more flexibly priced than nondurable goods and services. In otherwise standard two-sector neoclassical sticky-price models with flexible durable prices, following monetary tightening, nondurables decrease but consumer durables increase. Friction in lending between households can resolve the comovement problem if durable prices are sticky. However, if durable prices are flexible, friction in lending fails to generate joint decline. This paper resolves the co-movement problem by adding capital into a model with flexible durable prices and friction in lending. When capital is needed in production, monetary tightening reduces the relative price of durables which induces investment and decreases firms' real profits in the short run. Due to fewer profits remitted from firms, savers have a lower disposable income and cannot increase expenditures on consumer durables as much as otherwise. As a consequence, aggregate consumer durables decrease and there is a joint decline of nondurables and consumer durables.  相似文献   

13.
资本结构与财务目标实现程度的相关性分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文以现金流量最大化作为企业财务目标的衡量标准,以资产负债率作为资本结构的衡量指标,选取了部分行业的部分上市公司为样本,在确定“最优资本结构区间”的基础上,分别运用单因素方差分析和列联表分析两种统计方法,对企业的资本结构与财务目标实现程度的相关性进行了实证分析,得出了二者显著相关的结论,从而为最优资本结构区间确定方法的科学性提供了经验证据。  相似文献   

14.
资本结构理论是西方当代财务理论的主要研究成果之一,它是基于实现企业价值最大化或股东财富最大化的目标,对企业长期债务资本和权益资本的构成比例及其变化情况进行研究。本文介绍了资本结构理论的历史演进,并对其发展变化及研究成果进行评价。  相似文献   

15.
We investigate claims of regional bias in the sovereign credit ratings given by the rating agencies Fitch, Moody’s and Standard & Poor’s by considering a wide range of macroeconomic, financial, institutional, regional and geopolitical indicators for 99 countries categorized into eight regions plus the United States. Empirical results based on seemingly unrelated regressions indicate a strong home country bias towards the United States, while there seem to be no special biases against individual groups of countries. We also demonstrate how modeling errors such as omitted variables can increase dispersion in the estimated regional effects, causing agencies to appear biased.  相似文献   

16.
本文以现金流量最大化作为企业财务目标的衡量标准,以资产负债率作为资本结构的衡量指标,选取了部分行业的部分上市公司为样本,在确定“最优资本结构区间”的基础上,分别运用单因素方差分析和列联表分析两种统计方法,对企业的资本结构与财务目标实现程度的相关性进行了实证分析,得出了二者显著相关的结论,从而为最优资本结构区间确定方法的科学性提供了经验证据。  相似文献   

17.
本文资本结构理论论进行了综合研究与评述,并对资本结构定量决策的每股收益分析法和比较资金成本法,对资本结构理论及目前资本结构定量决策方法存在的问题作了全面的分析研究,以其对企业财务管理理论研究与教学参考。  相似文献   

18.
我国上市公司存在股权融资偏好,而西方企业优先偏好内部融资,其次是债务融资,最后才是股权融资,即所谓的优序融资理论。为什么我国上市公司的融资选择不符合该理论,本文通过对上市公司资本结构与融资行为的影响因素研究后发现,我国当前特殊的资本市场以及在此基础上的公司治理结构等制度性因素影响,是造成上市公司股权融资偏好行为的重要因素。  相似文献   

19.
我国上市公司融资风险及其防范   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
面对竞争更加激烈的国内资本市场,我国上市公司必须通过加强融资风险的防范来获得融资的竞争优势。本文从我国上市公司融资的实际状况出发,分析了上市公司融资风险现状以及成因,提出了通过提高融资效率、优化资本结构、建立融资风险预警系统和完善公司治理结构等措施来降低和防范公司的融资风险。  相似文献   

20.
资本结构是企业融资决策的核心内容,资本结构是否合理关系到企业经营绩效的高低、财务目标的实现和能否可持续发展。本文基于现代资本结构理论,运用比较分析法剖析了纺织服装上市公司资本结构的现状、问题和形成的内部因素,并提出了优化纺织服装上市公司资本结构的对策。  相似文献   

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