上海自由贸易试验区制度创新的外溢效应研究--以常熟市为例

中国（上海）自贸试验区核心任务是制度创新,主要涉及贸易监管制度、金融制度、政府治理制度、投资管理制度、税收制度等领域,这些改革措施在上海自贸试验区一旦实施成熟,将在国内其他城市相继推广。作为紧邻上海的港口型城市,常熟必将受到上海自贸区制度创新的“虹吸效应”影响,其部分高级人力资源、资本、企业等资源可能会向上海转移。但从长远来看,上海自贸区制度创新将给常熟带来更多的辐射效应,有利于常熟承接新一波产业转移、发展先进制造业与现代生产性服务业、升级港口经济、提升经济国际化水平等。据此提出常熟做好与上海自贸区部门有效对接、提升常熟经济配套服务上海自贸区产业能力,做好高端项目引资准备,提升常熟港开放度及综合服务能力、大胆尝试开放性经济制度创新,转变政府职能等一系列对策。     

Vertical trade and free trade agreements

We investigate the effects of free trade agreements (FTAs) on tariffs and welfare in vertical trade. We consider a three-country model, where an FTA is formed between a country exporting a final good and a country exporting an intermediate good. The FTA unambiguously leads to a reduction in the member country’s tariff, but may cause the non-member country’s tariff level to increase. In the case, where FTA raises the non-member country’s tariff level, the FTA increases that country’s welfare. In contrast, the FTA may render its member countries better off. This result implies that the formation of an FTA may not always be Pareto-improving.     

The effect of tariff reductions on firm size and firm turnover in canadian manufacturing

Using panel data on 81 Canadian manufacturing industries over the 1983–1996 period, the authors show that the estimated impact of recent tariff cuts was a positive and significant increase in the exit rate of firms. Supplementing this finding with recent research showing, that exiting firms tend to be less productive than those that survive, this provides support for recent trade models asserting that increased exposure to international trade induces the exit of least efficient firms, thereby contributing to productivity growth. JEL no. F1, L6     

Effective rates of protection revisited for Indonesia

This paper calculates nominal and effective rates of protection for Indonesian tradables sectors in early 2008, and compares these figures with previous calculations for 1987 and 1995. Such a review is overdue. Many non-tariff barriers to imports and exports have been abolished, though new import restraints on rice and sugar are notable exceptions to this trend. Import tariffs have been lowered, particularly through regional preferential trade arrangements. We account for such arrangements in two different ways. Export taxes persist in certain natural resources sectors, but most rates have been reduced. We find that more than half of the effective support provided to tradable products sectors now comes from subsidies on fuels, fertiliser, electricity and liquefied petroleum gas, rather than from trade policies per se. Duty drawbacks and exemptions for exporters boost the effective rate of protection for tradables sectors overall by a small fraction of 1%, and for no input–output sector by more than 3%.     

贸易冲突常态化背景下中国企业的创新发展

在贸易冲突常态化背景下,中国企业面临的不确定性增加,要实现科技强国目标,只能依靠企业自身的自主创新道路,只有创新才是企业转型发展的重要着力点.以中国企业创新发展为研究对象,分析其在贸易冲突常态化背景下的发展情况,认为中国企业创新能力虽处于持续上升阶段,但贸易政策不确定性仍对其产生重要影响.针对创新过程中面临的科研投入不足、创新意识较弱等问题,提出强化创新思维、加强研发投入力度、建立健全奖励及监管机制等措施.     

我国出口贸易可持续发展与政策选择

近年来,我国出口贸易的高速发展引发了一系列矛盾与冲突。本文在分析改革开放以来支撑中国出口贸易高速发展的因素基础上,探讨了当前出口贸易发展面临的障碍,进而提出了一些保持出口贸易可持续增长的策略建议。     

在循环经济背景下浙江省外贸发展战略的探讨

在全球贸易保护势力抬头的大背景下,近年来浙江省对外经贸持续、快速地发展,但粗放型外贸增长方式加剧了经济发展与能源、环境等问题的矛盾,与循环经济理念相悖并制约了浙江外贸的可持续发展。因此,笔者以循环经济与贸易发展战略的相互关系为理论基础,结合循环经济的概念分析了浙江省外贸环境所面临的问题,并从政府和企业角度提出如何制定浙江省外贸发展战略的相应对策,以实现浙江外贸的可持续发展。     

Clothes without an Emperor: Analysis of the preferential tariffs in ASEAN

This paper examines the current state of intra-ASEAN trade under the preferential regime of the AFTA. It partly addresses some data problems and employs a gravity model to arrive at alternative ways of gauging the importance of preferences in the absence of data on the actual utilisation of AFTA preferential tariffs. Our results show that although the range of products where AFTA might have an influence is limited, preferences seem to matter when the differential margin between the MFN and preferential tariff rates reaches a critical amount, allowing regional exporters to cover the costs of requesting preferences. However, at very high differential margins, the significance of AFTA preferences seems to wane. This indicates either the presence of non-tariff measures which prevent traders from exploiting the huge tariff discounts offered by the AFTA, and or, the propensity of ASEAN to extend high preferences on products where little or no intra-ASEAN trade takes place.     

关于外高桥保税区对浦东经济发展的推动性分析

外高桥保税区是我国成立最早、规模最大的保税区,与浦东新区"同龄"。本文通过多角度、多方位的分析,反映了外高桥保税区对浦东经济发展的巨大推力作用。论文首先以时间为轴,动态分析外高桥保税区经济发展水平的快速增长;然后从综合经济指标和单位产出效益两方面对外高桥保税区与浦东新区的经济效益关系进行分析,继而比较保税区与其他开发区的经济效益,凸显保税区的优势;最后建立回归方程,分析保税区的贸易活动对浦东新区经济增长的影响。     

湾区经济发展战略下深圳自贸区的构建

深圳作为21世纪海上丝绸之路的桥头堡,必须大力发展湾区经济,而湾区经济的发展又离不开自贸区的建立,本文在论述深圳湾区经济发展战略重要性和深圳建立自贸区必要性的基础上,分析了湾区经济与自贸区的关系,提出了构建深圳自贸区的设想和建议,对深圳深化改革和转变经济发展模式具有重要意义。     

WTO对我国珠宝业的影响及对策研究

我国加入WTO后，我国珠宝首饰行业正面临前所未有的挑战。面对蓬勃发展的国内市场，珠宝首饰行业和企业如何在国际竞争的大舞台中发展，是我国珠宝首饰界业内人士关心的焦点。     

通过技术创新推进民营企业发展

近年来随着我国经济的较快增长,民营企业的发展也非常迅速,但民营企业的发展已经受到很多因素的制约,民营企业要突破发展的瓶颈,进行技术创新,提升自身的竞争能力是民营企业的一个现实选择。本文就我国民营企业进行技术创新的优劣势和途径提出一些粗浅的看法。     

中国东盟自贸区与中、越边贸的前景

作为世界上最贫困的国家之一,越南经历了战争的磨难和蜕变的痛苦,今天其经济增长呈现出了不可阻挡的态势,如何在中国东盟自由贸易区框架下利用地缘优势发展中越边贸,抓住这个不可多得的大市场,已经成为今天我们必须关注的问题。     

论教师创新能力的涵义与内容

本文从熊彼特的创新概念出发,根据教师工作的特殊性,提出了教师创新能力的基本内涵,阐述了包含创新意识、创新人格、创新思维和创新技能在内的教师创新能力的基长内容。     

Study on Chinese Trade Union Enterprises Management System Innovation

Although the reform of the system management of Chinese Trade Union Enterprises has made great progress, there are still many factors that are unsuitable for the rules of market economy and go against the long-term development of the Trade Union Enterprises. This paper proposes the innovation of the notion and theory and clarifies the target of the management of Chinese Trade Union Enterprises. Moreover,＇ for the system innovation of the trade union enterprises, the author gives suggestions on establishing and developing the artificial person management construction gradually, push forward the reform of the trade union enterprises, to establish the sound promotion and restriction mechanism, and cultivate the enterprisers of the trade union enterprises.     

转变江门市外贸发展方式之我见

广东省江门市外贸工作成绩显著,自2006年进出口总额突破100亿美元大关之后,持续呈现良好的增长势头,但面对短期性出口减少与长期性成本上升的矛盾,2009年,江门市进出口总值110.4亿美元,比2008年下降了16%,江门市外贸发展面临前所未有的压力。积极探索外贸发展方式的转变,提高江门市外贸可持续发展能力,尤为迫切。     

国家创新能力提升呼唤自主创新联盟

借助自主创新联盟不断提升企业自主创新能力,以积极主动的姿态应对跨国公司的专利之争和标准之争,是提升我国国家创新能力的客观要求。文章从国家创新能力提升的视角探讨自主创新联盟现象,认为自主创新联盟能够助推国家创新能力的不断提升,并从推动优势企业间的联盟、鼓励战略层面的合作、加强政府支持力度、做好协调整合管理等方面探讨了基于自主创新联盟的国家创新能力提升策略。     

广东中小外贸企业出口贸易融资创新路径探析

金融危机之后,广东省众多中小外贸企业经营面临重重困境,出口贸易融资作为促进贸易发展的一个工具显得尤为重要。笔者在对广东省中小企业贸易融资现状和成因进行分析,并在此基础上提出了适合广东省中小外贸企业的出口贸易融资方式的创新路径。