大型百货商场顾客体验影响因素的实证研究

笔者对大连市的九家大型百货商场进行了一次实证研究,探究顾客体验的影响因素对顾客体验的影响机理。实证研究发现:顾客维度因素、情境维度因素、交通维度因素是影响顾客体验的三个主要维度因素(其中,情境维度因素是最重要的维度因素);服务功能质量是顾客体验最重要的影响因素,它不仅直接影响顾客的感知体验和情感体验,一些影响因素也通过它间接地影响顾客的感知体验和情感体验。     

基于ISM模型的中小企业融资能力影响因素分析

中小企业融资受多方面因素的影响,运用系统工程中的解释结构模型(ISM),对中小企业融资能力影响因素进行系统分析,建立了7级多层阶梯解释结构模型。得到中小企业融资能力影响因素的表层直接影响因素、浅层间接影响因素、中层间接影响因素及深层根本影响因素,并对此原因进行分析得出结论,为当前中小企业能够顺利进行融资提供一定的帮助。     

影响居民消费结构变动的因素分析

影响消费结构的因素很多,有经济因素、社会因素、文化因素和环境因素等。其中,经济因素是影响其变动的最主要因素,通过收入、价格、产业结构等发挥作用;社会因素包括人口因素和家庭因素;文化因素主要从文化表现层、文化制度层、文化观念层来影响;环境因素对消费结构变动的影响在近几年来愈发突出。     

定制电信产品价格形成影响因素的实证研究

本文将定制电信产品价格形成影响因素划分为成本因素、政策因素、用户因素、市场因素和价格因素,研究显示:成本因素和用户因素直接影响定制电信产品价格的市场因素,而政策因素通过用户因素与成本因素来影响市场因素,间接影响定制电信产品的价格。最后,本文提出了相应的定制产品定价策略。     

公租房租金定价影响因素的评价研究

在我国公租房租金定价影响因素指标体系的构建基础上,通过使用组合赋权法和灰色加权平均关联度法,构建了公租房定价因素评价模型,实证分析了公租房租金定价影响因素,并深入探讨以上影响因素对一线、二线、三线共9个城市的不同影响,其结果显示:人均可支配收入、市场租金水平、区位、公租房成本是影响我国公租房租金定价的主要因素.另外,相对而言,租金定价影响因素对一线、二线城市的影响较大,对三线城市的影响较弱.     

基于随机森林方法的农村公共产品供给能力影响因素分析——以农田水利基础设施为例

以农田水利基础设施为例,分析影响中国农村公共产品供给能力的因素,结果表明:各地区农村公共产品供给能力的影响因素差异较大,优势因素不尽相同;影响因素的重要性排序依次为经济因素、资源因素、人口因素和农业政策因素。     

基于开放式基金赎回异像——股票型与债券型的赎回异像及其差异实证研究

本文通过建立两类影响因素的模型,把影响开放式股票型基金和开放式债券型基金的赎回影响因素,区分为相同因素和不同因素     

区域经济增长的关键因素实证分析

采用因素分析与识别的DEMATEL方法对区域经济增长因素进行识别,通过建立区域经济增长关键因素分析模型,系统分析了各影响因素的综合影响指数即影响度、被影响度、原因度及中心度,给出所有因素的影响程度排序,从而在众多的区域经济增长影响因素中找到了影响区域经济增长的主要因素。     

非营利组织执行力影响因素及其作用机理分析

随着我国社会改革进程加快,非营利组织的力量和作用越来越突显,它成为公共管理中一个不可或缺的重要角色。采用问卷的形式调查影响非营利组织执行力的因素,利用SPSS软件将15个主要影响因素归为员工因素、环境因素、任务因素、管理因素四类。在非营利组织执行力的诸多影响因素中,员工个人因素直接影响着员工和组织工作效率的提高,对非营利组织执行力起决定作用,而管理因素、环境因素和任务因素通过影响员工个人因素进而间接影响非营利组织执行力。     

冰雪旅游地游客安全影响因素研究

本文针对当前冰雪旅游中游客安全这一热点问题,采用实地调查法和统计法,将影响游客安全的因素分为主体影响因素、媒体影响因素和客体影响因素三大类,并系统分析了各因素的影响力和相互作用关系,为游客安全管理提供了参考依据。     

美国产业结构的调整与贸易逆差

美国贸易逆差问题一直是学者们关注的焦点。众多学者对美国贸易逆差产生的原因提出了不同的解释。本文认为美国贸易逆差的持续扩大是其实体经济结构不断调整的外部反映,美国服务业占国民经济比重的不断提高是其贸易逆差持续扩大的深层次根源。服务业所占比重的提高一方面增加了美国对制造业产品的进口;另一方面也大大削弱了其产品出口能力。与服务业所占比重提高相伴随的是制造业向海外的转移,而这种产业转移也在一定程度上导致了美国贸易逆差。本文进一步利用实证分析方法检验了以上观点。     

美国储蓄不足和全球储蓄过剩是美国贸易逆差产生的根本原因

美国贸易逆差以及主要由贸易逆差造成的经常帐户赤字已成为世界经济关注的热点问题。对美国贸易逆差产生原因的解释众多,本文以主流经济学分析框架得出美国储蓄不足是美国贸易逆差的根本原因的结论。美国国内储蓄不足导致外国资本的流入。外国资本一方面为美国提供了购买力,补充了美国的储蓄,另一方面,美国可用外国提供的购买力进口产品,满足自己的需求。美国的贸易逆差是其储蓄不足的结果。从全球视角出发,其他国家的储蓄增加,为美国补充了储蓄,为美国贸易逆差的产生提供了外部条件。认识美国贸易逆差产生的原因,可以更有利地支撑美国贸易逆差与中国对其贸易顺差没有根本联系的观点,及人民币汇率问题不是美国贸易逆差根本原因的观点。     

中美贸易收支的人民币汇率弹性及政策启示

金融危机之后,中美贸易顺差成为美国贸易保护主义的主要借口,人民币升值的压力日益增加。此背景下,准确测度中美贸易收支的人民币汇率弹性,关系"后危机时代"中国对外贸易政策以及汇率政策的选择。实证分析表明,中国对美国出口的人民币汇率富有弹性,而对美国进口与人民币汇率不相关。因此,对中国政府来说,应该顶住外部压力,尽可能保持人民币汇率的稳定,促进贸易、就业和经济增长;对美国来说,人民币汇率不是其贸易逆差的根源,人民币升值的结果只能产生贸易转移效应,并不能缓解其逆差状况,过度和偏激地施压人民币升值实非明智之举。     

Splitting the firm between the entrepreneur and the venture capitalist with the help of stock options

The Net Present Value (NPV) Rule provides the basic principle underlying the sharing of ownership in a new venture. The principle often fails because the entrepreneur and the venture capitalist cannot agree on the potential profitability value of the venture.First, the venture capitalist may simply have a less optimistic interpretation of the data related to the venture's profit potential. We refer to this discrepancy between the expectation of the entrepreneur and that of the venture capitalist as the expectation gap.Second, the venture capitalist knows that for the venture's potential to be realized, the entrepreneur/manager must devote his full effort to the success of the organization. This is not a problem if the entrepreneur owns the entire project. Once the ownership is shared, however, especially when the venture capitalists own the majority of the shares, the entrepreneur has a financial incentive to apply less than the diligence required to control costs and protect the interests of the outside equity holders. This financial incentive arises because any perk, including leisure or shirking, consumed by the entrepreneur does not have to be shared with the venture capitalist, while every dollar saved does. This is not solved by the venture capitalist acquiring a larger percentage of the company. That will only exacerbate the problem as it decreases the cost to the entrepreneur of each dollar of the company's funds spent for the perk. We refer to this as the motivation problem.In the article, we show how stock options can be used to deal effectively with both problems. First, stock options are always worth more to the optimist than to the pessimist. Thus, there will be a reverse valuation gap with respect to the stock options. We show that by issuing stock options to the entrepreneur, it is possible to close the expectation gap.To solve the motivation problem, the entrepreneur's stake must be increased to the extent where the cost to him of excessive consumption of perks will be as high as the benefit he derives. This can be accomplished by taking advantage of two valuation characteristics of stock options. First, stock options are worth only a fraction of the value of the underlying equity shares. Thus, it is easier for the venture capitalist to give up these, rather than the underlying equity shares. Second, the stock options will fluctuate with the venturing firm's value at a higher rate than the entrepreneur's percentage ownership. Thus, by issuing the entrepreneur a combination of equity shares and stock options, it is possible to increase significantly the entrepreneur's cost of “shirking” or “excessive consumption of perks.” Under idealized conditions, it is possible to design a financing arrangement that eliminates the motivation problem.The principles discussed here provide benchmarks that both the entrepreneur and the venture capitalist may wish to bring to the negotiating table. In the end, there is no substitute for the building of trust between the two to give the venture the maximum chance of success.     

How Ethical are U.S. Business Executives? A Study of Perceptions

Not much has been written about how the ethics of U.S. business executives are perceived by the American public, yet the perception of integrity is important to both businesses and their investors. This study examines the U.S. public’s perceptions of the ethics of American business executives using Gallup Poll data for the past thirty years. Organizations with unethical executives have trouble attracting investors, customers, and new managerial talent. They suffer lawsuits, market share deterioration, and often prison time for the once-revered leaders. This study also looked at the U.S.’s relative standing on the Corruption Perceptions Index and the Edelman Trust Barometer. Confidence in the ethics of the U.S. business executive remains fairly low on the Gallup Poll surveys and the U.S. has declined on the CPI and Edelman Trust Barometer.     

The Influence of Green Innovation Performance on Corporate Advantage in Taiwan

The purpose of this study was to explore whether the performance of the green innovation brought positive effect to the competitive advantage. This study found that the performances of the green product innovation and green process innovation were positively correlated to the corporate competitive advantage. Therefore, the result meant that the investment in the green product innovation and green process innovation was helpful to the businesses. This study argued that the businesses should cognize the correct value and positioning of the green innovation.Dr. Chen is the assistant professor in the Department of Business Administration in National Yunlin University of Science & Technology in Taiwan. His research focused on management of technology, innovation management, corporate environmental management and intellectual capital. Dr. Lai is the professor in the Department of Business Administration in National Chengchi University in Taiwan. His research focused on management of technology, new product development and operation management. Dr. Lai is also the legislator in Taiwan. Dr. Wen is the professor in the Graduate Institute of Technology and Innovation Management in National Chengchi University in Taiwan. His research focused on corporate environmental management, marketing management of technology and entrepreneurship management. Dr. Wen is also the head of the EMBA (Executive MBA) program in the College of Commerce in National Chengchi University in Taiwan.     

品牌财务价值评估到品牌权益评估的发展分析

品牌价值及其相关概念的界定是做好品牌评估工作的基础。基于营销学概念的基础上分析得出:品牌财务价值评估主要针对企业的品牌价值与品牌资产,而品牌权益评估才真正以品牌权益为中心;与前者相比,后者能更好地指导企业的品牌实践活动。     

Consequences of consumer regret with online shopping

Negative online reviews can significantly hurt future sales. After impulsive decisions, consumers may feel regret and write negative online reviews. Two studies are conducted to understand the origin and consequences of negative reviews according to the review content and the responsibility for the mistake in the decision. The first study analyses the influence on the review creation of regret with the process and the outcome through structural equation modelling. For the second study, a 2 × 2 experimental design was conducted. This study analyses how different content in the review (regret with the process vs. regret with the outcome) and guilt of the error (the consumer vs. the seller) affects the perceived persuasiveness, usefulness and credibility of the information, and the intention to follow the advice. The results show that for generating negative reviews, it is the regret with the process coupled with the presence of regret with the outcome which ultimately leads to the intention to write negative reviews. However, the results of the second study show that reviews that criticize the outcome are more damaging than those that criticize the process. Furthermore, reviews that show regret in which the buyer is responsible affect readers more through the greater persuasion they generate.     

解析解混沌雷达系统的多目标测距

针对传统混沌雷达对多目标测距困难的问题,提出了一种建立在解析解系统上的混沌雷达多目标测距方法。该方法使用解析解混沌系统中的连续信号作为雷达发射信号,并把解析解混沌系统中的二值离散序列经移位寄存器保存在雷达接收端,通过保存的二值离散序列能够准确重构雷达发射信号模板。使用该模板和回波信号进行匹配滤波,通过匹配滤波输出信号的峰值得到待测目标的距离。该方法能够在-10 dB信噪比条件下实现多目标测距,且雷达接收端因为只需保存二值离散信号所以需要的存储空间小,实现过程成本低廉。仿真实验验证了提出方法的有效性。     

Relationship Quality of an Establishment and Perceived Value of a Purchase

Relationship quality is an emerging concept that attempts to measure the lifetime value of a customer. A review of the literature reveals that the indicators that determine the construct are satisfaction with the relationship, the customer's trust and the customer's level of commitment. The paper also considers how the perceived value of a purchase influences the quality of the relationship with an establishment, i.e. how a single transaction influences the valuation of a whole relationship. Gummeson [1987] considers that the quality of the relationship is the value accumulated during/throughout the relationship. This posits the existence of a causal link between perceived value and relationship quality. On the basis of an Expectancy–Value Model [Fishbein and Ajzen, 1975], and the model of Berkowitz [1993], we consider the relationships among the variables of the model. The results show that affect plays a fundamental role in long term valuation, while cognition is more influential in the short term. Another important conclusion is that the affective valuations made during the first moments have decisive consequences in the long term.