The conceptual contribution of education to research on entrepreneurship education

By building a bridge between the conceptual discussion of education science and entrepreneurship, this article demarcates the role of entrepreneurship education as a form of pedagogy and its connection to a progressive movement. As a form of pedagogy, entrepreneurship education changes the idea of the human being, brings action-orientation, autonomy and interplay between risk and responsibility to the centre of the learning process and challenges the previous ontological, epistemological and to some respect axiological bases of earlier learning paradigms and also presents new ideas for pedagogy and didactics. Thus, seen from an educational perspective, entrepreneurship can now be perceived as a form of pedagogy that renews the previous learning paradigms and furthers educational institutional practices.     

Women directors contribution to organizational innovation: A behavioral approach

This paper aims to analyze the relationships between women directors (a demographic characteristic) and organizational innovation (a predictor of firm performance) by considering the mediating role of the board’s decision-making culture. To scrutinize board processes and behaviors, we use survey data to test our hypotheses on a sample of 341 Norwegian firms. The results suggest that women directors contribute positively and significantly to organizational innovation. Furthermore, the positive relationship between women directors and the level of organizational innovation is mediated by some decision-making culture dimensions: the degree of cognitive conflict and the degree of preparation and involvement during board meetings. Implications for theory and practice and future research directions are discussed.     

湖南中小企业产学研发展模式及政策研究

文章首先解析了产学研合作的3种模式,并作了对比分析,然后指出了中小企业产学研模式选择的依据,并针对湖南中小企业特点,提出了相应的政策建议。     

Strategies for innovation and productivity in Japan and America

The purpose of this paper is to describe the types of organizational settings in the West that have been especially conducive for innovation and productivity. Then the same predictive factors are tested for a sample of 44 Japanese factories in order to investigate the extent to which similar relationships are found in both nations.The results suggest that R&D and the innovation function is handled somewhat differently in Japan, but that the consequences of the scale of operations for innovation and productivity are basically similar. In general, large scale operations are more productive, but less innovative in both nations. However, emphasis on specialized R&D seems to be more characteristic of U.S. industry. Many small firms in Japan achieve innovative performances with relatively little expenditure on R&D per se. However, to what extent the Japanese formula which has worked in the past will continue to work in the high technology era of the 1980s remains an open question.     

Impact of policy distortions on firm-level innovation,productivity dynamics and TFP

A large literature emphasizes that distortions misallocate resources across firms and are a key source of productivity losses. This paper examines the dynamic effects of distortions when they affect not only the allocation of resources but also firm-level incentives to improve productivity. I consider a setting where firms spend on innovation and thereby influence the evolution of productivity. When distortions are tied to productivity, firm-level innovation falls and the distribution over productivity becomes right-skewed. Quantitatively, TFP and average output falls and is amplified through the innovation channel. When distortions are uniform across firms, instead of correlated with productivity, the effects on TFP and average output are dampened.     

Academic content,research productivity,and tenure

This study examines the influence of a Finance doctoral program’s academic content on the research productivity of the graduates at the time of the tenure decision. The results of this investigation show that a Finance program’s academic content has no influence on the total number of publications of program graduates, but finds a significant relationship between academic content and graduate’s records of publications in top finance journals by the time of the tenure evaluation. More precisely, doctoral programs requiring more mathematically oriented classes such as Continuous Time Finance and/or Stochastic Calculus produce graduates who have a better record of publication in top finance journals at the time of tenure than those graduating from programs without these requirements.     

Is technology integration the solution to biotechnology's low research and development productivity?

The demand for innovative and cost-effective products has had considerable impact on the Research and Development (R&D) portfolio of pharmaceutical companies. With the advent of the new enabling technologies, the biotechnology revolution has created a need for a new and more appropriate paradigm for drug development. The progress in the biological understanding of disease processes and related technological developments have been a major step forward for drug discovery. However, the great majority of the biotechnology companies are confronted with the same issues as major pharmaceutical companies in terms of R&D productivity. This article intends to unfold the challenges faced by biotechnology companies involved in drug discovery by managing the complexity, uncertainty and urgency of technology integration through organic, acquisition and partnering strategies have become priorities for biotechnology companies in helping them achieving more efficiency in their pharmaceutical R&D efforts. Such strategies help biotechnology companies apply their technologies across a broad range of applications within the drug discovery value chain to maximize opportunities for product development. Competitive advantage in the marketplace ultimately derives from providing better speed, cost, quality and direction.     

The relationship between R&D,innovation and productivity in emerging economies: CDM model and alternatives

CDM (Crépon, Duguet and Mairesse, 1988) is a workhorse model in the economics of innovation, which explains productivity in a three-stage procedure driven initially by R&D and leads to patents and then to productivity improvements. Based on the logic of this model, an increasing number of papers applies it to emerging economies but modifies the original model without being explicit about the nature and implications of this modification. We argue in this paper that, in its original form, CDM does not capture stylized facts of the determinants of productivity in emerging economies and that we need alternative models. Accordingly, we are critical of papers that try to maintain the validity of the model but actually change it. For that purpose, we test the original CDM model and its two alternatives: investment and production capability–driven models. Our research is based on a large sample of firms in Central and Eastern Europe, former Soviet republics and Turkey, and we show that the alternative models are much closer to the stylized facts of innovation activities and technology upgrading in these and other emerging economies. Our conclusions have important policy implications, which we discuss.     

News from the productivity analysis research network

News from the productivity analysis research network     

News from the productivity analysis research network

News from the productivity analysis research network     

News from the productivity analysis research network

News from the productivity analysis research network     

News from the productivity analysis research network

News from the productivity analysis research network     

Measuring total factor productivity,technical change and the rate of returns to research and development

This paper examines the relationship between research and development expenditures and total factor productivity using establishment level (or micro) data. The confidential data are taken from the U.S. Bureau of the Census Annual Survey of Manufacturers and other Census surveys. Several measures of total factor productivity are considered as are several variables that proxy for technical knowledge. The latter include research and development expenditures by the firm, the accumulated research expenditures of the industry, and new equipment purchases. We find that there is a statistically significant relationship among above measures of technical expertise and a broad measure of total factor productivity.The refereeing process of this paper was handled through N.R. Adam.     

计算机基础课程实施创新教育的途径研究

为适应知识经济时代对创新型人才的需求,推进教育创新成为了我国深化教育改革进程中面临的一项重要而紧迫的任务。本文结合计算机基础课程的特点阐述了计算机基础课程实施创新教育的必要性,并探讨了计算机基础课程实施创新教育的途径以及如何构建计算机基础课程的创新教学模式。