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[Hurter and Moses, 1964] presented a solvable model combining input-output analysis and linear programming to derive regional product ’shadow’ prices. Their measure of prices is incomplete since it includes only regional variation-in transport and resource costs and not the intermediate product costs. The reason for this exclusion is obvious: product prices are needed to obtain intermediate product costs. In this note we extend the Hurter-Moses model to derive a full measure of regional shadow prices. 相似文献
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We develop a method for eco-efficiency analysis of consumer durables that is based on Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). In contrast to previous product efficiency studies, we consider the measurement problem from the policy perspective. The innovation of the paper is to measure efficiency in terms of absolute shadow prices that are optimized endogenously within the model to maximize efficiency of the good. Thus, the efficiency measure has a direct economic interpretation as a monetary loss due to inefficiency, expressed in some currency unit. The advantages as well as technical differences between the proposed approach and the traditional production-side methods are discussed in detail. We illustrate the approach by an application to eco-efficiency evaluation of Sport Utility Vehicles. 相似文献
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Lucien Foldes 《Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control》2000,24(11-12)
Concepts of asset valuation based on the martingale properties of shadow (or marginal utility) prices in continuous-time, infinite-horizon stochastic models of optimal saving and portfolio choice are reviewed and compared with their antecedents in static or deterministic economic theory. Applications of shadow pricing to valuation are described, including a new derivation of the Black–Scholes formula and a generalised net present value formula for valuing an indivisible project yielding a random income. Some new results are presented concerning (i) the characterisation of an optimum in a model of saving with an exogenous random income and (ii) the use of random time transforms to replace local by true martingales in the martingale and transversality conditions for optimal saving and portfolio choice. 相似文献
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The original Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models developed by Charnes et al. (Eur J Oper Res 2:429–444, 1978), Banker et al. (Manag Sci 30:1078–1092, 1984) were both radial models. These models and their varied extensions have remained the most popular DEA models in terms of utilization. The benchmark targets they determined for inefficient units are primarily based on the notion of maintaining the same input and output mixes originally employed by the evaluated unit (i.e. disregarding allocative considerations). This paper presents a methodology to investigate allocative and overall efficiency in the absence of defined input and output prices. The benchmarks determined from models based on this methodology will consider all possible input and/or output mixes. Application of this methodology is illustrated on a model of the financial intermediary function of a bank branch network. 相似文献
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Tai-Hsin Huang Kuan-Chen Chen Chien-Hsiu Lin Ming-Tai Chung 《Journal of Productivity Analysis》2014,41(2):307-320
Conventional parametric stochastic cost frontier models are likely to suffer from biased inferences due to misspecification and the ignorance of allocative efficiency (AE). To fill up the gap in the literature, this article proposes a semiparametric stochastic cost frontier with shadow input prices that combines a parametric portion with a nonparametric portion and that allows for the presence of both technical efficiency (TE) and AE. The introduction of AE and the nonparametric function into the cost function complicates substantially the estimation procedure. We develop a new estimation procedure that leads to consistent estimators and valid TE and AE measures, which are proved by conducting Monte Carlo simulations. 相似文献
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上海商品住房价格的过快上涨引起业内人士和社会各界的密切关注。如何有效控制房价涨幅,是当前维护房地产市场持续健康发展的重大关键问题。 相似文献
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In this paper, we examine the properties of prediction market prices when risk averse traders have heterogeneous beliefs in state probabilities. We show that the equilibrium state prices equal the mean beliefs of traders about that state if and only if the traders’ common utility function is logarithmic. We also provide a necessary and sufficient condition ensuring that the state prices are systematically below or above the mean beliefs of traders, thus providing a rational explanation to the favorite-longshot bias in prediction markets. 相似文献
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Teresa García‐Marco Ferdaous Zouaghi Mercedes Snchez 《Business Strategy and the Environment》2020,29(4):1684-1694
This study explores the complementary effects among environmental innovation, organizational innovation, and training for innovation and their effect on firm productivity, within a supermodularity framework. Furthermore, it attempts to understand whether different innovation practices are complements or substitutes for firm profitability according to the industrial environmental regulation context by distinguishing between clean and dirty industries. Using a Spanish technological innovation panel survey over the period 2008–2015, our findings indicate that the interrelationship between different innovation practices is complementary rather than substitutive, and the pattern of complementarity among innovation practices differs according to the environmental regulation under which an industry operates. Engaging in a broad range of innovation practices such as environmental and organizational innovations, clean industry can strengthen productivity. For dirty industries, our results indicate a greater affinity between training activities and environmental innovation than between environmental innovation and organizational innovation on firm productivity achievement. Taken all together, these results provide managers with considerable insights in terms of how to adapt the various combinatorial practices to the industrial environment in which they are embedded, taking market and regulatory pressure into account. 相似文献
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Decisions in Economics and Finance - Under the Heston stochastic volatility model, we derive semi-analytical formulas for the prices of path-dependent options with payoffs linked to the maximum or... 相似文献
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One of the most studied effects of crime is the impact that neighborhood crime has on housing values. A major drawback of these studies is that, although crime is undoubtedly endogenous in property value models because of either simultaneity, omitted variables or measurement error, the vast majority of studies treat crime measures as exogenous independent variables. We exploit a unique nine-year crime panel at the neighborhood level to estimate models that properly address the endogeneity of crime and allow us to overcome other specification errors that have plagued previous studies. Of the seven different types of crime we investigate, only robbery and aggravated assault crimes (per acre) exert a meaningful influence upon neighborhood housing values. 相似文献
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文章主要从亲自运用过的不同计价方式——定额计价方式与清单计价方式对同一类建筑产品价格的影响,分析两种计价方式的特点,指出计价方式的发展方向。 相似文献
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Economics of Governance - This paper examines the optimal monopoly regulation without transfer based on Basso, Figueroa and Vásquez (Rand J Econ 48(3):557–578, 2017), which compare the... 相似文献
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In this paper, we work under GARCH models to value options on the maximum or the minimum of two prices. In addition, we consider not only two underlying asset prices but also geometric average ones. Further, default risk is also incorporated in a reduced-form model. In the proposed framework, closed-form pricing formulae of options on the maximum with or without default risk are derived and then used to perform numerical examples. 相似文献