Understanding corporate B2B web sites' effectiveness from North American and European perspective

The globalization of economic activities has led multinational business-to-business (B2B) firms to use their corporate web sites extensively to communicate with their stakeholders. Using a field study of 368 business customers, this paper examines three factors of information that influence corporate web sites' effectiveness in a B2B context and whether these factors differ by web site user's national origin. Results indicate that informativeness of a corporate web site is important for both North American and European visitors. Quality of information is important for European users but not an important aspect for North American users. Usability is the most important factor for North American users but it is not important for European users. Implications of these results are discussed for managerial practices and further research.     

Do American and European Industrial Organization Economists Differ?

This paper compares results from two surveys among American and European industrial organisation (IO) economists on various IO and broader economic issues. Although differences between the two groups are generally rather small, some systematic differences seem to exist. These differences are more pronounced when judgments about the efficacy of government policies and the workings of the market are concerned than when judgments about methodology and the present and future state of the IO field are concerned. American IO economists tend to exhibit more confidence in the market's capability to allocate resources than their European counterparts.     

科威特北部油区钻井技术

简要介绍了科威特石油储量等基本情况、科威特北部油区的地质概况和中国石化钻井队在该区Raudhatain油田钻井作业中所采用的井身结构、钻具组合、钻井参数、钻头优选、钻井液以及井控技术方面的情况,通过这些内容可以了解到在科威特施工的井队需要具备的一些基本条件和施工中需要注意的一些问题。对国内石油钻井技术的发展也有一定的借鉴作用。     

Linking Union Density and Union Effectiveness: The North American Experience

This study considers how union performance in terms of organizing, bargaining, and political activity are related to severely declining union density (the percentage of the workforce in unions) in the United States and the higher and stable union density in Canada. Canadian unions have remained active in recruiting new members and assign a high priority to organizing, while American unions have shown diminished organizing effort and ability. Canadian unions have demonstrated superior performance in collective bargaining as measured by resistance to concession bargaining and negotiated wage gains, among other factors. Finally, although Canadian unions experienced some political setbacks, they wielded more political influence than their American counterparts in promoting union-specific as well as broad social legislation. Density is examined as both a consequence and determinant of the divergence in union performance.     

欧美经济回暖,节日玩具出口看好

据海关统计,今年1-8月,广东出口圣诞用品40.3亿人民币,同比（下同）增长28.9%。从今年4月份起,月度出口值开始逐步攀升,至8月份出口18.8亿元,刷新去年以来的月度出口记录,同比增长2g.g%,环比增长5g.g%。其中,对美国出口圣诞用品22.2亿元,增长28%;对欧盟出口7.2亿元,增长30.2%;对上述市场出口合计占73%。同期,对伊朗出口2.8亿元,激增5.7倍。     

美国和加拿大石油天然气行业监管体制简介

介绍了监管的含义、美国和加拿大油气行业监管的原则、监管机构的职能及如何进行监管。对北美油气监管体制的成效与不足进行了简要分析,并指出了中国借鉴北美油气监管体制应注意的问题。     

欧美天然气管理体制与运营模式及其对我国的启示

欧洲各国天然气政策基本按欧盟指引来制定,重点之一是推进天然气市场化进程,推动管网独立与第三方准入机制的建立。欧洲天然气市场的上游价格完全放开,但对管道运输、储气和配气等环节,各国都进行了严格的价格和利润率监管。美国对天然气价格的管制经历了从不管制到控制井口价格再到完全放开三个发展阶段,灵活的天然气价格机制是保障天然气稳定供应的重要因素。目前中国仍处于天然气发展的初步阶段,大型一体化公司解体拆分模式不可照搬硬套,管网独立未到时机,国家能源供应安全保障应该放在发展的首要位置;欧美国家天然气产业组织结构和政府监管模式与各国历史、政治传统紧密相关,没有固定模式,中国应根据自身的资源特点、市场发展、国家政治体制以及经济文化传统等制定适合自身的天然气行业管理体制;随着中国天然气消费的快速增长和消费者价格承受能力的逐步增强,应适时建立天然气价格的市场形成机制。     

欧美市场掀起复苏之风，中国玩具出口有望获得突破

第116届广交会第二期于10月23～27日隆重开幕。随着欧美经济的复苏,以玩具礼品为主的二期参展商终于可以松一口气,不少参展商表示去年出口止跌回暖。对于广交会二期的参展企业来说,欧美市场是重中之重。     

中国医药制剂出口欧美市场初探

目的 为中国医药制剂出口欧美市场提供参考.方法分析我国医药制剂出口欧羡市场所面临的机遇与挑战,提出相应的对策与建议,结论中国制药产业应当顺应全球医药制造中心向亚洲转移的趋势,克服自身不足,积极参与医药制剂的国际生产,买现产业升级     

2010年欧美化工公司经营业绩强势复苏——以巴斯夫和陶氏化学为例

2010年,以巴斯夫和陶氏化学两大公司为代表的欧关大化工公司销售收入大幅增长,净利润同比激增,公司业绩处于历史较高水平。世界经济的持续复苏、主要石化产品需求的显著增长、油气价格的高位运行给化工公司的业绩提升带来了良好环境。注重公司的战略转型,试图摆脱来自油气等原材料的成本束缚,彻底转变业务结构,加快并购高附加值业务资产,保证了这两家公司的高利润增长。随着世界化工板块的重心向亚太地区转移,巴斯夫和陶氏化学更加注重向中国市场的纵深发展,不断加大投资,加强在中国的开发合作。随着未来油气价格和原材料价格的上涨,基础型产品的利润空间将受到进一步挤压,因此国际领先的化工公司将更加注重对高附加值型业务的投资,同时将把亚太（尤其是中国）、南美和中东等新兴区域市场作为投资的重点地区。     

Prolific authors and institutions in leading international business journals

The science and practice of international business is advanced through scholarly contribution to the leading international business journals. Increased competition among academic institutions has led to increased emphasis on publication in the leading international business journals. Yet, little is known as to the answers to questions such as: (1) Who are the most prolific authors in the leading international business journals? and (2) Which educational institutions appear poised to lead international business scholarship? To examine these questions, the study examines scholarly work in international business over the past eleven years in six leading international business journals (i.e., Journal of International Business Studies, Management International Review, Journal of World Business, International Marketing Review, Journal of International Marketing, and International Business Review). Addressing these two research questions provides us with a more complete understanding of the authors and institutions most likely to influence the field of international business.     

Unraveling Home and Host Country Effects: An Investigation of the HR Policies of an American Multinational in Four European Countries

This article argues that the institutional "home" and "host" country effects on employment policy and practice in multinational corporations (MNCs) need to be analyzed within a framework which takes more account both of the multiple levels of embeddedness experienced by the MNC, and processes of negotiation at different levels within the firm. Using in-depth case study analysis of the human resource (HR) structure and industrial relations and pay policies of a large U.S.-owned MNC in the IT sector, across Germany, Ireland, Spain, and the United Kingdom, the article attempts to move towards such a framework.     

世界自然基金会圣诞推环保木制玩具

世界自然基金会（简称“WWP”）今年首次推出了圣诞篮及环保玩具,鼓励消费者节日送礼时,不至对生态造成破坏。WWF今年推出4款圣诞篮及逾十款环保木造玩具,前者选取公平贸易食品、     

Studying processes in and around networks

The industrial marketing literature on business networks has drawn attention to the importance and yet the complexities of managing in a context of fluid and dynamic inter-organizational relationships. This context also poses significant challenges to researchers who wish to better understand the evolution of networks and the processes occurring in and around them in order to generate valuable theoretical insight and actionable knowledge for practitioners. After reviewing the nature of process research, this paper considers the key methodological choices and tradeoffs faced by process researchers interested in studying network dynamics. These choices and tradeoffs are illustrated by drawing on a series of exemplary process studies of networks derived from the entrepreneurship, strategic management, organization theory and industrial marketing literatures. The paper concludes by proposing that future studies might benefit from focusing on key network transformations and from mobilizing programmatic investments.     

萨伊博姆——世界领先的石油和天然气行业承包商

描述了世界领先的石油和天然气行业承包商Saipem的运营情况,对Saipem的市场范围,陆上、近海、钻井三大部门的业务进行了分析。从全球化经营、重视当地化、QHSE管理3个方面剖析了Saipem的经营之道,指出其在发展核心竞争力方面,集中经营领域、做行业霸主方面,以人为本、可持续发展的做法方面,值得我国承包商借鉴和参考。