果实套袋技术

果实套袋是指将幼果套于特制的果实袋内,在生长期内进行保护的技术措施。其作用一是防治果实病虫害。生产实践证明,套袋可使苹果轮纹病、炭疽病、葡萄白腐病、霜霉病等导致的烂果率降低在2％以内。二是促进果实着色。对红色品种果实通过套袋可使得果实颜色鲜艳,如红富士着色率可达100％,巨峰葡萄果面鲜红色。三是避免果面锈斑。四是既可减少喷药次数,又能避免农药直喷于果面,减少水果农药残留量,提高果品质量,增加经济效益。其技术要点是:     

套袋对梨果实品质的影响的研究

套袋对梨果实品质的形成有重要的影响。不同套袋的时期,袋种及去袋的时期对果实的影响程度不同。套袋对果实外观品质的影响包括:果实的色泽、果形果个、果面光洁度;套袋对果实内在品质的影响包括:果皮、果肉组织结构、果实的硬度、糖酸比值、矿物质元素的含量、芳香物质的含量、激素的变化;套袋影响果实的耐贮性及其农药残毒含量;同时,套袋可降低病虫对果实的侵害。     

苹果套袋技术要点

一、套袋前的准备套袋前3－5天浇一遍透水，前回一2天喷洒一追杀菌杀虫剂和有机钙肥。用甲基托布津。灭多威、峨螨灵等为好。套袋前还要进行疏果，留中心单果，疏去小果、病果、畸形果。二、套袋时间根据品种不同、成熟期早晚，套袋时间不同。如金帅早套袋防果锈效果好，而且果实增重明显，最好从谢花后10天开始，疏完果，喷完药开始套，半月内完成；红富士可适当晚套，花后35－4O天开始套，即6月15日一7月中旬套完为好。三、果袋选择一般选择一次摘袋的内黑双层袋，这种果袋在促进苹果着色、抗雨、耐温、防病虫方面较其他类型袋有很大优势…     

苹果套袋亟须统一质量标准

苹果套袋作为近几年兴起的一项新技术,因为能够减少苹果药害污染,提高果品质量档次和效益而受到果农的欢迎。苹果套袋技术的运用和大面积推广,也带动了制袋生产的快速发展,以山东莱州市为例,一九九四年,购进纸袋二万个,一九九年就达一亿个,四年间增长了五倍。如此快的发展速度,是近年来工业生产中不多的,也促使纸袋生产厂家遍地开花,雨后春笋般建了起来。而与纸袋生产快速发展不相适应的是,由于纸袋生产目前没有统一的国家质量标准可遵循,各厂家只能制定企业标准组织生产和检验,造成纸袋质量参差不齐。而一旦因纸袋质量不过硬造成损失,给调解纠纷带业极大障碍。一九九八年,莱州市某村一百五十亩套袋     

苹果套袋亟需统一标准

苹果套袋作为近几年兴起的一项新技术,因为能够减少苹果药害污染,提高果品质量档次和效益而受到果农的欢迎,同时也得到了地方政府的重视和推广。以山东省莱州市为例,全市种植苹果1万公顷,1994年     

苹果套袋亟需统一标准

苹果套袋作为近几年兴起的一项新技术,因为能够减少苹果药害污染,提高果品质量档次和效益而受到果农的欢迎,同时也得到了地方政府的重视和推广。以山东省莱州市为例,全市种植苹果1万公顷,1994年     

果实套袋好处多

果实套代是80年代兴起的一项果树栽培新技术。果实从幼果期就会上特制的纸袋，直至采收果实长年保护在袋内生长，为生产高档商品果提供了保证。其好处如下：1．可避免多种为害果实的病虫害。如梨轮纹病、炭疽病、锈病、黑星病等烂果病，及食心虫、卷叶虫类、螨类、蚜类、梨木虱等害虫，全年可减少打药2－4次。2．大大减少农药残留。套袋后果面不直接接触剧毒农药，加之打药次数减少，故套袋果实的农药残留量极低。经测定，套袋果农药残留量仅为0．045毫克／千克，而不套袋果为0．23毫克／千克。套袋必将成为生产无污染的绿色食品采的重要措…     

“红富士”何以假冒多

“红富士”何以假冒多今年中秋时节，红富士还挂在枝头，而市场上的“红富士”却已随处可见。这当中，主要是一些滞销且保鲜期短的“中熟苹果”。同样是兜售假红富士，经营者的目的和“谋略”不尽相同。北京崇文区的某国营“果批站”把金帅苹果说成是“红富士”，以每斤１...     

果品液膜袋在林果业生产中的应用

利用套袋技术是生产优质无公害果品的重要举措，本文介绍了果蔬液膜袋的诞生、作用和具体应用方式。重点论述了果品液膜袋在林果业生产中九个方面的运用。     

艺术苹果大有可为

在山东省栖霞市,有近万户农民从事艺术苹果生产,年产艺术苹果1亿多个,增加收入近亿元。在苹果上做艺术文章,是栖霞农民的一大创举。据了解,艺术苹果是通过图案设计、遮光图案纸制作、果实套袋、果实摘袋、果实筛选、粘贴、采收、选果等过程,将书法、简笔画、     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Ansätze und Ergebnisse anglo-amerikanischer M&A-Forschung

Based on a review of established U.S. management journals (1995–2003), six schools of thought are identified within the Anglo-American M&;A research: “Capital Market”, “Principal/Agent”, “Industrial Organization”, “Organizational Behavior”, “Human Resources” and “Strategic Management”. The literature review shows that the definition of M&;A success, the methods applied, and insights from empirical research differ according to the respective school of thought. Empirical studies focus on the resource combinations of merger partners, the specific circumstances of merger negotiations, and on integration management as antecedents of merger performance. Unfortunately, empirical findings have not yet provided reliable explanations for M&;A success. Based on the current state of Anglo-American M&;A research, the authors discuss implications for business practice, identify research gaps, and propose areas for future research.     

Introduction of New Technology with a Sound Transition of the Input-Output Structure

We examine the general equilibrium repercussions associated with the introduction of new technologies, using the generalized Leontief system that allows technological substitutions. We show that an untested introduction of cost-increasing technologies in any industry may result in creating a non-productive technological structure that does not satisfy the Hawkins-Simon condition, following the autonomous dynamic adjustment process with structural transitions in the economic system. Therefore, we propose a practicable control scheme of introducing cost-increasing technologies that strictly avoids the creation of non-productive structures in all periods of structural transition, using the available information on the ex ante technological structure.     

The Creation of the Office for National Statistics

A new Office for National Statistics was created in the United Kingdom in 1996 following a series of developments designed to strengthen the relevance and integrity of statistics. This paper describes these fundamental changes and sets out a blueprint for future progress. It also sets current developments in the United Kingdom in an historical and international context.     

What helps? Women engineers' accounts of staying on

We have considerable understanding of the obstacles that women engineers encounter and the reasons that they leave the field, but we know less about what enables them to remain. Adopting an interpretivist approach, this article examines how a group of British women engineers in two FTSE 100 companies account for “staying on” in their male‐dominated work settings. We delineate four specific forms of help that facilitate women's retention in the field. We argue that exposure to help leads to women developing a habitus that enables them to continue working in engineering. To conclude, we draw on our findings to outline HR practices that will facilitate supportive relationships in the workplace and pave the way towards developing more positive organisational climates.     

论现代物流企业的发展观

物流业经过诸多年的发展目前已经成为最热门的行业之一,物流企业的注册数量也与日俱增,达到前所未有的规模。毋庸置疑,任何企业都希望自己迅速做强做大,并成为真正现代物流企业的典型代表,要实现这一目标一个首要问题就是要解决现代物流企业的发展观问题。