Aligning organisational interests in designing rail-wagon tracking

The paper investigates the design and implementation of rail-wagon tracking to align the interests of rail-track owners, rail operators and third-party logistics service providers. The investigation identifies design actions to enable beneficial uses for the different rail-wagon tracking participants in a railway logistics system. Design science is used as the overall research approach. The findings are derived in the context of three organisations involved in an automotive railway logistics system. Data on the perceptions and interests of the parties is collected using the case-study methodology. Our findings indicate how rail-wagon tracking can be used to improve the efficiency of rail transport operators’ maintenance operations and potentially decrease wear and tear on rail tracks owned by the government authority. These anticipated benefits have motivated the transport authority in the case setting to make investments in more intelligent infrastructure, providing a platform for future material-flow tracking by logistics companies.     

城市轨道交通站点周边“灰色用地”选区研究

在对我国轨道交通建设的投融资问题进行探讨的基础上,研究了城市"灰色用地"规划对轨道交通建设的适应性,指出这种动态用地规划模式可以提高土地的使用价值和利用效率,解决轨道建设投融资的部分问题,并结合苏州轨道2号线建设对轨道站点周边"灰色用地"选区方法进行了详细研究。     

广州铁路集团货运现状及发展对策分析

面对国际、国内竞争,以及铁路运营管理体制的缺陷,铁路货运市场占有率逐年下降,铁路货运正面临严峻的挑战。鉴于铁路的重要地位及其面临的挑战,以广铁集团三茂公司小塘西火车站为背景和数据来源,运用直接观察法、行为记录法、面谈法、电话询问法、深度访问法等调查方法,研究了铁路货运的现状,指出铁路货运管理体制和运营机制方面的问题,探讨了铁路货运营销机制、货运服务、货场一体化改革的思路并进行可行性分析,为广铁集团货运的发展提供了改革的方向。     

Suburbanization and transportation in the monocentric model

This paper presents a version of the monocentric city model that incorporates heterogeneous commuting speeds by introducing radial commuting highways. This model implies that metropolitan area population spreads out along new highways, which are positively valued by residents. Simulations of conservative specifications of the model imply that each additional highway ray causes about a 10 percent decline in central city population. Given observed central population declines and urban highway construction between 1950 and 1990, this model implies that highways can account for an important part of urban population decentralization.     

Suburbanization and transportation in the monocentric model

This paper presents a version of the monocentric city model that incorporates heterogeneous commuting speeds by introducing radial commuting highways. This model implies that metropolitan area population spreads out along new highways, which are positively valued by residents. Simulations of conservative specifications of the model imply that each additional highway ray causes about a 10 percent decline in central city population. Given observed central population declines and urban highway construction between 1950 and 1990, this model implies that highways can account for an important part of urban population decentralization.     

轨道交通对中国城市化的意义

目前中国正处在快速城市化的进程中,需要增加城市的数量和人口、经济规模,并大力发展城市群和城市带,同时需要减小地区间的发展差距.因此构筑一个从城市轨道交通、城际轨道交通到跨区域的高速铁路这一不同层次的结构完善的覆盖全国的轨道交通体系,将有利于促进城市化,为全国广大人民群众提供快捷、舒适、准时、安全的交通保障,并为在全国范围内建设和谐社会做出重大贡献.     

铁路货运发展现代物流的思考

与公路、民航及水运等行业相比,铁路长期以来形成的政企合一的管理模式和服务功能单一的经营模式已经越来越不能适应市场变化的要求,逐渐将物流理念融入我国铁路货运已经刻不容缓。论文正是从铁路货运的实际问题出发,分析了铁路货运所面临的形势、剖析铁路货物运输发展现代物流的必要性与可行性,确定铁路货运发展现代物流的思路与目标,提出铁路枢纽发展现代物流的措施。     

面向运营方的城市轨道交通换乘效率评价研究

研究视角基于面向运营方的轨道交通换乘效率评价。基于城市轨道交通换乘站的换乘水平影响因素分析,建立了面向运营方的换乘站换乘效率评价指标体系。并对上海两线换乘站采用DEA评价模型进行换乘效率评价,提出相关运营方的运营管理改善建议。     

Optimal density of radial major roads in a two-dimensional monocentric city with endogenous residential distribution and housing prices

This paper proposes an analytical urban system equilibrium model for optimizing the density of radial major roads in a two-dimensional monocentric city. The proposed model involves four types of agents: local authorities, property developers, households and household workers (i.e. commuters). The local authorities aim to maximize the total social welfare of the urban system by determining the optimal density of radial major roads in the city. The property developers seek to determine the intensity of their capital investment in the land market to maximize the net profit generated from the housing supply. The households choose residential locations that maximize their utility within a budget constraint, and the commuters choose the radial major roads that minimize their individual costs of travel between home and workplace. A heuristic solution procedure is developed to find the urban system equilibrium solution. A system optimum model is also proposed to optimize the density of radial major roads that maximizes the social welfare of the urban system. The proposed model can endogenously determine household residential distribution and land values across the city, along with the housing market structure in terms of housing prices and space. Numerical comparative static analyses of congestion pricing and road infrastructure investment (adding a new radial major road) are carried out together with evaluation of the effects of the service level of radial major roads, urban population size, and household income level on the urban economy.     

突出优势特色创建交通工程品牌专业

交通工程是国民经济的基础产业,是社会发展的桥梁和纽带。石家庄铁道大学是一所专业特色鲜明的学校,交通是其主要学科。交通工程专业更是依托其特有的历史及资源优势,在多年办学的经历中,形成了"以轨道交通为特色,以铁路、公路以及城市交通为主体服务对象,融交通设施规划、设计、建设、运营管理为一体,工管并重、铁公并举"的人才培养体系,并从而形成自己的办学特色。     

开设“高速铁路乘务专业”的探讨

随着我国高速铁路的飞速发展,开行列车的数量猛增,对乘务人员的需求量也急剧增多,加之高速铁路运输服务质量的要求较高,为了与我国"高速铁路运营里程居世界第一位、高铁建设的各项技术处于世界领先地位,管理服务一流"的良好形势相匹配,开设高速铁路乘务专业,培养具有扎实专业基础,综合素质较高的高素质技能型人才势在必行。     

Interregional economic-demographic model of the Tokyo region

The Tokyo Metropolitan Area consists of four prefectures, and experienced a rapid social inflow of population from other areas in 1960s, and a removal of residential population from CBD to suburban cities within the Area in 1970s. Tokyo prefecture at the centre functioned as CBD, and showed a continuous growth of economic activities, while the leading sector changed from secondary to tertiary sector. The number of daily commuters to Tokyo prefecture has increased to two million persons. Thus in the Tokyo prefecture several variables like social inflow, employment in secondary sector and residential population reached to historical highest values in late 1960s and early 1970s, An economic-demographic model is constructed by pooling data of four prefectures for 1965–1979 to describle these rapid changes in four prefectures.

The model consists of seven blocks (population, commutation, employment, production, income and expenditure, capital stock, price) and contains 142 equations. Social movement of residential population is explained by per capita income, housing stock, endowment of social overhead capital, and land price. Daily commuters are explained by labor productivities. Private and public investments are endogenously explained in the model. Potential type variables of income and population are used to describe the interregional linkages in various equations. After final test the model could properly explain the turning point period of Tokyo, and drastic changes of Metropolitan Area. The model is then applied to the forecast up to 1990, and several simulation studies to clarify various policy effects.     

城市轨道交通项目社会评价探讨——以哈尔滨建设轨道交通体系为例

城市轨道交通由于投资规模大,社会影响深远,越来越为国家所重视。本文以哈尔滨建设轨道交通一号线为分析个案,不难发现哈尔滨在建设轨道交通一号线中体现出的对可持续发展和公众利益的考虑及措施。但由于城市轨道交通项目的评价研究还刚刚起步,有些方面还不完善,因此,有必要对城市轨道交通项目社会评价评价体系进行更加深入的研究。以确保哈尔滨轨道交通项目的顺利实施。     

北京市中心区铁路沿线区域更新整合研究

大型交通设施对城市空间的切割和限定造成了城市的碎片化以及人性化城市空间的丧失,也对周边环境形成负面影响.通过对北京市中心区铁路沿线区域的调查,总结了铁路沿线区域存在的主要问题,并提出了若干改造和整合的对策.     

铁路运输与现代物流发展的探讨研究

现代物流是铁路货运企业发展的重要方向,是适应货运市场需求。铁路运输应在原有基础上加快改革,完善体制、机制建设,尽快完成向现代物流的转变,以在激烈的市场竞争中立于不败之地。文中分析了铁路运输在现代物流中的地位和存在的问题,根据所提问题提出了一些铁路运输改革措施以适应现代物流发展的步伐,更有利于我国经济的发展。     

Unveiling Urban Sprawl in the Mediterranean Region: Towards a Latent Urban Transformation?

The relationship between form and function in European Mediterranean cities has been widely addressed from various perspectives. A number of studies indicate that, until the 1980s, compactness was a key trait of several cities of the Northern Mediterranean. However, after the ‘compact growth’ period, these cities experienced patterns of urbanization that differed from their traditional trends. Since the 1990s, sprawl, coupled with population decline in the inner cities, has become the main pattern of urban development. This article explores the key features of exurban development in the Mediterranean region in order to provide material for a discussion based on the differences and similarities in the characteristics of sprawl processes originating in the US and Northern Europe. It concludes that any debate on policy responses to sprawl must be specifically formulated according to the scope, administrative level, housing and planning system, territorial and socioeconomic characteristics of the urban system under examination. It is our belief that sprawl requires site‐specific analyses and policy strategies for the region being studied if the process is to be effectively controlled.     

Road congestion: A reconsideration of pricing theory

In this paper, the effect of congestion tolls upon the pattern of traffic flows is examined. Congestion tolls influence the individual commuter's decision of when to make a trip, inducing him to travel at less congested times. When all commuters are taken together, congestion tolls and the individual consumers' decisions lead to an efficient reorganization of traffic flows relative to a non-toll situation. In fact, for the same total number of commuters, per person costs of travel including the toll may decline with the imposition of tolls and efficient reorganization of traffic flows.     

浅析高职院校城市轨道交通专业人才培养规格的确定

"地铁时代"的到来,带动了城市轨道交通行业人才的需求,各高职院校纷纷承办城市轨道交通行业需求的专业,为了适应城轨行业的发展,如何科学、合理的确定人才培养规格,成为目前各高职院校承办城轨各专业亟待解决的问题。文章从定位人才市场、正确理解培养目标与培养规格、确定人才培养规格注意的因素和具体确定四个方面进行了阐述,指出了从知识、能力、素质三个方面合理进行城轨人才培养规格确定。     

以铁路为核心的货运服务供应链构建策略分析

文中进行了中国铁路货物运输的SWTO分析，基于供应链管理环境下的物流环境特征，以满足市场需求为导向，分析了以铁路为核心的货运服务供应链构建策略，提出铁路货运产品的层次划分、服务目标定位及目标实现途径与方案构想：业务流程重组与通道式管理，建立合作伙伴关系。     

城市轨道交通电力系统故障分析及应对方法

随着城市规模的不断扩大,人口数量不断增加,这使得城市交通压力越来越大,那么就需要完善城市轨道交通,更好地推动城市发展建设。现阶段,城市轨道交通作为城市公共交通的重要工具,具有快捷、节能等优点,所以已经成为城市基础建设的重要部分。稳定的电力系统是保证城市轨道交通稳定运行的基础。论文主要先说明城市轨道交通电力系统故障的原因,然后说明城市轨道交通电力系统故障类型,最后说明城市轨道交通电力系统故障的应对方法。