How Do Land Auction Formats Influence the Market Structure and Aggregate Surplus of Real Estate Development?

This article proposes a duopoly dynamic game theoretic model to investigate the market structure and aggregate surplus of real estate development when land is sold in a sealed‐bid first price auction vis‐à‐vis an open English auction. It relaxes the assumption of symmetric bidders. The land values have common value and private value components. We find that the sealed‐bid first price auction introduces competition in the real estate development market. The open English auction leads a monopoly market. State agencies are recommended to increase the aggregate surplus of real estate development by publishing past bidding information under the sealed‐bid first price auction and reducing information asymmetry between bidders.     

关于经评审的最低投标价法在军队工程推广应用的探讨

为了使军队工程招投标适应我国招投标的发展趋势,提高我军工程建设的投资效益,探讨经评审的最低投标价法在军队工程中的推广应用具有重大意义。在对军队工程招投标存在问题分析的基础上,探讨了这种评标方法应用的必要性和可行性。提出了具体的做法和相关的建议,即评标过程的一体化管理思想和10个关键环节的管理。分析了这种评标方法难以推广的原因和军队应采取的对策。通过分析,认为在军队工程中推广使用经评审的最低投标价法的条件已经成熟,这种方法将会在军队工程建设中发挥越来越重要的作用。     

经济适用房建设招标机制的比较分析

在经济适用房项目开发建设中充分利用市场机制尤其是招标机制,有利于提高项目的开发建设效率。对带有转移支付招标机制和最高限价招标机制分析表明,不同的招标机制在降低开发成本、增加供给量、揭示开发企业的实际成本和提高社会福利水平等方面,都具有不同的影响。     

Bidding Wars for Houses

This article analyzes the time series and cross‐sectional patterns of bidding wars for houses. Bidding wars were once rare, a fairly constant 3–4% of transactions. This led to treating list price as a ceiling in empirical and theoretical research on housing. The bidding war share roughly tripled between 1995 and 2005, rising to more than 30% in some markets. The share fell during the subsequent bust, but it remains approximately twice as high as previously. The article shows bidding war incidence to be greater during macroeconomic and housing booms. The article also considers other potential contributing factors, including buyer irrationality, the use of the Internet in home purchases and land use regulation.     

我国城镇建设有关土地制度创新研究

目前我国土地管理中存在着土地市场不完善．国土基金管理不到位等问题。应完善我国土地市场和加强国土基金使用管理。应加快土地资源的市场配置．完善国有土地有偿使用制度．推进国有土地使用权的招标、拍卖和挂牌出让。建立土地收购储备制度．以促进土地的可持续利用。完善城镇土地的出租制．采取长租、短租或临时出租等方式，以保证土地的长期收益。建立集体土地流转制度。成立国土基金专户．国土基金专款专用．收支两条线．实行国土基金的计划管理制度和监管制度。     

基于监管发电商报价行为的FSS—SVM模型

从电力监管部门的角度出发,提出研究发电商整体报价行为的FSS—SVM模型,它能剔除外部因素的干扰,真实、有效地反映发电商报价行为的随机分布特征,并能揭示人为因素导致的异常报价行为,对电力监管部门的有效监控和风险防范提供新的方法。     

浅谈建筑施工企业组成投标联合体

建筑市场目前竞争非常激烈,在许多大型建设工程中建筑施工企业需要组成联合体共同参与竞标。运用博弈论理论对投标人参与联合体投标进行了博弈分析,研究了联合体的相关内容、如何选择联合体合作伙伴,以及联合体在投标中的优势。     

论基于博弈论的投标报价建模方法

随着我国经济建设的发展,建筑市场的规范、有序化管理已经逐步形成,其中招投标制度在工程承发包交易行为公开、公平、提高工程质量、发挥投资效益、防止腐败和不正当竞争等方面均起到了很好的促进作用。根据现行的主要招投标评标方法,分析基于博弈论建立与之相适应的投标博弈模型的方法,为施工企业投标的科学决策提供借鉴。     

The Impact of Timing on Bidding Behavior in Procurement Auctions of Contracts with Private Costs

We provide a comparison of bidding behavior between multi-round and single-round auctions considering bid lettings for asphalt construction contracts that are known to have primarily private costs. Using a reduced-form difference-in-difference approach as well as the nonparametric estimation technique that was proposed by Racine and Li (J Econom 119(1):99–130, 2004) we find that bidding is more aggressive in a sequential multi-round setting than in a simultaneous single-round format. We explore potential causes for the bidding difference across formats that are related to synergies and the level of bidder participation.     

一种辅助工程项目投标决策ANN方法

工程项目投标决策问题不确定性较强，受决策者主观意志影响较大，如果施工单位不加选择地盲目投标，势必会给企业生产经营带来混乱，并且造成极大的浪费。借助于有效利用企业历史投标数据的理念，提出了一种基于人工神经网络（ANN）的量化计算方法，通过构建BP神经网络模型对企业历史投标数据进行信息挖掘，进而对拟投标项目进行评估预测，可以较好地解决由于决策者主观影响带来的决策失误问题。通过实例阐述了利用MATLAB编程进行计算的过程。     

EPC项目投标报价方法及影响因素研究

我国EPC总承包商在投标报价时面临设计深度不足、施工过程不确定性大等风险,导致其投标报价的难度相较于传统承发包模式更大,为保证总承包企业在EPC项目中能够获得最佳的收益,本文在EPC总承包项目投标报价特征的基础上,分析投标报价的内容及其计算方法,并对EPC总承包项目投标报价的影响因素进行识别与阐述,最后辅以工程实例进行说明。研究结论为总承包企业在EPC项目中的投标报价起借鉴作用,进而促进我国EPC总承包模式的健康发展。     

无标底招标实施的风险及对策研究

无标底招标是我国建筑市场发展的必然趋势，也是加入WTO后我国建设工程交易的主要方式。文章分析了无标底招标的内涵，并通过对无标底招标实施的风险的剖析，提出了应对风险的对策和建议。     

建筑工程项目业主与监理的信息不对称分析

运用委托——代理理论，对工程建设市场上业主与监理之间的信息不对称问题进行了分析，以完善建筑工程项目监理制度，在此基础上，提出了解决招投标阶段和合同履约阶段信息不对称问题的办法。     

Last-Minute Bidding in Sequential Auctions with Unobserved, Stochastic Entry

Using a dataset of calculator auctions on eBay, we first show that last-minute bidding is not merely the result of bidders’ going to the next-to-close auction. Instead, bidding is concentrated at the end of the period in which the auction is the next to close, suggesting the existence of strategic last-minute bidding. Then, we model repeated, ascending price auctions for homogeneous goods with unobserved, stochastic entry. We show that the dynamic game has a pure-strategy symmetric equilibrium in which entrants always reveal themselves by bidding in the auction in which they arrive, and bidding occurs at the last minute.     

Auction Reforms for Effective Official Development Assistance

Auctions, which are applicable to aid-related procurement systems, have been recently recognized as an important tool for improving economic efficiency. Using data on procurement auctions for Japanese official development assistance projects, the equilibrium bid function is estimated. The data reveals that a 1% increase in the number of bidders decreases the equilibrium bid by about 0.2%. This implies that strengthening competition at procurement auctions lowers contract prices and mitigates the heavy indebtedness of developing countries. Auctions are also instrumental in fostering local business environment and governance. For intensifying bidding competition, it is useful to introduce an electronic bidding system, encourage local firms to jointly bid, and relax excessive qualification requirements.     

总承包单位做好国际工程投标的几点思考

做好国际工程投标工作是开拓国际市场、创建国际型工程公司的前提和保证。文章就选择投标项目和投标方式、组织投标和抓住投标工作重点、开展详细的调研工作、准确计算工程造价及合理运用投标策略等几个方面进行了论述。     

Balancing Power Markets in Germany: Timing Matters

This paper analyzes timing issues on the German balancing power market. We focus the analysis on the length of the bidding period, i.e. the length of the time period a supplier has to provide balancing power capacities, and the question of how far before the beginning of a bidding period the auction should be carried out. We show that different load levels require different plants for the optimal provision of balancing power. In a longer bidding period, the power plants that have the lowest average cost in the bidding period are unlikely to be efficient in all hours of the bidding period. Hence, shortening bidding periods can increase efficiency. Furthermore, we show that an early commitment on a power plant’s mode of operation (when uncertainty about resulting spot prices is still relatively high) also reduces efficiency. This suggests that the auction should be held relatively close to the beginning of the bidding period. Furthermore, we discuss some advantages of a liquid real time market.     

城市交通低碳发展策略的系统动力学分析——基于土地利用视角

随着城市环境的恶化,城市低碳交通建设迫在眉睫。本文从土地利用角度构建城市交通碳排放与土地利用的系统动力学模型,得出城市交通低碳发展的两种策略,并以长春市为例,对两种策略方案进行了仿真分析。结果表明,提高土地利用强度和增大土地混合利用程度均能使交通碳排放减少,而且增加土地多样性程度的实施效果要优于土地利用强度的提高。     

建筑工程施工投标报价策略与技巧

工程施工招标投标是建筑市场竞争的摹本方式，价的分析与评估，如何使用投标报价的策略技巧等问题，投标竞争中获胜得到最关键的问题。如何做出具有竞争力的投标报价如何进行投标报是建筑施工企业能否在激烈的国内国际工程施工。     

基于微分博弈的发电商报价模型及其分析

基于微分博弈原理,构建了发电商报价动态模型,在运用Hamilton—Jacobi—Bellman方法对其进行求解基础上,针对3家发电商的情况进行了数值仿真分析。分析表明：高边际成本的发电商报价策略的动态均衡会大于其Coumot-Nash均衡,而边际成本较低的发电商报价策略的动态均衡略低于CoumotoNash均衡;随贴现率的增大,发电商的均衡报价策略会经历由递增到递减的变化过程,而学习速度对发电商报价策略的影响则是相反的;当贴现率与学习速度同时变化时,对市场出清价的局部影响较为复杂,但当两者同时逐渐增大时,发电商报价策略的动态均衡会逐渐稳定在较高水平。