公司债券市场立法国际比较及启示

公司债券市场是现代资本市场的基本组成部分。加强我国公司债券市场的制度建设是一项十分迫切的任务。如何完善公司债券法律制度,明确公司债券市场定位,确立集中统一监管体制,以及公司债券市场与股票市场和上市公司的依托发展,这些都是公司债券市场完善过程中亟待思考和解决的问题。     

中国债券市场的可预测性和分割性研究

本文研究了中国债券市场综合收益、长短期债券收益差异、银行间市场和交易所市场收益差异的样本内和样本外可预测性。本文选取宏观、中观（市场）、微观3个层面27个变量以及利用主成分分析法生成6个主成分变量作为预测变量,发现中国债券市场综合收益率在剥离了特殊品种债券之后具有一定的样本内和样本外可预测性。基于主成分提取的预测变量的预测能力更强,部分宏观经济指标和市场层面指标都可以预测债市风险溢价。基于27个指标提取的第一主成分对期限溢价、场所溢价在样本内均有较强的预测能力,而样本外可预测性较差。本文结论表明,我国债券市场容易受到宏观经济影响,银行间市场和交易所市场在市场功能上并没有很大的差异,两个市场的分割随着债券市场的波动而加剧。     

FINANCIAL CRISES AND INTERNATIONAL STOCK MARKET VOLATILITY TRANSMISSION

This paper examines the interplay between stock market returns and their volatility, focusing on the Asian and global financial crises of 1997–98 and 2008–09 for Australia, Singapore, the UK, and the US. We use a multivariate generalised autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (MGARCH) model and weekly data (January 1992–June 2009). Based on the results obtained from the mean return equations, we could not find any significant impact on returns arising from the Asian crisis and more recent global financial crises across these four markets. However, both crises significantly increased the stock return volatilities across all of the four markets. Not surprisingly, it is also found that the US stock market is the most crucial market impacting on the volatilities of smaller economies such as Australia. Our results provide evidence of own and cross ARCH and GARCH effects among all four markets, suggesting the existence of significant volatility and cross volatility spillovers across all four markets. A high degree of time‐varying co‐volatility among these markets indicates that investors will be highly unlikely to benefit from diversifying their financial portfolio by acquiring stocks within these four countries only.     

THE IMPACT OF INTERNATIONAL OUTSOURCING ON LABOUR MARKET DYNAMICS IN GERMANY

Using an administrative data set containing daily information on individual workers' employment histories, we investigate how workers' labour market transitions are affected by international outsourcing. In order to do so, we estimate hazard rate models for match separations, as well as for worker flows from employment to another job, to unemployment, and to nonparticipation. Outsourcing has a positive but small impact on overall job stability in the manufacturing sector, and considerably increases job stability in the service sector. However, the effect of outsourcing varies strongly across skill levels and age groups, with negative effects for some workers. This is especially the case in the manufacturing sector, where the hazard of transiting to nonemployment rises with international outsourcing for medium‐skilled and older workers.     

成都国际旅游市场旅游流特征的分析

旅游地与客源地、旅游地与其它旅游地,以及省内旅游地之间的关系,表明了旅游流的特征,体现了成都国际旅游市场中,区域内近距离市场强于远距离市场的特点,说明了成都与中国其它旅游热点城市之间的补充和辐射关系,反映了省内国际旅游网络对成都国际旅游业发展的重要性。成都国际旅游应开拓欧美长程旅游市场,同时发展大旅游,积极建设省内国际旅游网络。     

GOVERNMENT BOND YIELDS AT THE EFFECTIVE LOWER BOUND: INTERNATIONAL EVIDENCE

Empirical evidence on the potential impact of central bank policies on government bond yields at the effective lower bound (ELB) is presented for nine economies. We quantify the content of central bank communications and consider international policy spillovers. Yields at the medium‐to‐longer end of the yield curve remain responsive to news for a few years after the ELB is reached. Yields become more sensitive to the content central bank communication at the ELB. Our results provide further evidence that central bank communication is an important element of monetary policy making when the interest rate tool loses efficacy. (JEL E52, E58, G12, F42)     

NON-SEPARABLE CONSUMPTION-LABOR CHOICE AND THE INTERNATIONAL TRANSMISSION OF MONETARY POLICY SHOCKS: A NOTE

This paper derives in the model developed by Obstfeld and Rogoff (1995) a steady state that is stationary in the presence of monetary policy shocks. To this end, the impact of monetary policy shocks on the current account is shut off by assuming that the preferences of households exhibit a particular non-separability between consumption and labor supply. [F31, F41]     

INTERNATIONAL DEVIATIONS FROM THE LAW OF ONE PRICE: THE ROLE OF SEARCH FRICTIONS AND MARKET SHARE*

This article examines the size and persistence of international deviations from the law of one price in an industry with search frictions. Cost differences lead foreign and domestic firms to price differently within countries. When local firms are more common in each country, there are large and persistent price differences across countries. Large and persistent changes in international relative costs lead to large and persistent changes in international relative prices. Dynamic considerations imply that the amount of a cost shock firms pass through to prices is U‐shaped in the market share of firms receiving the shock.     

论期货市场的空间组织

本文探讨了期货市场发育的区位条件与空间组织的基本规律，分析了我国期货市场发育中存在的主要问题，提出了优化我国期货市场空间组织的对策。     

THE EXTENT OF THE WORLD COFFEE MARKET

This paper employs a novel method to determine whether the prices of various types of coffee are co-integrated. In the spirit of Stigler's arbitrage definition of the market, an attempt is made to test whether all the prices co-integrate in pairs, implying that there is a single market for coffee. This test for co-integration is carried out using both linear and non-linear approaches. This finding demonstrates that the conclusions drawn from the linear and non-linear tests may be drastically different.     

杭州国际旅游形象再定位和对杭州国际旅游发展的思考

作为国内知名的风景旅游城市，杭州在国际市场上的知名度并不高。因此，对杭州国际旅游形象的再定位，将有利于杭州国际旅游市场的开拓和发展。杭州的地方性和特色决定了杭州的国际旅游形象为“生活的城市”(A City of Life)。杭州国际旅游的进一步发展需要加快城市环境的国际化、城市公共服务的国际化，完善旅游信息化系统，重视城市文化的特色化、语言环境的国际化，并面向国际市场推出新的旅游产品。     

THE SENSITIVITY OF INTERNATIONAL POVERTY COMPARISONS

Using data from the Luxembourg Income Study, I study the sensitivity of cross-national income poverty comparisons to the method in which poverty is measured. Absolute poverty comparisons that keep the purchasing power at the poverty line constant across countries lead to conclusions that differ from relative poverty comparisons in which the real value of the poverty line varies with average income. The absolute poverty ranking of countries also varies as the real value of the poverty line is lowered. Cross-national differences in household characteristics are largely irrelevant in explaining poverty differences.     

政府与市场秩序的形成

市场秩序主要是一种内生和演化的秩序,大力发展市场经济是市场秩序形成的前提条件。政府在市场秩序形成和完善方面可以发挥应有的作用。政府与市场边界的恰当划分是构建市场秩序的一项重要内容,政府应当是宪制政府、服务政府和有限政府。治理整顿市场秩序的同时也要治理整顿政府自身。