The Relationship between International and Domestic Soybean Prices in the Long Term and Short Term——An Empirical Study Based on Cointegration Theory and Error Correction Model

基于1998年1月-2010年11月的月度数据,利用协整理论以及误差修正模型等方法对国际大豆市场和国内大豆市场之间的关系进行实证分析.研究结果发现:国际国内大豆市场价格之间在长期具有均衡稳定的协整关系,国际市场大豆价格的波动显著影响着我国市场大豆价格的变动;国际大豆价格波动向国内市场传导的过程具有由短期波动到长期均衡的自我修正的动态机制;国际国内大豆市场反向的因果关系并不成立,国内大豆市场对国际大豆市场影响有限.因此,为维持我国大豆市场价格的稳定,需要采取有效措施,建立国际价格预警体系,提高国内大豆产量,完善农产品期货市场,充分发挥农产品进口及收储政策的调控作用.     

Constructing the Win-win situation between Capital and High-tech

China is expected to realize its all-around comfortable life as well as industrialization within 20 years or so. The statethus carries out an array of new strategies, such as, in terms of regions, the strategies of all-around development of thewestern area and the northeast area's industry bases, and in terms of industries, the strategies of rationalizing industrystructure, speeding up the development in high-tech industry as well as improving traditional industries by means ofhigh tech. Definitely, the high tech industry plays a vital part in not only residents'daily life such as food, clothes,housing as well as transportation but the process of rationalizing industry structure, signaling that with the soaringdevelopment in China economy, its high-tech industry is to enjoy another spring.     

ied,scored and sequenced to the coll

ata relevant to the soil fertility in the selected plots by using PCA.The result showed that the score of 13 years-old Eucalyptus camalduensi     

The Significant Variations about the <Unicom Customs and Practice for Documentary Credit> in UCP600 and the Impact to the Parties

At the present,there are many problems during the period of execution of the UCP500 in the practice,and its contents have already failed to follow the variations of the reality. It seems that such customs cannot be in accordance with the improvement at the times because of lots of cases related to the UCP 500.In the period of the modification of the UCP500,the ICC adopted the reasonable terms of all kinds of relevant publications ,opinions and decisions which were issued by ICC after UCP500 coming into execution. In fact,UCP600 actually represents the changes in the modern international banking,transportation business and the insurance industry.     

Historic Nodes in the Chinization of Marxist Economic Thought——An Analysis of the First Half of the 20th Century

20世纪上半期,中国革命的伟大实践,马克思主义研究的日益深入,为马克思主义经济思想中国化提供了丰富的营养.中国的先进分子运用马克思主义,论证了中国经济的性质,剖析了中国半封建半殖民地经济形态的基本规律,构建了新民主主义经济思想的框架,形成了马克思主义经济思想中国化发展的三大“节点”,对马克思主义经济思想的发展,以及20世纪下半期中国经济的改造产生了深远影响.     

Transatlantic wage gaps and the migration decision: Europe–Canada in the 1920s

As has been seen in other contexts, workers in similar occupations earned much higher wages in Canada than Europe during the 1920s. This observation and related aspects of immigration are addressed with a life-cycle model of the migration decision. The characteristics of immigrants from five European countries: Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, and Sweden, are explored in a way that sheds light not just on those population flows but on the process of immigration generally. We draw on passenger manifests from immigrant ships for information on the individual migrants. Simulations, based partly on the these manifests, reveal that the costs of migration, borrowing constraints, concern for status, and country-specific taste preferences account for key immigrant characteristics, and help explain the large wage differentials that persisted despite Canada’s relatively open immigration policy.     

Where is the opportunity without the customer? An integration of marketing activities, the entrepreneurship process, and institutional theory

Marketing and entrepreneurship have long been recognized as two key responsibilities of the firm. Despite their tight integration in practice, marketing and entrepreneurship as domains of scholarly inquiry have largely progressed within their respective disciplinary boundaries with minimal cross-disciplinary fertilization. Furthermore, although firms increasingly undertake their marketing and entrepreneurial activities across diverse settings, academe has provided little insight into how changes in the institutional environment may substantially alter the processes and outcomes of these undertakings. Herein, we integrate research on marketing activities, the entrepreneurship process, and institutional theory in an effort to address this gap. We first discuss market orientation as enhancing a firm??s opportunity recognition and innovation, whereas marketing mix decisions enhance opportunity exploitation. We then examine how entrepreneurship leads to innovation directed toward market orientation and marketing mix activities. Based on this foundation, we examine differences in marketing and entrepreneurship activities across institutional contexts.     

Health, market integration, and the urban height penalty in the US, 1847–1894

This study analyzes trends and determinants of the height of men born in the 100 largest American urban areas during the second half of the nineteenth century and compares them with heights of the rural population. In this sample of 21,704 US Army recruits, there is an urban height penalty of up to 0.58 in. (1.5 cm). An increment in urban population of 100,000 is associated with a height decrease of about 0.31 in. (0.8 cm). Urban heights declined after 1855 followed by stagnation until the early 1890s, whereas rural heights stagnated from the late 1840s until 1885. Urban recruits from the northeast were 0.46 in. (1.2 cm) shorter than urban Midwestern recruits. There is some evidence of a height convergence between large and small cities toward the end of the century and of an inverted U-shaped relationship between height and city size. Urban heights were positively correlated with the extent of the railroad network, the real wage rate in the manufacturing sector, and high socioeconomic status, while they were negatively correlated with the death rate, and the percentage of the city’s population employed in manufacturing.