Post‐Reunification Restructuring and Corporate Re‐bundling in the Bitterfeld‐Wolfen Chemical Industry,East Germany

While earlier research has shown that regional restructuring after reunification has led to broad de‐industrialization processes in eastern Germany's chemical industry, this article focuses on how re‐bundling processes at the corporate level have stimulated adjustments to the changing economic and political environment leading to a renewed regional development trajectory. The analysis is based on a conceptualization that assesses diachronic processes of rupture and re‐bundling by applying a bottom‐up perspective of how corporate adjustments and restructuring processes generate re‐bundling types that manifest themselves in broader regional re‐bundling scenarios. The empirical analysis focuses on a qualitative case study of Bitterfeld‐Wolfen, the eastern region with the largest chemical industry. The research provides evidence that, although new firm formation has remained weak and acquisitions of chemical multinationals have generated structures only tenuously embedded in the regional economy, modernization and re‐bundling process have contributed to a renewed, smaller yet stable, regional chemical industry. The analysis further shows that the associated processes depended on the roles of individual industrial leaders in the region, who acted as network builders, mobilized joint action and stimulated the development of a collective regional spirit.     

基于产业集群环境下的泉州物流业发展研究

随着产业经济的发展,在区域经济中涌现出了大量各具特色的产业集群。以福建省泉州市为例,泉州产业集群经济快速发展,是全市经济发展的重要组成部分,泉州也成为了全国产业集群效应最明显的地区之一。区域经济的快速发展给物流业提供了良好的机会,然而当前泉州市物流业发展还远远不能满足产业集群经济发展的需要,产业集群经济对物流业提出了更高的要求。因此,只有加快解决物流业现存的问题才能更好地服务于区域经济,为加快产业集群优化升级和区域经济的发展做出贡献。     

环境治理、技术进步与绿色经济发展绩效

以2003—2020年我国30个省份作为研究样本，构建动态面板模型探讨环境治理和绿色经济发展绩效之间的关系，并利用中介效应模型研究环境治理通过技术进步影响区域绿色经济发展绩效的中介效应。研究结果表明，环境治理与区域绿色经济发展绩效之间存在正U型关系，即环境治理对绿色经济发展具有先抑制后促进的作用；技术进步在环境治理影响区域绿色经济发展绩效中发挥中介作用，且技术进步能够显著促进区域绿色经济发展绩效提升；环境治理对绿色经济发展绩效的影响呈现出地区差异性，南方地区表现出明显的正U型关系，而北方地区两者关系不显著。     

The business case for sustainability? An examination of small firms in the UK's construction and restaurant sectors

Studies show that despite a concerted attempt by UK policy‐makers to portray ‘eco‐efficiency’ measures as cost reducing, most owner‐managers of small firms view environmental measures as expensive to undertake. As a result, owner‐managers tend to be highly resistant to voluntarily improving their environmental performance. Given that SMEs are such a vast sector of the economy, this perceived discord between profits and environmental protection is clearly a major barrier to the ‘greening’ of industry. This ESRC‐funded study has sought to unearth the underlying motivations for why SME owner‐managers in the UK resist or accept the idea that there are business benefits for improving their environmental performance. The findings from 40 in‐depth interviews with SME owners in the UK's construction and restaurant sectors and 12 ‘key informants’ from industry and government are presented, followed by a discussion of SME perspectives on the ‘business case’ for sustainability and its implications for policy‐makers. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.     

Regional development and sources of superior performance across textile and IT sectors in Taiwan

The rapid growth and industrialization of Taiwan's textile and IT sectors, mainly comprised of small and medium-sized enterprises, has prompted an array of explanations among academics, including neoliberalism, structural-institutionalism, flying geese patterns, regional networks and economic geography. Drawing on neoliberal, structural-institutional, regional networking and economic geographic views in that strong Taiwanese entrepreneurial culture is important to its textile and IT sector development, this study shares their positive perspectives in influencing the sources of profitability differentials among Taiwan's textile and IT firms in international competitiveness. Researchers investigating the sources of performance differences among firms have focused mainly on the relative importance of industry and firm factors. Specifically, this study employs Taiwan's business database to examine industry and firm effects on profitability differentials in these sectors using return on assets and the economic performance measures of economic value added and market value added. A variance components model is proposed, and findings indicate that firm effects dominate performance while industry effects have little impact. Our discussion reconciles results with those of previous studies.     

产融结合的区域经济联动分析

从东西方政治经济学解析金融体系与产业经济的影响，具体是区域地理大发现和现代产业经济革命的渊源，以及世界上最早的宋朝纸币货币发展历史追溯，揭示现代金融学的产业渊源。并且通过1997年亚洲金融危机和美国次贷危机对我国经济的影响，阐述世界金融和货币体系对实体经济的影响，尤其是产业龙头、产业七寸和产业配套的产业链条的市场销售额的时间序列分析、销售额分析、带动力分析。从市场和价格两个角度剖析扩大内需和协调外贸市场对经济的改善作用，通过发展交通、扩大物流实现区域经济联动，使区域经济和产融结合。     

The Effects of Foreign Direct Investment Colocation: Differences Between Manufacturing and Service Firms

Colocation may result in positive performance effects because of agglomeration benefits or in negative outcomes because of fiercer competition. Using the notions of industrial organization economics, this study offers a comprehensive industry‐specific analysis on the performance effects of international colocation. We predict that bigger firms will benefit more from colocation of foreign firms in a host country. Considering industry and home country peers, the analysis suggests that positive effects dominate for manufacturing firms whereas service firms are negatively affected. However, these effects are mitigated by a firm's size in a location. A large‐scale empirical analysis on firm‐level data supports the hypotheses. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Prices Revisited: Their Effects on Industrial Structure

In January 1986, Spain became a member of the European Economic Community (now the European Union). This had two major effects on the Spanish economy: first, the introduction of a new tax, i. e. value-added tax; second, the variation of foreign trade taxes. The new situation produced considerable changes throughout the Spanish economy, but the main effect was on the country's industrial structure. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to verify how Spain's industrial production system was affected by these two facts, in view of price variations induced by the circumstances mentioned. We present the analysis at the regional level.     

浅析产业集群对县域经济发展的推动作用——关于江苏高淳县域经济发展的思考

产业集群作为产业发展的一种内在规律,也是市场资源优化配置及产业要素合理运用的客观要求。提升区域经济综合竞争力同时推动区域经济发展的有效途径之一就是提升区域产业集群的持续竞争力。县域经济作为县级行政区划的地域内统筹安排和优化经济社会资源而形成的开放的、功能完备并具有地域特色的区域经济,它的发展同样需要利用区域经济的许多发展理论。文章通过对产业集群对县域经济发展的推动作用进行浅析,提出关于江苏高淳如何利用自身优势而建立产业集群从而加快县域经济发展的建议。     

Transport Infrastructure and Logistics in the Making of Dubai Inc.

This article interrogates the political economy of Dubai's Jebel Ali Port, ranked among the top ten container ports internationally by traffic, and its operating conglomerate, Dubai Ports World (DP World). The article aims to situate trade infrastructure in the production of Dubai's economic geography as a sea–air multimodal trading hub. Three interrelated arguments are put forward: that port infrastructure plays an essential role in linking diverse moments of capital accumulation in Dubai; that Dubai's state‐owned conglomerates have overseen a substantial internationalization of Dubai's capital through maritime port public–private partnership arrangements; and that the particularities of Dubai's repressive labour regime underpin its role in the logistics industry internationally.     

Dismantled Spatial Fixes in the Aftermath of Recession: Capital Switching and Labour Underutilization in the Greek Capital Metropolitan Region

The article offers a fresh, empirically grounded look at the spatialities of crisis‐triggered employment forms—a largely overlooked issue in contemporary critical geography literature. Specifically, it discusses the interconnection between investment flows from manufacturing to the built environment (capital switching) and underemployment in urban metropolitan regions to substantiate its impact on emerging spatial fixities. The article, which is based on an empirical analysis informed by a radical political economy, investigates changing fixed capital formations in Greece over an extended period prior to and during the recession, from 1995 to 2012. It traces the evolution of part‐time waged work in the capital metropolitan region of Attica (Athens) vis‐à‐vis the rest of the country's regional labour markets, focusing on the polarized 2005–2012 period and the demise of the construction industry. The article highlights that ‘disrupted’ capital switching that occurred in Greece, closely associated with recalibrated sectoral priorities and institutional interventions, resulted in the uneven sprawling of underemployment. Our findings offer insight into how the dismantling of spatial fixes within core metropolitan regions of the southern European Union (and beyond) are connected to labour surplus and successive slumps in manufacturing and construction. The article closes by calling for new theorizations of contemporary urban regional unevenness and its spatiotemporal fixities, which account for the role of changes in labour turnover time.     

贸易开放是否影响了中国产业结构升级？

研究目标：探讨贸易开放是否影响了中国产业结构升级。研究方法：利用2003～2014年省际面板数据,采用中介效应检验方法。研究发现：贸易开放在加快产业结构整体优化的同时还有助于服务业与工业内部行业的变革。同时,贸易开放可以借助增加物质资本积累、刺激消费需求、提升技术进步、促进制度变革等方式间接加速产业结构整体升级和产业结构高级化发展。加工贸易对产业结构升级的促进力度小于非加工贸易,东部地区对产业结构升级的促进力度大于中西部地区,欧美发达国家对产业结构升级的促进力度大于东亚发达国家。研究创新：深入探讨了贸易开放影响产业结构升级的理论机制,并从产业间与产业内视角构建多维产业结构升级指数检验贸易开放对产业结构升级的影响。研究价值：有利于缩小贸易区域差异以及环境承载力差异对产业结构升级的影响,为实现产业转型升级提供科学决策依据。     

360‐degree feedback with systematic coaching: Empirical analysis suggests a winning combination

Wanted: High‐performance work practices to gain a competitive advantage. An increasingly common answer to this desperate call is 360‐degree programs; unfortunately, they have, at best, mixed reviews when empirically assessed. This study found that a way to improve the effectiveness of 360s may be to combine them with coaching focused on enhanced self‐awareness and behavioral management. In a small manufacturer, this feedback‐coaching resulted in improved manager and employee satisfaction, commitment, intentions to turnover, and at least indirectly, this firm's performance. This feedback‐coaching may be a winning combination to help in the competitive battles in today's global economy. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

意大利家具产业集群发展的经验对我国区域产业发展的启示

研究国外产业集群的经验与做法,对于积极推动区域产业发展有重要的现实意义。由于我国产业集群大部分也是中小企业组成,这一点和意大利家具产业集群非常相似,对于现阶段的我国有必要借鉴国外产业集群发展的经验,从而把握区域产业发展的一些特性,根据产业集群发展的一般规律,对已经或正在形成的产业集群加大扶持力度,以集群化作为区域产业发展战略的重点。     

高新技术企业集群——地区产业结构升级的推进器

知识经济时代,高新技术产业成为产业结构升级的龙头。高新技术企业集群,一方面从要素、需求、相关产业和企业战略、结构与竞争四个方面来推动地区高新技术产业更快地发展;另一方面凭借集群的组织结构、竞争、合作以及文化优势,持续地进行技术创新,利用新技术来提升传统产业,促进地区产业结构的升级。     

Effect of local government decision‐making competition on carbon emissions: Evidence from China's three urban agglomerations

Analyzing the effect of local government decision‐making competition on regional carbon emissions is important for reducing carbon emissions in rapidly urbanizing areas. Taking the energy rebound effect into account, this study analyzes the effect on carbon emissions of competition between local governments in decision making. Focusing on China's three urban agglomerations, this study further discusses how to avoid this influence. The results show that local government decision‐making competition is one of the main causes of the regional “green paradox”; the effect of local government decision‐making competition on carbon emissions has significant regional heterogeneity and spatial dependence, and the short‐term energy rebound effect is greater than the long‐term energy rebound effect; and local government decision‐making competition has three effects on carbon emissions that also have interaction and substitution effects between them: factor market distortion, investment bias, and the “race to the bottom” of environmental policies. However, four measures can reduce the effect of local government decision‐making competition on carbon emissions: one, improving the performance evaluation system of local governments; two, promoting the marketization of factor prices; three, improving both the energy efficiency and upgrading of industrial structures; and four, introducing macro emission reduction policies that allow the central government to intervene directly.     

The Influence of New Technology on the Home Market Competition and the Strategies Chosen by Norwegian Savings Banks in 2000–2010

The adjustment to the new competitive environment is expected to vary by the bank's status in the home market. Six hypotheses on the conduct of dominant vs. fringe banks are tested on Norwegian savings banks in 2000–2010. As expected, monopolies are the slowest to cut costs or to expand into further‐away markets. Fringe banks try to defend their positions as efficient providers of standard quality, whereas dominant oligopoly banks compete head‐on with both adjacent small and regional large savings banks. They adopt innovations faster and make more efforts to diversify, cut costs, and improve quality as means of competition. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

产业集聚带动下的规模效应和区域创新能力分析——以安徽省汽车产业为例

本文在梳理产业集聚理论基础上,以安徽省汽车产业集聚为例,对安徽省产业集聚所面临的国内外环境进行了简要分析,并且对安徽汽车产业集聚对区域经济的规模效应以及区域创新能力的带动作用进行了深入分析;最后就安徽汽车产业集聚发展过程中的问题,提出了对安徽汽车产业集聚对区域经济的规模效应以及区域创新能力增长的建议。     

陕西承接东部产业转移的物流能力分析

随着我国经济快速发展,区域物流产业对经济增长和产业转移的促进作用越来越明显。本文根据西部地区现承接东部产业转移和物流的实际发展情况,归纳总结影响西部地区承接产业转移物流因素,对陕西承接东部产业转移的物流能力因素进行分析,最后提出了相应的对策和建议。     

东北地区产业结构升级城市化响应的历史路径及其驱动因素分析

综合分析东北地区产业结构升级城市化响应的历史路径,划分四个阶段,即自然经济发展与早期城镇发育阶段、近代工业结构形成与城市兴起阶段、重工业基地建设与城镇体系发展阶段以及现代产业结构演进与城市结构调整阶段。认为资源禀赋及其地域组合、交通区位条件变化、外部势力的介入、国家计划投资以及对外贸易与外商投资等是驱动东北地区产业结构升级城市化响应的历史变化的主要因素。