国土资源大调查成果社会化服务评估体系

国土资源大调查成果社会化服务评估是一项紧迫而且难度较大的研究工作。国土资源大调查成果社会化服务评估的指标体系包括:立项阶段的评估指标、实施阶段各类项目的评估指标和年度专项成果、集成/计划项目成果的社会化服务评估指标。     

依靠矿产综合利用技术进步为新一轮国土资源大调查服务

本文以矿产综合利用为例，阐明依靠技术进步为新一轮国土资源大调查服务的重要性、预期成果以及我们的努力方向。     

赤峰市国土资源调查需求分析

随着我国经济的迅猛发展,矿产开发与利用对于经济的贡献将会越来越大,自1999年实施的国土资源大调查计划旨在完善我国国土资源相关数据库,更好地服务资源型城市发展.赤峰市作为内蒙古自治区重要的资源型城市,目前正处于依靠资源平稳发展的阶段.将其作为典型城市来研究国土资源调查工作进展情况和矿产资源开发利用现状,对赤峰市国土资源大调查今后的工作重点和方向有着重要意义,也对处于类似发展阶段的资源型城市经济发展有着重要参考价值.赤峰市国土资源调查有进展,但也存在不少问题,应继续加大政府对国土资源调查的资金投入,完善相关法律法规,治理国土资源系统内部不合理的方面,进一步深化国土资源调查工作,使工作成果服务于生产.     

国土资源大调查统计数据质量与可靠性之我见

国土资源大调查是模拟市场运作的国家基础性、公益性、战略性地质工作,它的直接成果是国土资源大调查统计数据,就统计数据本身而言,质量和可靠性是衡量其使用价值的重要尺度.文章阐述了提高国土资源大调查统计数据质量与可靠性的必要性,分析了影响其质量与可靠性的因素,提出如何提高国土资源大调查统计数据质量的对策.     

土地管理要建数字档案馆

国土资源部提出,在"十五"期间实施"数字国土工程",建立较为完整的国土资源信息化系统,初步实现国土资源调查评价、政务管理和社会服务三个主流程的信息化和现代化.     

从预算管理角度看国土资源调查专项资金管理

国土资源调查专项资金是中央财政为支持国家基础性、公益性、战略性国土资源综合调查评价工作而设立的专项基金。对专项基金的管理,应遵循财政部、国土资源部颁发的《国土资源调查专项资金管理暂行办法》的要求,充分考虑国土资源大调查工作的实际情况,科学地规范国土资源大调查项目预算的编制与审查,做好预算费用标准的调整、补充和规范工作,并要求相关部门、单位及相关人员各负其责,以实现国土资源调查专项资金预算管理的目标。     

农用地分等定级及估价成果应用初探——以广东省丰顺县为例

农用地分等定级工作是新一轮国土资源大调查的重要内容。本文在概括其成果应用研究的基础上,以广东省丰顺县为例,分析工作成果,探讨应用方向,为今后县级农用地分等定级估价成果的应用提供借鉴。     

2011年度国土资源科学技术奖情况简评

“十一五”期间,在国土资源部党组的正确领导下,全国国土资源系统和科技工作者,依托国家科技计划、国家专项、国家自然科学基金、国土资源大调查等科技项目,取得了一大批优秀科研成果.2011年度我部荣获国家科学技术奖4项,其中,国家自然科学奖二等奖1项、国家科技进步奖特等奖1项、国家科技进步奖二等奖2项.这些成果取得了巨大的经济效益和显著的社会效益,展示了国土资源系统“十一五”以来的科技成就.     

在国土资源调查评价成果展开幕式上的讲话

（2011年7月5日）在纪念中国共产党九十华诞之际,由国土资源部、发展改革委、财政部共同举办的＂基础先行——国土资源调查评价成果展＂,今天在国家博物馆隆重开幕了。这次展览的主要目的,是向全社会全面系统地回顾总结国土资源调查评价工作的最新成果     

进一步促进公益性地质工作的几点建议--赴江苏、上海、浙江调查报告与体会

文章介绍了江苏、上海、浙江三省市的地勘单位自开展地质大调查以来 ,在国土资源调查评价、地质环境监测、地质灾害防治、农业地质环境调查、地面沉降防治、地下水资源评价等公益性地质工作所取得的成果及社会效益 ,并得出了对公益性地质工作的四点认识。     

农业社会化服务能促进农户采用亲环境农业技术吗

使用亲环境农业技术是治理农业面源污染、改善耕地质量和提升农业绿色发展程度的重要举措.本文基于农业社会化服务视角,采用农户微观调查数据,利用倾向得分匹配法和mvprobit方法,定量测度了农户购买不同环节的农业社会化服务对其亲环境农业技术采用的影响效应.研究结果表明,农户购买农业社会化服务对其采用亲环境农业技术具有显著促...     

State of national land survey and large-scale mapping

There is still a dearth of appropriate and adequate land survey and large-scale mapping coverage in many countries to facilitate more effective land-related planning, development and management. This situation, in relative terms, applies to both developed and developing countries. Fortuitously, technology is now available and accessible to expand land surveys and the production of large-scale maps at the scales required to support planning and sustainable land development and management. What is now required is official public policy recognition, the attribution of a higher level of priority to this issue, and the allocation of adequate resources to implement an expanded production programme of large-scale maps of cities, towns and villages to facilitate more appropriate settlements and other related land development planning.     

土地社会功能分类框架探讨

以土地社会功能的公共服务、经济、社会保障功能为立足点,建立土地社会功能分类框架,并对主要功能内涵进行初步界定。根据分类目的、依据和原则、分类方法,提出分类系统包括公共服务功能、经济功能、保障功能3个一级类,8个二级类以及23个三级类。通过和已有的土地社会功能分类成果对比,本分类框架对土地社会功能界定更为清晰、涵盖更为全面,能够为土地功能的深入研究提供基础依据。     

社会化服务对农户林地规模经营行为的影响研究

以林业栽培技术服务为例,基于1342份实地调研数据运用IVProbit和倾向得分匹配(PSM)模型考察林业社会化服务对林地规模经营行为影响的程度和方向。结果表明:林业栽培技术服务能显著促进农户林地规模经营行为,但对不同林种的影响程度差异较大;林业工作站或技术推广站主导的栽培技术服务在促进农户规模化经营行为中承担主要角色,反映出林业社会化服务的市场化进程相对缓慢,市场化主体供应的服务未能很好地满足农户林地规模化经营的需求。因此,政府应当大力发展林业社会化服务,完善林业生产服务体系,扩大服务的受众面;培育多元化社会化服务主体,推动林业社会化服务专业化和精准化发展。     

土地流转、规模经营对农业社会化服务需求的影响分析*——基于江汉平原393个水稻种植大户的调查

［目的］在土地流转加快、农业适度规模经营不断推进背景下,研究种植大户农业社会化服务的需求状况及其影响因素对现代农业发展意义重大。［方法］文章以江汉平原水稻种植大户为研究对象,采用排序模型重点考察土地流转、规模经营因素对农资服务、技术服务、信息服务、农业贷款、基础设施、农业保险、加工销售等7种农业社会化服务需求的影响。［结果］江汉平原农业社会化服务需求总量还有进一步提升的空间; 土地流转年限、土地规模对农业社会化服务需求有着积极影响; 土地流转价格、土地细碎化程度对农业社会化服务需求产生消极影响。［结论］建议政府加快农业社会化服务供给侧结构性改革,完善土地流转市场,规范土地流转方式,降低土地细碎化程度,推进适度规模经营。     

加强地质调查项目的预算核算建立地质工作的经济管理规范

1999年启动的国土资源大调查项目纳入中央本级项目支出预算管理。本文重点阐述了国土资源大调查项目经费在预算核算中存在的问题,并为适应国家预算改革、建立地质工作经济管理规范,提出了九项建议。     

福建三明市林业社会化服务体系调研报告

通过对福建三明市尤溪县和永安市林业社会化服务体系建设情况的调研发现,当地的林业部门创新服务形式,成立林业服务中心提供多种社会化服务,开通科技服务热线服务林农。集体林改后,林农林业投入增加明显,林业收入占总收入的三成以上。用材林联户经营增加,以大户经营为主,出现提供采伐服务的合作组织。经济林和林下经济的生产规模扩大,生产技术服务和产品销售以农户家庭为主体,合作社发挥作用并不明显,病虫害防治等公共服务不健全。建议:政府加强对合作社的支持和管理,发挥合作社在产前和产中服务林农的功能,促进合作社在带动林农增收中的作用;进一步完善林业服务中心建设,强化公共服务职能;完善基层林业技术服务体系,加强与林农合作社平台对接。     

Linking the ecosystem services approach to social preferences and needs in integrated coastal land use management – A planning approach

Coastal zones with their natural and societal sub-systems are exposed to rapid changes and pressures on resources. Scarcity of space and impacts of climate change are prominent drivers of land use and adaptation management today. Necessary modifications to present land use management strategies and schemes influence both the structures of coastal communities and the ecosystems involved. Approaches to identify the impacts and account for (i) the linkages between social preferences and needs and (ii) ecosystem services in coastal zones have been largely absent. The presented method focuses on improving the inclusion of ecosystem services in planning processes and clarifies the linkages with social impacts. In this study, fourteen stakeholders in decision-making on land use planning in the region of Krummhörn (northwestern Germany, southern North Sea coastal region) conducted a regional participative and informal process for local planning capable to adapt to climate driven changes. It is argued that scientific and practical implications of this integrated assessment focus on multi-functional options and contribute to more sustainable practices in future land use planning. The method operationalizes the ecosystem service approach and social impact analysis and demonstrates that social demands and provision of ecosystem services are inherently connected.     

Local support among arctic residents to a land tenure reform in Finnmark,Norway

Claims for indigenous rights to land and resources are influencing land use policies worldwide. The public’s support for such land tenure arrangements has rarely been investigated. We present a unique case from the Norwegian Arctic, where land claims made by the indigenous Sami people have resulted in the transfer of land tenure and resource management from the government to the residents of Finnmark in 2005. Based on indigenous land claims, a management agency was established, the Finnmark Estate (FeFo), which on the operational level provides Sami and non-Sami users the same services. Public debates and conflicts among politicians and the public framed the political process leading up to this establishment. Based on a survey and interviews in Finnmark, we explored the public’s support for the new land tenure arrangements. We use the term diffuse support to investigate whether residents conform to FeFo’s basic ideas, values and principles, while specific support refers to the supportive attitudes for management actions carried out by the institution. We conclude that there is a general low diffuse support for FeFo among the residents in Finnmark, but a relatively high specific support for the policies and management actions implemented by the estate among those who have experiences with FeFo. We explain the gap between diffuse- and specific support by the historical, social and political processes which led up to the establishment of the land tenure arrangements.     

Integration of stakeholder choices and multi-criteria analysis to support land use planning in semiarid areas

The ecosystem services concept is increasingly considered as a policy tool to achieve the sustainable use of natural resources. However, it is still not sufficiently integrated into land use planning. We assessed five land use types (Tetraclinis articulata woodlands, Pinus halepensis plantations, Shrublands, Cereal-almond crops and Cactus groves) in a semiarid area of northern Morocco using empirical data on 17 ecosystem services whose weights were established by 67 stakeholders. The analysis included MCA and direct ranking of the five land uses. Three groups of stakeholders (scientists and managers, collaborators, and direct users of natural resources) were particularly concerned by water supply, protection against erosion and floods, soil fertility and food provision. Multi-criteria analysis showed that the three groups concurred in that Tetraclinis woodlands, crops and cactus fields were the most suitable land uses for the area, regarding ecosystem service provision. Direct ranking confirmed this tendency but showed some divergence between the three groups, as collaborators and users were more inclined towards crops and cactus. The integration of the ecosystem services concept in land use planning is needed to be more practical and easily perceived as a logical response to environmental exigencies and social aspirations.