节能、环保-车用乙醇汽油研发的风向标

面对着经济建设的飞速发展,汽车燃料问题成为最大的发展瓶颈,故而推广使用车用乙醇汽油是大势所趋.本文阐述了车用乙醇汽油对我国的能源替代有着广阔的发展前景;同时,指出推广使用车用乙醇汽油任重而道远.     

车用乙醇汽油清净剂上市

为了解决使用乙醇汽油在汽车发动机燃油进气系统产生沉积物这一问题,中国石化“海龙”车用乙醇汽油清净剂在国内率先上市。生产车用乙醇汽油的变性燃料乙醇是一种可再生的生物质能源,推广和使用车用乙醇汽油对缓解我国石油消费快速增长, 改善汽车能源结构,促进农业产业化有着重要的意义。车用乙醇汽油在我国正大力推广。     

广西非粮燃料乙醇产业发展取得成效

2008年4月15日．作为我国第一个非粮燃料乙醇试点省份，广西自治区实现封闭运行推广使用车用乙醇汽油，成为我国第十个乙醇汽油推广省份。非粮燃料乙醇试点对促进当地木薯产业结构调整，促进农村就业与农民增收．保障国家粮食安全，实现无铅汽油替代、改善大气环境，具有重要的意义。     

陈化粮的新出路

利用陈化粮生产变性燃料乙醇，把变性燃料乙醇与汽油按一定比例混配成车用乙醇汽油作为汽车燃料。这项新技术使消化陈化粮有了新出路。我国将逐步加大推广使用车用乙醇汽油的力度，争取在“十五”期间在全国重点城市形成推广使用的局面。河南天冠集团公司和黑龙江华润金玉实业有限公司的变性燃料乙醇已相继投产，分别形成２０万ｔ的生产能力。吉林省的变性燃料乙醇新建项目已进入审批程序，可望在２００２年建成投产。《变性燃料乙醇》和《车用乙醇汽油》两项产品国家标准已于２００１年４月２日批准发布，并于２００１年４月１５日其实施。…     

读者问卷调查

按照试点工作的部署和要求，从2006年3月1日起，山东省济南、枣庄、济宁、泰安、临沂、聊城、菏泽7个地市开始封闭运行推广使用车用乙醇汽油。自今年1月8日开始销售乙醇汽油以来，经过近两个月的试运行，市场反馈良好，乙醇汽油销量稳步上升，封闭条件已完全具备。试点区域内，中石化8个临时调配中心全面投入运行，中石油2个临时调配中心也将投入使用。已全部完成改造清洗的中石油、中石化和社会加油站共计4500多家（中石化系统1001家、中石油系统331家、社会加油站3179家）陆续投入使用。     

乙醇汽油脉动

身为河南南阳天冠集团总经理的张晓阳近来忙碌而又兴奋。2004年12月1日，国家决定在河南省全省推广使用车用乙醇汽油，取代以往应用几十年的普通汽油。这意味着．天冠集团新近投建的30万吨燃料乙醇生产线将很快获得收益。     

燃料乙醇是充满希望的新兴产业——对全国生产和使用燃料乙醇情况的调查

面对全球性的石油紧缺，我国在吉林、黑龙江、河南和安徽4个产粮大省的4家公司。用玉米和小麦作原料生产燃料乙醇，在汽油中掺荤10％的燃料乙醇，加工成乙醉汽油，并且开始在长江以北9个省先行试点推广使用乙醇汽油。试行的情况表明，使用乙醇汽油，既可以缓解石油供求矛盾，又可以减少汽车排放污染，改善生态环境，还可以推进农业结构调整，带动农民增产增收，产生了经济、社会和生态等多方面的效益，具有巨大的市场空间，是充满希望的新兴产业；广西具有发展燃料乙醇产业的优势条件，有希望建成全国最大的燃料乙醇基地，并且可以形成一个新的走柱产业。     

民进中央:关于加快发展生鲜农产品冷链配送的提案(摘要)

<正>一是制定农产品包装、运输规范,推广使用环保冷链运输车辆。根据各地气候、农产品特性,制定农产品包装规范。鼓励企业购置符合环保要求的冷链运输车辆,推广城市配送纯电动冷链车应用,推广使用全程温湿度自动监测系统和控制设备,引导和鼓励使用托盘标准化运输。二是优化农产品冷链配送路径,合理配置资源。交通运输主管部门要依法加强对农产品冷链配送车辆经营的规范化管理,完善车辆通行管理措施,会同公安等部门开展需求调查,明确配送运力投放标准、规模和投放计划,加强城市配送车辆标识管理,完善部门协作机     

我国能源替代计划推行的营销对策

我国能源安全形势和能源替代战略的选择随着国际国内能源供需形势的变化日益紧迫。本文尝试以营销的理念和方法,结合我国试点省市和国外推广乙醇汽油的经验,就政府如何更加富有成效地推广能源替代计划提出建议。     

我的车喝了“酒”怎么样

咱平常开的是一辆富康出租车,推广乙醇汽油前,一直都是加93#高清洁汽油,百公里基本上烧9-10个油。由于始终在中石化的正规加油站加油,油的数量质量都能保证,一直就对油没什么感觉。     

Who is exposed to gas prices? How gasoline prices affect automobile manufacturers and dealerships

Many consumers are keenly aware of gasoline prices, and consumer responses to gasoline prices have been well studied. In this paper, by contrast, we investigate how gasoline prices affect the automobile industry: manufacturers and dealerships. We estimate how changes in gasoline prices affect equilibrium prices and sales of both new and used vehicles of different fuel economies. We investigate the implications of these effects for individual auto manufacturers, taking into account differences in manufacturers’ vehicle portfolios. We also investigate effects on manufacturers’ affiliated dealership networks, including effects implied by the changes in used vehicle market outcomes.     

新型汽油抗爆剂NMT的发展及其市场前景

NMT是环戊二烯三羰基锰的产品名称，是一种提高汽油辛烷值的汽油添加剂。用于调合汽油，提高汽油辛烷值，从而生产90号、93号及高标号无铅汽油。NMT不仅能帮助炼油厂汽油产品提高等级，而且能提高高标号汽油的产量。NMT是炼油厂极有价值的辛烷值改进剂。本文主要介绍了新型汽油添加剂NMT的发展过程及其优点、用途、竞争优势和发展前景。     

Investigating the unobserved heterogeneity in consumers’ sensitivity to the price of gasoline

We empirically examined how gasoline prices impact consumers’ shopping behaviors. Using individual panel data on gasoline transactions, we found that gasoline prices generally have a statistically and economically significant impact. However, our disaggregate analysis indicated that, across consumers, considerable heterogeneity was present in the underlying sensitivity to the price of gasoline and in the income effect, resulting from fluctuating gasoline prices. More interestingly, the significant effect of gasoline prices was largely driven by the consumers with large purchase volume, and consumers with the highest level of gasoline consumption remained almost perfectly insensitive to the price of gasoline. Such heterogeneity is also present in the effect of gasoline prices on grocery expenditures, and notably, consumers with the largest purchase volume were not associated with statistically significant changes in grocery expenditures. Theoretical background suggests that the financial constraints of consumers and primary vehicle use may explain about the differences in responses to gasoline prices. Results based on individual-level data allowed for a comprehensive understanding of how and how much gasoline prices affect consumer behaviors and showed that inelastic gasoline demand and the considerable income effect due to gasoline prices may not best describe the effect of gasoline prices.     

Die Dieselkrise und die Besteuerung des Kraftfahrzeugverkehrs

Road traffic in Germany is currently subject to two specific taxes: the energy tax on fossil fuels, like diesel or gasoline, and the motor vehicle tax. However, neither can be justified by either the ability to pay principle or by the benefit principle. They cannot be defended as steering taxes either, since they do not provide appropriate incentives to influence behaviour according to the objectives of environmental policy in general and climate policy in particular. Therefore, it is suggested that the motor vehicle tax be abandoned and the energy tax be transformed into a CO₂ emissions tax. This would require tax rates on the different fossil fuels to be proportional to their respective carbon contents, which, in turn, implies a considerable rise in the price of diesel relative to that of gasoline. As the international competitiveness of German long haul transport companies would suffer if this reform were implemented nationally, a European approach to the reform of road traffic taxation is desirable.     

提高FCC汽油辛烷值的技术进展

辛烷值是汽油质量的主要指标之一。提高汽油辛烷值,生产高品质汽油是炼油工业的重要任务。本文分析了我国汽油质量的现状,介绍了提高汽油辛烷值的途径。     

The impact of a gasoline crisis on retail sales

The gasoline crises of the 1970s demonstrated the need for including gasoline prices and gasoline shortages in models explaining retail sales. In this article, a model is constructed that incorporates the aforementioned variables, other variables, and a lagged sales figure as independent variable. The results indicate a high degree of explanatory power in predicting retail sales for a specialty store chain with a preponderance of their stores in large regional malls that sell a product which lends itself to unplanned purchase behaviour.     

汽车废气排放的成因、危害与对策

汽车在大量消耗资源的同时，其排放的尾气会严重地影响人类的健康。随着国家一系列强制性法规的出台，更多人开始关注汽车的尾气问题。阐述了汽车排放污染物的主要成分、汽油车尾气排放的成因及危害和柴油车排放碳烟的生成机理；指出了废气污染物的生成及其影响因素，同时提出了内燃机排放的采样方法及防止汽车尾气超标的对策。     

谈高污染人群的职业性铅中毒及其预防措施

汽车修理和驾驶人员是交通运输行业中铅的高污染人群,汽油中的铅会通过呼吸道、消化道及皮肤侵入人体,引起铅中毒。阐述了职业性铅中毒的危害,职业性铅中毒的种类、症状和临床表现,职业性铅中毒的诊断治疗;并提出了职业性铅中毒的预防措施,以引起社会有关部门的关注。     

China's Mysterious Gas

Car sales in China are booming,but gasoline consumption seems to be stuck in the slow lane.Chart 1 illustrates this apparent mystery(it shows sales of petroleum and oil products,since.we do not have data on retail gasoline sales).     

国内乙醇汽油的应用进展及发展建议

介绍了我国推广应用车用乙醇汽油的背景，概述了国外用乙醇汽油的生产现状及我国发应用进展，简述了无水乙醇的生产新工艺，分析了我国发展车用乙醇汽油所面临的机遇和存在的问题，最后就我国推广应用车用乙醇汽油提出了一些建议。