珠江三角洲装备制造业产业安全测度——基于自主创新视角的实证研究

珠三角装备制造业近年来取得了突飞猛进的发展,产业安全问题也成为研究热点。本研究通过建立产业安全评价指标体系,对珠三角装备制造产业安全度进行测算。结果表明,近年来珠三角装备制造业产业安全度逐渐趋于好转,但从中长期来看,依然处于临界状态,产业安全现状不容乐观。在影响产业安全度的诸多因素中,自主创新能力是最为根本的因素,对中长期产业安全态势的走向起着决定性的作用。     

装备制造业全要素生产率评价及影响因素研究

装备制造业作为国之重器,其高质量发展对建设制造强国、提高我国经济实力和国际竞争力具有重要意义。本文以辽宁省为例,对装备制造业全要素生产率及其影响因素进行分析,研究发现：辽宁省装备制造业全要素生产率整体呈现先降后升的态势,行业发展的均衡性有待进一步提升;劳动力水平、产业规模、对外开放水平以及盈利水平等因素,在不同程度上影响装备制造业TFP且影响路径存在一定差异。基于上述结论,为提高装备制造业生产效率,应补短板、谋创新、促转型,实现装备制造业的高端化、绿色化、智能化发展,促进其转型升级。     

“一带一路”沿线省域生产性服务业与制造业联动融合关系辨析

选择"一带一路"沿线18个省域生产性服务业与技术或资本密集型装备制造业动态互动关系为研究对象,运用向量自回归(VAR)模型进行4个细分服务业和装备制造业脉冲响应比较研究,探究其双向互促性、行业异质性及长短期差异性。结果表明:二者虽然有长期均衡关系,但是互促作用具有非对称性。装备制造业对生产性服务业发展的总体拉动力强劲。但无论辅助联动式或价值链嵌入式生产性服务,都只是短期助推装备制造业发展,仍难以构成高端服务能力和发挥显著的规模经济效应,其长期匹配及推动作用较小。长期以来,装备制造业对知识密集型服务业需求程度不高,导致装备制造业对其拉动作用不明显,二者互动关联性较弱。不同互动机理及动态匹配方式下细分服务业与装备制造业互动效应差异性显著。装备制造业来自于自身内部的信息变动影响显著。应加强装备制造业创新投资引资、提升装备制造业产业集群创新竞争力、促使生产性服务业高质量发展、提高高层次人才培养引进效率,以促进沿线省域两大产业高层级耦合互动发展。     

基于晋江先进装备制造业的思考

装备制造业的发展水平是生产力水平的重要标志,装备制造业的发展是提升区域竞争力的重要元素。全国十强县级市福建晋江如何从民生制造业向装备制造业转型,以实现经济可持续发展目标?本课题从晋江市装备制造业行业的发展现状,即现存的产业结构、技术结构、经济指标参数、基地布局进行分析,对如何突破制约瓶颈及未来发展走向提出了一些思考。     

发达国家装备制造业竞争力提升经验探讨与借鉴

美国、日本、韩国、德国的装备制造业在国际上处于领先地位,它们凭借在装备制造业上的优势成为工业强国。这四个国家的装备制造业由于演化路径不同,因而四国分别代表了不同的升级模式,在竞争力提升方面相应地呈现出不同的特点。我国在装备制造业方面总产值较高,但是关键技术上较上述四国还有不小的差距。通过借鉴美、日、韩、德四国在装备制造业上的不同经验,有利于畅通我国装备制造业的发展途径。     

江苏装备制造业技术创新模式研究

装备制造业对我国经济发展具有重要影响,为制造业的发展提供基础支持,装备制造业技术创新能力的提高是带动我国经济从投资导向转变创新导向的关键因素。本文对江苏省装备制造业的技术创新能力发展现状进行分析,搜集相关文献为本文研究提供理论支持,对江苏省装备制造业的创新模式进行探讨,为其以后的发展提供借鉴。     

着力推进装备制造业技术创新

装备制造业在工业化和现代化进程中起着十分重要的推动作用。我国装备制造业经过多年发展,取得了令人瞩目的成就,成为经济发展的重要支柱产业。但是制造水平与国际先进水平相比,仍存在明显差距,根本问题是技术创新,特别是自主创新能力弱。振兴装备制造业,首要的是着力提高技术创新水平,实现生产力的跨越式发展。就如何推进装备制造业技术创新,谈两点看法。     

珠三角制造业与APS产业互动的特点及启示

文章利用投入产出表分析了珠三角APS和制造业的产业互动并与典型发达国家进行对比,结果表明:珠三角制造业生产对APS的依赖度很低而APS生产对制造业的依赖度很高,以知识和技术密集为特征的APS对生产的贡献度较弱,APS和制造业之间互动性不强;制约制造业和APS产业互动发展的因素有珠三角不利的国际分工地位、服务业开放步伐慢、产业组织结构不优、中介组织发展不完善等。     

辽宁省装备制造业创新能力分析与对策研究

辽宁装备制造业具有日趋合理的产业布局,以及发展装备制造业的技术和人才基础。但核心技术缺乏、创新资源配置效率低也是辽宁装备制造业发展的瓶颈,应采用调整国家财政和科研投资方向,推进装备制造业的信息化进程以及加大资金支持、技术投入等方式提高辽宁装备制造业的技术创新能力。     

浅析技术创新与辽宁装备制造业的发展

辽宁省是我国重要的装备制造业基地,曾经为我国经济发展做出重要贡献。近年来,我省装备制造业发展趋缓,其中一个重要原因是辽宁装备制造业技术创新水平不高。本文在分析辽宁装备制造业发展状况基础之上,对装备制造业技术创新过程中存在的问题做以分析,并提出了以技术创新推动辽宁省装备制造业发展的对策建议。     

珠三角装备制造业自主创新影响因素实证研究

珠江三角洲地区是推动我国经济发展的关键区域之一,该地区经济发展和制造业结构调整升级的成败关系到我国经济发展和产业结构调整升级的成败.文章通过实证分析,对影响珠江三角洲装备制造业行业自主创新能力的相关因素进行量化研究,并对其装备制造业今后发展提出相关的政策建议.     

Is foreign direct investment productive? A case study of the regions of Vietnam

By making use of a recently released dataset that covers a large number of manufacturing firms over the period 2000–2005, this paper examines the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) and FDI generated spillovers on total factor productivity (TFP) in eight regions of Vietnam. Unlike most existing studies, this paper focuses on the impact of spillovers that take place through both horizontal and vertical linkages. The results presented in this paper suggest that the impact of FDI spillovers on TFP varies considerably across regions. FDI spillovers generate a strong positive impact on TFP through backward linkages only in Red River Delta, South Central Coast, South East and Mekong River Delta while in other regions the impact is negative and mostly insignificant. The paper also examines the impact of the absorptive capacity on TFP growth in each of the eight geographical regions.     

FDI影响珠三角装备制造业自主创新能力的实证研究

长期以来,FDI进入对东道国自主创新能力的影响一直是学术界关注的热点。珠江三角洲地区是我国承接国际装备制造业转移的重要区域之一,也是外商直接投资的重点地区。本文试图通过实证分析,对FDI对珠江三角洲装备制造业行业自主创新能力的影响进行量化研究,并对其装备制造业今后的发展提出相关的政策建议。     

Manufacture upgrade and interfirm relationship development: the case of electronics firms in the Pearl River Delta

Despite significant economic benefits of manufacture upgrade from original equipment manufacturing, through to original design manufacturing to own brand manufacturing, research on interfirm relationship development during the process of manufacture upgrade has remained underdeveloped. This article examines different types of interfirm relationships and their impact on manufacture upgrade using case studies of electronics firms located in the Pearl River Delta. The findings suggest that three iterative processes support relationship development: resource seeking, learning and networking. These processes influence relationship development for both vertical and horizontal relations through trust-based personal relationships. In particular, the insights provided by relational view of interfirm relationships appear to complement and support economic goals of governance mechanisms.     

FDI对我国高新技术产业技术溢出效应分析

本文借助C-D函数,实证并分析了FDI对我国高新技术产业内资企业产出、自主创新能力、新产品开发的影响。研究表明,外资通过竞争效应、人员流动效应、示范效应以及产业关联效应等带动高新技术内资企业劳动生产率提高,从而促进内资高新技术企业产出总量增加;但较大的内外资企业的技术差距和较弱的技术消化吸收能力抑制了FDI对航空航天器制造业自主创新能力的提升;较高的外资企业市场集中度和市场开放度,不利于电子及通信设备制造业以及电子计算机及办公设备制造业新产品市场开发。文章据此探讨了相应的对策建议,以期为高新技术产业更好地利用外资提供有益的思路。     

Selecting an Optimal Region by Fuzzy Group Decision Making: Empirical Evidence from Medical Investors

Since China opened its medical services market in 1989, its health care industry has become the focus of international investment. This study employs the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process to establish an evaluation model of optimal region selection for joint-venture hospitals or clinics in China. On the basis of the combined perspectives of thirty experts, this study adopts six criteria and nineteen sub-criteria for selection. It considers the Surrounding Bohai Bay (SBB), Yangtze River Delta (YRD), Pearl River Delta (PRD), and other economic zones as potential locations for the establishment of medical institutions. The findings reveal that government policies, demand conditions, and investment strategy are relatively highly weighted criteria. The order of priority for economic zone selection is as follows: YRD, PRD, SBB, and other economic zones. These results can help foreign investors in selecting appropriate investment regions.     

A trade theoretic analysis of outward capital flows: with special reference to Hong Kong

This paper sets up a trade theoretic model to explain the output, price and welfare consequences of the outward investment from Hong Kong to the Pearl River Delta. A four-good trade theoretic model is set up to incorporate some special features of the Hong Kong Economy. We assume that the economy produces four goods: an exportable good, an importable good and two non-traded goods. A special feature of the model is that one of the non-traded goods (locally produced) is also consumed by foreigners and produced under the assumption of non-competitive market framework. As tourist or business-centre trade is of great significance to Hong Kong, this model allows us to capture this phenomenon. First, precise conditions are derived regarding the decline in manufacturing output in Hong Kong. Second, it is shown that, in spite of the supply side determination of the relative price of non-traded goods, income effects in this market are of great significance in both income (welfare) and output movements. These income effects cannot be captured in industrial organization type applied work. Third, it is shown how outflow of capital affects labour productivity. A surprising result obtained for this part of the analysis is that a fall in productivity (outflow of capital and de-industrialization) creates a favourable terms-of-trade effect in the monopolized sector. The welfare effect consists of four terms: (1) a terms-of trade effect via the price of non-traded goods consumed by tourists/foreigners; (2) the loss (gain) in productivity due to an outflow of capital; (3) repatriation payments; and (4) the gains from exporting from the Special Economic Zones as well as other Pearl River Delta cities. Our decomposition has two very important features in contrast to traditional models: a terms-of-trade effect from the consumption of services and productivity gains or losses. The last point is exceedingly important for policy makers specifically if outward flow of capital affects productivity negatively.     

The macroeconomics of commercial policy and the trade balance: A policy perspective

Given the continuing growth of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the United States, there is a growing interest in examining its impact on the rate of economic growth. The immense literature on economic growth in the United States is composed of studies that concentrate on measuring the domestic variables that affect U.S. economic growth. However, the impact of foreign direct investment on the economic growth of the United States has not received the attention that is deserves. The purpose of this study is: (1) to examine the determinants of economic growth in the United States over time, and (2) to see if there is any time-series support for the FDI-led growth hypothesis in the United States. To achieve these goals the study uses a model that is based on the postulates of de Mello. Employing a 40-year period of annual data, the model is estimated by using the Beach Mackinnon technique which corrects for autocorrelation. The estimation results suggest the following conclusions: 1. The major determinants of economic growth in the United States are total factor productivity growth, domestic investment growth, and foreign direct investment growth. 2. Causal relationships between foreign direct investment growth and economic growth is uni-directional, running from foreign direct investment to economic growth. 3. Causal relationships between foreign direct investment growth and total factor productivity growth is uni-directional, running from foreign direct investment to total factor productivity. These findings suggest that foreign direct investment growth has a significant impact on the United States economic growth. Additionally, foreign direct investment has a significant impact on total factor productivity in the United States, further contributing to the United States’ economic growth. This calls on the U.S. policy makers to devise policies that are conducive to increasing the amount of foreign direct investment in this country.     

Does services liberalization benefit manufacturing firms?: Evidence from the Czech Republic

While there is considerable empirical evidence on the impact of liberalizing trade in goods, the effects of services liberalization have not been empirically established. This study examines the link between services sector reforms and the productivity of manufacturing industries relying on services inputs. Several aspects of services liberalization are considered, namely, the presence of foreign providers, privatization and the level of competition. The results, based on firm-level data from the Czech Republic, show a positive relationship between services sector reform and the performance of domestic firms in downstream manufacturing sectors. Allowing foreign entry into services industries appears to be the key channel through which services liberalization contributes to improved performance of manufacturing sectors. This finding is supported by evidence that foreign acquisitions of Czech services providers result in profound changes in the labor productivity and sales of acquired firms. As most barriers to foreign investment today are not in goods but in services sectors, the findings of this study may strengthen the argument for reform in this area.