Europe—Past Imperfect

Pegged exchange rates imply instability in domestic economices - a reconstifuted ERM is likely to re-emerage but with special provisino to deal with 'crises'     

The 'Socialism' of Léon Walras and His Economic Thinking

A bstract . Léon Walras was one of the few outstanding 19th century economists who, though as a theoretician belonged to the mainstream of orthodox economics , expressed views which at one time were considered to be too radical. He advocated in particular the nationalization of land as the solution to the social problem. This would generate sufficient revenue to government to enable it to do away with taxing income derived from wages and salaries. As a result workers would be in a position to invest their untaxed income and thus acquire their rightful share in the national wealth. Contrary to what many have argued, such 'socialistic' policy was not incompatible with Walras' theoretical model of perfect competition. In the absence of private ownership of land and natural resources , there would be no place for big enterprises and monopolies. His great compromise was: allow social reforms in the realm of distribution, but promote lassser-faire in the production of goods and services. Walras was convinced that if, on top of a radical land reform, the State sought to secure the working of a free competitive system , then the economic system could function very closely to the theoretical model. Though there are flaws in his proposals, his ideas no longer appear as preposterous as they did in his own time.     

卡麦隆精彩荟萃的23岁

2004年8月,年仅19岁的卡麦隆已经在经营着11个公司。虽然他无意中被卷入到布什政府的政治秀漩涡中,但是这恰好说明,他在年轻群体中具有榜样的作用     

王嘉廉和和他的CA

2000年,美籍华人企业家王嘉廉被美国<联邦计算周刊>杂志评选为该年度最有影响的IT风云人物之一,由他创立和领导的联合电脑国际有限公司CA(Computer Associates International Inc.纽约股票交易所挂牌代码为CA,以下简秒CA)也被美国<财富>杂志评为"美国最令人羡慕的公司"、"美国最值得受雇的公司之一".王嘉廉,这位继王安之后崛起于北美电脑业的华人企业家独特的经营理念,也日益成为人们关注的焦点.     

Forecasting the Past

Bezien wij het probleem van economische voorspelling. Wij nemen aan dat dit met een model gebeurt. Over dit model wordt de volgende veronderstelling gemaakt: Het model is een lineair stelsel van stochastische differentie-vergelijkingen. Om een voorspelling te kunnen doen met behulp van het model, hebben wij cijfers nodig omtrent de uitgangstoestand. Deze uitgangstoestand behoort tot het recente verleden, waaromtrent de statistische informatie nog on-volledig is. Dit doet het volgende probleem rijzen: Kan men het model ook gebruiken om de uitgangstoestand te “voorspellen”? Dit probleem verschilt van dat van het voorspellen van de toekomst, doordat we een additionele eis moeten stellen. De “voorspelde” vector van uitgangswaarden moet in overeenstemming zijn met de beperkte statistische informatie die wèl beschikbaar is. De auteur pakt dit probleem aan, door het minimaliseren van een gewogen som van de storingstermen in de afzonder-lijke relaties van het model. Het algoritme, waartoe dit aanleiding geeft, wordt tamelijk gedetailleerd besproken.     

李连杰和他的企业家朋友们

他是中国把富人慈善和明星慈善对接的第一人。李连态的影响力,平台＋企业家的资金、实力及商业模式,他们各取所需,相互影响,使中国的慈善面貌为之一变。     

标杆管理的过去、现在和将来

为何开展标杆管理？新西兰组织卓越研究中心（COER）主任、全球对标网（GBN）主席罗宾·曼博士在2012年12月5～7日的世界经营能力会议上进行了阐述。此次大会与第7届国际标杆管理会议合并举行。会上举行了标杆管理小组讨论、新西兰最佳实践竞赛和全球标杆管理奖的颁奖仪式,GBN终身荣誉主席罗伯特·坎普博士也到会发表主题演讲。     

斯特凡·昆特和“五朵金花”

<正>这是昆特家的又一位, 被称为德国最富和女孩子们最向往的年轻单身汉。斯特凡·昆特——德国女孩们的梦他叫斯特凡·昆特(Stefan Quandt),出生于1966年。他拥有 36亿欧元的财产(2002年初还有 45亿,因宝马等的股值浮动而浮动),未婚,至今默默地居住在法兰     

王文洋 接班不成，创业

虽身为台湾经营之神王永庆的长子,却因为错综复杂的家庭关系在接任台塑事业几成定局的情况下离家出走,筚路褴褛,45岁的他开始独自创业     

任志强翻身

如今在互联网上,骂任志强的人少了,赞成任志强的人日渐增加。这主要是由于任志强正确预测了这几年的房地产市场走势,与此同时,任志强将批评的矛头更多指向了政府的相关政策     

Shadows of the Past:

A bstract . Sociologists have studied various forms of prejudice, but seldom their own. G. Wright Mills emphasis on the relationship of history, Social structure and biography encourages us to reflect on our own case. In the present instance, the attitudes and beliefs of a Welsh-American are examined in social context. Three implicit themes are revealed: (1) the sociological perspective is essential in understanding self ; (2) for self-knowledge no biography is more important than one's own; (3) the examination of the origin of personal prejudices may aid in understanding, more than condemning, those of others.     

Great expectations: Past wages and unemployment durations

Decomposing wages into worker and firm wage components, we find that firm-fixed components are sizeable parts of workers' wages. If workers can only imperfectly observe the extent of firm-fixed components in their wages, they might be misled about the overall wage distribution. Such misperceptions may lead to unjustified high reservation wages, resulting in overly long unemployment durations. We examine the influence of previous wages on unemployment durations for workers after exogenous lay-offs and, using Austrian administrative data, we find that younger workers are, in fact, unemployed longer if they profited from high firm-fixed components in the past. We interpret our findings as evidence for overconfidence generated by imperfectly observed productivity.     

Sustainable procurement: Past,present and future

Sustainable procurement is increasingly on the agenda for purchasing and supply managers seeking to demonstrate corporate social responsibility in their supply chains. In this paper, we identify trends in the literature and establish that this is a burgeoning field. We identify methodological challenges and research gaps to guide future research. We propose a sustainable procurement framework to help structure future research across supply chains. Finally, we introduce each of the papers in the special issue, and identify what makes them stand out as making a novel contribution to research in the field.     

Some Properties of Past Entropy and their Applications

In the context of information theory, measure of uncertainty in past lifetime distribution has been proposed by Di Crescenzo and Longobardi (J Appl Probab 39:434–440, 2002). In this paper, we study some ordering and aging properties in terms of past entropy (based on past lifetime) and develop some characterization results. Some discrete distribution results are also addressed here.     

暗战民生银行

高速成长的民生银行,其独特基因是如何形成的？下一步,这艘航船又将走向何方？《中国企业家》寻访多位筹办者、创始股东、现任股东以及前任高管,透过众生悲欢活剧的表层,探究被湮没的历史真相,揭示民生银行无法复制的独特基因,并眺望其未来之路     

苏建诚 纨绔蜕变

在华尔街的美商公司正风光无限的时候他选择了退休,选择在华尔街留下自己最灿烂的转身。一般而言,在华尔街倍受尊重的员工离职时,公司是要举行大型的欢送派对的。苏建诚就享有这一殊荣,他还被华尔街人赞誉为"最优秀最聪明的中国人"