国内生产总值的生态经济学剖析

国内生产总值(GDP)作为国民经济核算的主要方式,具有其重要性,同时也存在一定的问题,特别是在生态和环境方面。中国政府在进行十二五规划时,淡化了对GDP增长速度的要求,而强调宽容性增长,重视并着力解决民生问题,符合中国社会发展的趋势。但是GDP作为衡量国民经济发展的重要指标,今后仍将会发挥其重要作用,需要进行全面研究,并寻找改进的方式。因此,文章在文献综述的基础上,阐明了GDP产生的背景和内涵,指出了GDP在衡量社会经济发展中发挥的作用。同时,指出了GDP在衡量国家或地区社会经济综合发展方面的局限性,重点指出了生态和环境领域的问题和认识上的误区。最后,根据国内的研究情况,并结合我国具体国情,提出了一些改进和替代方面的建议。     

对东部、西部地区固定资产投资与三个产业发展的实证分析

固定资产投资与经济发展有密切的关系,固定资产投资的数量决定了地区的经济总量,固定资产投资的方向决定了产业布局、产业结构。根据东部、西部地区2008年固定资产投资与国内生产总值的有关数据建立动态规划模型,进行了产业发展优势分析,并对西部地区的发展提出建议。     

北京市区域生产总值与公路道路设施建设的关系——基于分布滞后模型

利用Almon方法,建立分布滞后回归模型,对北京市公路里程和GRDP两个经济指标的关系进行了研究,旨在考察道路建设对北京市GRPD的影响。研究表明,公路道路建设对北京区域经济发展具有长期持续的拉动作用。最后,科学推算出北京市公路道路的平均使用年限为22年。     

工业与农业发展对城镇化水平的影响——基于生产总值与劳动生产率角度

由于工业与农业发展是城镇化的主要动力,工业与农业发展对城镇化水平的影响一直是推进城镇化的重要问题。工业与农业发展在经济运行中最重要的表现为生产总值增长与劳动生产率提高。通过建立线性回归模型,实证分析工业与农业的生产总值增长对人口城镇化水平的影响;工业与农业劳动生产率提高对人口城镇化水平的影响。     

2009年宏观经济形势分析与政策建议

以金融危机为契机,研究了2008年1月至2009年10月部分宏观经济数据,分析了目前宏观经济在拉动国内生产总值（GDP）增长的三驾马车：消费、投资、出口的现实情况及发展趋势,尤其是通过图表和数据分析的方式指出三驾马车的动力不足之处,提出了带动经济可持续健康增长的政策建议,希望能够对未来中国经济的健康发展有所贡献。     

安徽省财政收入与经济增长关系的实证研究

从经济理论和实际情况来看,财政收入与经济增长(GDP增长)之间存在着稳定的函数关系。一定程度上,经济发展决定财政收入的规模;财政收入的规模、结构和增长速度也影响经济的发展。在当前金融风险的背景下,怎样保持两者的协调发展已成为学术界研究的热点。文章选取安徽省近几年财政收入和经济发展的相关数据,用计量和实证方法对财政收入和经济发展的关系进行分析,并针对安徽的具体情况,提出相应的政策建议。     

Labour Unrest in the Global Political Economy: The Case of China's 2010 Strike Wave

This paper argues that whilst the relationship between US consumerism and China's low-wage production has underpinned China's economic growth in recent years, policy-makers are increasingly cognisant of heightened internal and external vulnerabilities, namely increased domestic social unrest and downturns in US demand. Despite calls for increased domestic consumption, opinion remains divided as to the extent to which policy-makers will make a genuine departure with China's export-orientation. This paper argues, however, that the direction of the Chinese political economy will depend much on the transformative role of workers’ struggles. Placed in a broader north-east Asian comparative perspective, we argue that China appears to be on the verge of a transition towards a limited labour supply, as evidenced in increasing labour shortages, rising wages costs and new forms of labour unrest. An in-depth case study of the strike at Nanhai Honda in 2010 suggests that China's migrant workers are beginning to develop a class consciousness and move from reactive to proactive demands. Furthermore, the response of the Chinese state and employers has shifted from one of outright repression to one of accommodation. These trends are likely to be highly significant in terms of China's uneven integration into the global economy.     

Dual Circulation and China's Development

In 2020, China proposed a new development paradigm centered on domestic circulation with a "dual circulation" model in which domestic circulation and international circulation promote each other. This new paradigm reflects a clear understanding of China's development trend that saw its share of exports in the GDP declining steadily since 2006. However, the new paradigm does not necessarily mean that China should change its past policy of fully utilizing domestic and international markets and resources in economic development. Because of large economies of scale in modern manufacturing sector, China should continue to make full use of international markets.     

Institutional Change and American Economic Growth

The environmental sustainability of economic growth has been subject to much debate for many decades. Recently, two alternatives to the growth paradigm have been put forward: namely, "a-growth" and "degrowth." The first proposes to ignore GDP information and focus instead on sound environmental, social, and economic policies independently of their effects on economic growth. The second recommends a downscaling of the economy so as to make it consistent with biophysical boundaries. We compare these approaches in the context of the growth paradigm and examine whether they have any merit. We further consider the potential contribution of institutional economics to further develop such alternatives.     

我国税收超GDP增长的原因探析

近年来,我国税收超GDP增长既有经济快速增长的基础性因素;也有产业结构调整和优化使GDP质量提高,进而促进税收快速增长的原因;还有税收收入结构优化促进了税收收入快速增长的外因;更有税收征管水平的提高和税收按计划征收使税收收入快速增长的独特因素。     

中国的GDP及其若干统计问题

本文探讨了GDP统计方法的基本概念和局限性,特别是从历史的角度分析了GDP核算体系对日益增长的无形投资(intangibleinvestment)和知识经济的忽略,并在此基础上对中国经济及其在全球经济中的地位和影响作了重新评估。文章指出,现行GDP统计方法没有包括非市场经济、地下经济和闲暇活动;低估了我国劳务等产业创造的价值及其增长潜力;无法追踪企业在技术革新、产品设计、品牌打造和员工培训这些无形资产方面的投资;忽略了我国经济中迅速增加的知识经济成份,特别是教育投资成份。文章的结论是,由于历史、文化和制度诸方面的原因,这些忽略和低估对处于转型过程中的发展中国家中国来说要远远大于发达国家和其他发展中国家,因此,我国的实际经济总量及其增长率,特别是增长潜力要远高于官方的统计数字。     

我国GDP核算与现行SNA的GDP核算之间的若干差异

本文阐述我国现行GDP核算与 1 993年SNA的GDP核算在生产范围、基层单位和产业部门分类、总产出、中间投入和增加值的定义、增加值的估价、固定资本消耗、混合收入、金融媒介服务等十二个方面存在的差异 ,供研究和了解我国GDP核算的专家和学者们参考     

绿色GDP:急需核算的梦

在过去二十多年．我国保持了高速的经济增长，同时也面临着严峻的能源和环境问题。本文通过对我国经济增长代价的分析，提出用“绿色GDP”来重新审视我国的经济增长。     

中国国内生产总值核算中存在的若干问题研究

本文对中国国内生产总值核算中存在的若干主要问题进行了定量分析。分析结果表明 ,虽然这些问题对国内生产总值的结构有些影响 ,但对国内生产总值总量影响不大。也就是说 ,中国国内生产总值总量数据较好地反映了中国经济的实际发展规模     

Forecasting GDP at the Regional Level with Many Predictors

In this study, we assess the accuracy of macroeconomic forecasts at the regional level using a large data set at quarterly frequency. We forecast gross domestic product (GDP) for two German states (Free State of Saxony and Baden‐Württemberg) and Eastern Germany. We overcome the problem of a ‘data‐poor environment’ at the sub‐national level by complementing various regional indicators with more than 200 national and international indicators. We calculate single‐indicator, multi‐indicator, pooled and factor forecasts in a ‘pseudo‐real‐time’ setting. Our results show that we can significantly increase forecast accuracy compared with an autoregressive benchmark model, both for short‐ and long‐term predictions. Furthermore, regional indicators play a crucial role for forecasting regional GDP.     

辽宁省第三方物流需求与GDP关系分析

第三方物流产业已经成为影响中国经济发展的重要因素,作为社会经济发展主要指标的国内生产总值(GDP)与物流业的发展有着相互促进的密切关系,分析辽宁省第三方物流需求与GDP的关系,对未来年辽宁省第三方物流需求进行预测,为对策建议研究提供基础数据。     

Forecasting China's inflation in a data-rich environment

Inflation is one of the most recent critical issues facing China. To improve inflation forecasts within China, this study investigates the predictive ability of three dimension reduction techniques used in a data-rich environment: Principal Components Analysis (PCA), Sliced Inverse Regression (SIR), and Partial Least Squares (PLS) applied in the Factor-Augmented Autoregression (FAAR) model proposed by Stock and Watson (2005). Varied macroeconomic data from China between January 1998 and December 2009 are obtained to construct factors for use by three different techniques. The performance of different dimension reduction methods depends on forecasting horizons, the number of factors chosen, and the number of slices for SIR. The empirical study finds that the FAAR model with an optimal number of PCA factors outperforms the other model in out-of-sample inflation forecasting in China.     

Rethinking the Links between Human Relationships and Economic Efficiency Using Local Institutions: The Case of Two Emerging Economies

Emerging countries around the world have been growing fast over the last thirty years, with most of these countries basing their economic development on a state capitalism. Within these countries, there is a concentration of wealth in the hands of a few people. This fact confirms the analysis of Thorstein Veblen (1898 Veblen, Thorstein. “Why Is Economics Not an Evolutionary Sciences?” Quarterly Journal of Economics 12, 2 (1898): 373–397.[Crossref] , [Google Scholar]) who shows the gap that exists between the vested interest of the rich and the unmet needs of the poor. The world happiness report (Helliwell, Layard and Sachs 2016 Helliwell, John F., Richard Layard and Jeffrey Sachs, eds. World Happiness Report 2016. World Happiness, 2016. Available at http://worldhappiness.report/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/03/HR-V1_web.pdf. Accessed December 1, 2016. [Google Scholar]) also shows for the emerging economies a gap between the world rank in economic growth and in wellbeing. I propose a new paradigm of development for two emerging economies, Brazil and South Africa, by putting human development in the center of economic development and by using different approaches in economics and psychology. My analysis links the theories of Carl Shapiro and Joseph E. Stiglitz regarding “efficiency wages” (1984 Shapiro, Carl and Joseph E. Stiglitz. “Equilibrium Unemployment as Worker Disciplines Devices.” American Economic Review 74, 3 (1984): 433–444.[Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) with the complexity approach (Le Moigne 1995 Le Moigne, Jean-Louis. La modélisation des systèmes complexes. Paris, France: Dunod, 1995. [Google Scholar]). This approach combines the results of positive psychology (Kahneman 2011 Kahneman, Daniel. Thinking, Fast and Slow. London, UK: Penguin, 2011. [Google Scholar]) with the role of local institutions for improving the economic development of emerging economies (Deaton 2016 Deaton, Angus. La grande évasion: Santé, richesse et origine des inégalités. Paris, France: PUF, [2015] 2016. [Google Scholar]). In the first section of the article, I examine definitions of economic and human wealth. In the second section, I analyze the gaps that exist between the standard-of-living ranking and the wellbeing ranking for both Brazil and South Africa in order to present meso-happiness indexes linking the micro- and macro-levels of human wealth. In the last section, I analyze the way local institutions in Brazil and South Africa could create dynamic links for these countries’ efficient functioning in the world economy.     

我国绿色GDP核算在实践中的障碍分析

飞速发展的经济导致自然资源损耗和生态环境破坏,已偏离了可持续发展的轨道.绿色GDP是能够同时体现经济增长和环境保护的指标.目前绿色GDP核算体系尚未完备,我国在2004年启动"绿色GDP研究"项目,一年后项目遭受冷遇,究其原因主要是因为观念的障碍、操作的困难和技术的困难.产业结构调整是我国绿色GDP实践的初级阶段,产业结构的合理化是实现绿色GDP的基础.