The reduction cost of nonperforming loan: evidence from China’s commercial bank

The nonperforming loans (NPLs) are co-generated by creating the profit in a bank, and this article build a joint production model to measure the reduction cost of nonperforming cost. By using a data set of China’s 13 commercial banks, the conclusions show that the reduction cost of NPLs is lower, which suggests that it is not a good choice for China’s commercial bank to hold the NPLs.     

An extension of the multi-output state-contingent production model

This paper presents new developments on the state-contingent theory of production under uncertainty with stochastic prices. Our main purpose is to generalize the usual finite discrete state-contingent production model to infinite dimensional, possibly uncountable spaces which look like a more realistic framework. Usual duality results are established in this general context, shedding some light on the links between risk-neutral probabilities and shadow prices. A direct generalized production risk premium is defined and is shown to be independent of the inputs level when the technology is output translation homothetic. In such a case, the technology exhibits constant absolute riskiness. We thank Bob Chambers for his helpful comments.     

Does Environmental Protection Lead to Slower Productivity Growth in the Chemical Industry?

Efficiency and productivity growth is measured at the three-digit SIC level for six chemical industries for 1988–1993. The directional distance function is used to measure the lost chemical manufacturing output and the overproduction of toxic chemical releases. Total factor productivity growth is decomposed into a product of efficiency change and technical change. Accounting for toxic chemical releases, productivity grows at anannual rate of between 2.4% and 6.9%. We find no evidence that environmental protection measures reduce productivity growth.     

我国不同类型工业企业生产效率的区域差异研究

工业企业生产效率是一个国家或地区工业发展水平的重要标志,我国各种类型企业由于所有制形式不同,其运作机制和效率也有差异,本文通过应用Cobb-Douglas生产函数模型,并利用充足的数据分析了分省加总的不同类型工业企业的生产及其效率。研究得出我国1999~2002年,对几乎绝大多数省份而言,国有及国有控股企业的生产效率最低,而生产效率最高的企业是三资企业,同时研究也表明,在区域层面上来看,东部地区的各种类型企业生产效率比其他地区的生产效率高20%以上,这要求以后在研究区域差异时应更多关注区域生产的差异。     

论现代远程教育在基层党校的地位和作用

当前搞好基层党校远程教育意义重大而深远,要充分发挥远程教育在党员干部教育中的地位和作用,努力把此项工作真正运用到教学的过程之中.     

On the existence of a regulated production function

This paper examines the generalization of the regulated production function. It characterizes the set of admissible regulatory constraints that are compatible with the existence of a regulated production function in a sufficiently weak framework to encompass the usual rate-of-return constraints à la Averch and Johnson and value constraints.     

江苏省水稻生产投入要素及影响因素实证研究

以江苏省最主要的粮食作物水稻为例,按照2004年分县纯收入水平,以该省22个县的354户水稻种植户2005年横截面数据为样本,运用扩展的C—D生产函数,就投入要素及品种认知、农业生产决策者个人特征等影响因素对水稻生产的作用进行了研究。估计结果显示：目前土地仍是影响江苏省水稻产出的最主要因素,化肥在水稻生产上仍发挥着重要作用。随着水稻良种良法配套栽培的推广,农户水稻品种认知对水稻生产的重要性得到显现。鉴于耕地灌溉条件对水稻生产的影响非常明显,政府应加大对农田水利设施的建设投入。     

Directional duality theory Directional duality theory

In this paper we introduce a complete duality theory based on directional distance functions. This duality theory parallels the duality theory based on radial distance functions in Färe and Primont (1995).     

生态经济效率评价方法比较分析

我国经济的高速增长以资源的低效率开发利用和生态环境的破坏为代价,由此提出了基于生态经济理论的循环经济发展模式,以解决资源环境压力问题。度量生态经济效率状况是衡量循环经济发展的重要内容.通过对生态经济效率评价方法的比较分析可以扬长避短.正确地选择评价方法进行生态经济效率分析.找出生态经济效率不佳的原因及改进途径,为管理和决策提供依据。     

规模化养殖对我国肉鸡生产效率的影响——基于随机前沿生产函数的实证分析

采用随机前沿方法,利用2004—2010年我国24个省份的肉鸡生产数据,实证分析了规模化养殖对我国肉鸡生产效率的影响,并对不同养殖规模的肉鸡生产效率进行了测度和比较。结果显示:规模化养殖很大程度上提高了我国肉鸡生产效率,中规模养殖使肉鸡生产效率提高了16.89%,大规模养殖使肉鸡生产效率提高了57.62%;我国肉鸡生产效率的地区差异较大,且南方地区不同养殖规模的肉鸡生产效率存在显著差异,而北方地区的这种差异较小;标准化规模养殖程度不高是南方地区的肉鸡生产效率总体偏低且不同养殖规模的肉鸡生产效率存在较大差异的主要原因。     

中印两国商业银行经营效率比较研究——基于群组效率指数的分析

文章以Camanho和Dyson(2006)发展的群组效率指数法为基础,结合双曲线距离函数,在规模报酬可变的假设条件下,对中印两国银行业的经营效率进行了比较研究。结果显示,印度银行业群组效率在研究期间内基本上优于中国银行业,主要原因在于印度银行业生产前沿的生产率和群组规模效率的一致性都优于中国银行业,但中国银行业群组技术效率的一致性却均高于印度银行业。因此,简单地说印度银行业的效率高于中国银行业是不准确的。     

Ecological Benchmarking to Explore Alternative Fishing Schemes to Protect Endangered Species by Substitution: The Danish Demersal Fishery in the North Sea

The cod stock in the North Sea is threatened by overexploitation. To recover this fishing stock, pressure needs to be reduced. This implies that catch compositions with small amounts of cod are preferred by public policy makers. The present analysis assesses the technological efficiency of fishing trips in terms of the substitution possibilities away from cod by considering landings of cod as an undesirable output. A conservative non-parametric frontier technology approach imposing minimal assumptions and based on directional distance functions is applied to explore alternative fishing activities for Danish gill netters operating in the North Sea with the goal of reducing cod catches. Since performance on different fishing trips may be influenced by the operating environment, a four-stage approach is applied to correct for exogenous factors (Fried et al., J Product Anal 12(3):249–267, 1999). The corrected directional distance function efficiency scores reveal the behavioural inefficiencies, i.e., prospects for decreasing the catch of cod while catch of other species are increased.      

我国汽车业技术进步率及技术贡献率的实证研究

基于C-D生产函数,对我国汽车业的技术进步率及技术贡献率进行了实证研究。研究发现:1991—2008年期间我国汽车业的技术进步率较低,且波动性很大;我国汽车业技术要素对产业发展的贡献率低,也呈现不稳定性。技术进步率和技术贡献率的这种特征可以解释我国汽车产业运行不稳定和效率低下的现状。     

Evolving techniques in production function identification illustrated in the case of the US dairy

We estimate production technologies of major dairy producing regions in the U.S. The simultaneity and sample selection biases are carefully corrected following the recent development in the literature. The commonly applied control function approaches are found to be misleading in correcting for biases of coefficient estimates on flexible and quasi-fixed input variables. We show that the emerging dairy regions have relatively higher aggregate productivity than traditional regions. Dynamic decomposition results indicate that surviving farms play a more important role in regional productivity growth than entering and exiting farms. Farm- and regional-level driving forces of farm productivity are also examined.     

从生产函数看河北省经济增长与就业结构的变动

随着资本投入的增长和技术的进步,经济的增长将大量未充分就业的农业劳动力向高生产率部门转移而导致就业结构变化,就业结构的变动又进一步促进了经济的增长。用生产函数将就业结构变动从全要素生产率中分离出来,可以得出就业结构变动对经济增长的推动效应及第一产业就业人口向第二、三产业的流动对经济增长的贡献率。