The effects of stringent capital requirements on large financial institutions

Journal of Regulatory Economics - With the growing size of the interbank financial market, it is often argued that capital regulations for large wholesale banks should be more stringent than for...     

事业单位财务预算管理现状及优化策略探究

随着事业单位改革的不断深入,对财务预算管理的要求也随之提升,只有充分做好财务预算管理,才能合理配置财务资源,才能提高事业单位的管理服务水平,才能更好地为群众服务。为此,本文从财务预算相关概念出发,分析事业单位财务预算管理中存在的问题,并提出一些合理化、有效化的优化策略,以此为促进事业单位社会服务作出些贡献。     

关于金融机构改革的思考与前瞻

本文在讨论了改革与危机关系的基础上,阐述了中国金融业进一步改革的目标及主要设想.第三部分讨论了三个金融机构改革基础性问题:(1)认为前30年的金融改革是以略滞后于经济改革为目标的,这为农村改革和企业改革的成功争取了时间,并减轻了压力.今后的改革应略微超前于经济改革.使金融发挥引导作用.(2)认为金融业在过去30年的贡献主要有两个:一是承担了经济改革的巨大成本;二是过去30年的大规模建设,大多由金融业提供.为中国经济起飞打下了基础.(3)讨论了金融市场与金融机构的数量和质量对经济增长的影响,认为金融市场的规模与金融机构的数量与一个经济体的规模有关.     

必须面对的战略抉择——对新形势下政策性金融机构发展方向的探讨

伴随对外开放的历史进程,适应外经贸业务发展的需要,我国政策性金融机构作为支持外经贸业务发展的金融主渠道,在对外经济贸易事业的发展中发挥了重要的促进作用.政策性金融支持从无到有,规模不断扩大,支持方式逐渐增加,为我国对外贸易、对外投资和对外工程承包等业务提供了信贷、保险、担保等支持.然而,随着经济全球化进程的加快和我国对外开放水平的提高,我国产业结构将向服务业倾斜,在我国加快实施"走出去"战略和扩大服务贸易出口的重要机遇期到来之际,我国政策性金融机构面临着新的挑战和发展机遇.对政策性金融机构的功能重新定位,创新金融支持模式,带动商业资本参与外经贸业务,成为我国政府和政策性金融机构面临的战略性课题.     

Financial institutions and the financial crisis in East Asia

This paper investigates institutional reasons for the soft-budget constraint problem; and how the soft-budget constraint problem creates conditions which may result in a financial crisis. As a consequence of soft-budget constraints, bad projects do not stop; bad loans accumulate; and banks and depositors do not receive bad news on time. Poorly informed depositors are then likely to herd to overinvest when there is no bankruptcy (`frenzy'); and they are likely to herd to panic when bankruptcy occurs (`crash'), which may be the result of excessive bad loans that are also a consequence of soft-budget constraints. In contrast, under hard-budget constraints information is disclosed quickly regarding liquidation. Better-informed investors are then less likely to herd wrongly.     

Portfolio behaviour of selected financial institutions in Canada

It is by now fairly well accepted that financial insititutions in general play role in a market-oriented economy. However,the aim of this paper is more limited. More particularty, it examines the nature of substitutability in the protfolios of selected financial institutions in Canada. The institutions covered are commercial banks, trust and mortgage companies, life insurance companies, and property and casualty companies. These four institutions are by far the most important. The assests covered are, in the most part, dictated by the availability of data. In spite of the obvious significance of the subject, there has been remarkably little work in this area in Canada. The only comprehensive study seems to be that by the Bank of Canada (Clinton and Masson, 1975). However, even this study is confined to the behaviour of commercial banks and the trust and mortgage companies, althouth the treatment of the trust and mortgage companies' portfolio is rather minimal only because just one of its assets is studied. The study covered monthly data until the end of December 1973. The scheme of this paper is as follows. In section I, we briefly discuss the model, the data and the estimation procedures used. In section II the results are given and discussed. The paper concludes with a summary of the main results.     

微型金融机构信贷问题与对策研究

微型金融机构主要客户是财务不健全、缺少抵押与担保、信息严重不对称的小微企业与个人,如何有效管理信用风险、控制信贷审核成本是微型金融机构信贷业务亟待解决的问题。通过分析微型金融机构信贷业务面临的问题,利用贷款承诺与关系贷款理论,对微型金融机构信贷业务中存在的问题提出对策建议。     

三家旗舰农村金融机构的比较研究

GB、BAAC、BRI-UD是三家旗舰农村金融机构。它们有取得成功的共同特点,又在经营目标、贷款技术、储蓄动员、组织结构、人员培训和激励机制等方面存在着差异。比较它们的运作模式,对我国农村金融机构的设计和发展有一定的借鉴意义。     

Public financial institutions and economic concentration in india

This paper analyzes the pattern of financial assistance by the public financial institutions in India to private industrial enterprises during the period 1969–1982 to study the impact on economic concentration. The enterprises were classified into the same size and house categories as used in an earlier and similar study by the Dutt Committee for the period 1956–1966. There were differences among financial institutions in assistance to various categories of enterprises, but on the whole, we find that a clear preference continues to be accorded to large houses during the period 1969–1982. The findings are contrary to the Indian economic policy objective of discouraging economic concentration.     

事业单位财务经济活动的内控研究

本篇文章首先对事业单位财务经济活动内控的重要性进行阐述,从内部控制环境缺失、财务内控体系不完善、风险管理不到位三个方面,对事业单位财务经济活动内控中存在的问题进行解析,并以此为依据,提出事业单位财务经济活动的内控对策。     

事业单位财务内部控制存在问题及对策分析

深化改革的背景下,事业单位需要就内部管理活动开展的调整、优化、创新等事宜进行更多思考,借助内部控制来更好驱动各项管理活动开展以及基础职能履行也较为可行。由于财务管理是事业单位综合管理体系中的核心,财务层面内部控制也是事业单位内部控制体系中的核心。通过对部分事业单位财务内部控制状况进行分析可以发现,一些较为显著的财务内部控制问题依然存在。本文将对事业单位财务内部控制中存在的问题进行逐一分析,并就如何更好进行财务内部控制提出合理化建议。     

赤道原则——金融机构社会责任的新典范

在当今的社会环境下,企业越来越意识到履行社会责任的重要性。尤其在金融危机、全球化背景、可持续金融理念、新能源政策的影响下,金融机构也开始认识到履行社会责任对自身的正面效应。赤道原则作为一种自愿性的企业贷款金融行业基准,旨在强调金融机构在企业融资中发挥的重要引导作用,规避对社会环境有害项目的实施,更好的促进人类、社会、自然的和谐发展。     

Exchange rate exposure of the key financial institutions in the foreign exchange market

Exchange rate exposure is assessed for key individual financial institutions, country-specific portfolios, and global portfolios. The results show that the majority of the key individual institutions are significantly exposed. U.K., Swiss, and Japanese portfolios are found to be significantly exposed, whereas U.S. portfolios are not exposed. There is also some evidence that exchange rate exposure does not exist on a global level. To the extent that the vast majority of currency trading is conducted among the financial institutions included in the portfolio, exposure is expected to be insignificant as gains accrued by one institution would be offset by losses incurred by another institution.     

Depth of outreach and financial sustainability of microfinance institutions

The primary justification for subsidizing Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) is their enhancement of social welfare by extending credit to the poor households. Therefore, recent emphasis on their financial self-sufficiency has created concern, that this may adversely affect the mission of social outreach. Utilizing data from 702 MFIs operating in 83 countries, this study shows empirical evidence of a positive complementary relationship between financial sustainability and depth of outreach.     

探讨行政事业单位财务管理内控渠道有效性

目前,就行政事业单位的财务管理现状看来,其中依然存在着一些问题,并且这些问题已经严重影响到了行政事业单位的管理水平提升。为此,本文基于行政事业单位财务内控制度建立的必要性,在深入分析其中问题的基础上,提出了具体的解决方案,以期为今后行政事业管理单位财务管理工作提供一些借鉴。     

新会计制度下行政事业单位财务管理探讨

随着我国市场经济的不断发展,社会大众对政府的财务管理工作也越来越重视,政府进行财政制度改革时也收到了社会各界的强烈响应,在当前社会经济背景下,以往的会计制度已经不能适应经济发展的速度,政府为了满足时代发展需要,就必须对会计制度进行改革。而政府会计制度改革也是政府财政制度改革的一项重要内容。本文首先对新会计制度改革下对行政事业单位财务管理的影响进行了分析,由此提出了加强行政事业单位财务管理的措施。