共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Fulvio Castellacci 《Economics of Innovation and New Technology》2013,22(1):92-108
This paper introduces service innovation in the proximity-concentration trade-off model of trade and foreign direct investments (FDI) [Helpman, E., M. Melitz, and S. R. Yeaple 2004. “Export Versus FDI with Heterogeneous Firms.” American Economic Review 94 (1): 300–316]. The idea is that innovation will have two main effects on service firms’ choice between exports and FDI. First, innovative firms will on average have higher productivity levels than non-innovative enterprises. Secondly, innovators will have to pay a higher relational distance cost for undertaking export activities, and they will, therefore, prefer to avoid (or reduce) these costs by choosing an FDI strategy instead. We test the empirical relevance of this idea on a new survey data set for a representative sample of firms in all business service sectors in Norway. The results show that firms are more likely to choose FDI rather than export the greater their productivity level and the higher the relational distance costs they face. 相似文献
2.
Juan de Lucio Raúl Mínguez-Fuentes Asier Minondo 《International Review of Applied Economics》2011,25(5):615-631
Recent empirical research highlights that differences in trade flows across countries, products and years are governed by two margins: the intensive margin and the extensive margin. The analysis of the relative contribution of each margin is very important to determine which policies can be more efficient to foster trade at the aggregate, geographic, product or firm level. We use the whole universe of firm level transaction data to analyse the relative contribution of these margins to changes in Spanish trade flows during the 1997–2007 period. We first apply the methodology proposed by Bernard et al. (2009) to decompose trade variation over time into three components: net entry of firms, product-country switching and value growth by regular trading firms. The first two components correspond to the extensive margin and the last one refers to the intensive margin. We find that short-run changes in exports and imports are governed by firms’ intensive margin; however, in the long-run, both the extensive and the intensive margins are equally important to foster trade. We also examine the importance of the trade margins at the cross-sectional level for the year 2007. We find that large differences in the Spanish trade flows across countries and products, especially in the case of exports, are explained by the number of firms that participate in trade, which is consistent with the fact that the number of trading partners decline significantly with distance. 相似文献
3.
Kyojik Song 《Applied economics》2013,45(20):2605-2617
Survey evidence indicates that firm managers try to time debt markets when choosing the maturity of new debt issues, but we do not know whether these strategies increase firm value. This research examines differences in value across nontimers and timers, where timers are defined as firms that follow either a naïve strategy of choosing long-term debt when the term premium is low or a strategy from Baker et al. (2003) based on the predictability of future excess bond returns. After controlling for various determinants of firm value, the research finds no differences in value across timers and nontimers. It also documents that the timing strategies do not increase firm value and do not affect announcement effects of long-term debt offerings. The results suggest that corporate debt markets are efficient and well integrated with equity markets. 相似文献
4.
F. Gregory Hayden 《Journal of economic issues》2017,51(2):467-475
This article is devoted to the evaluation of the institutional matrices theory (IMT), which was designed to illustrate the differences between Russian and Western political economic systems. IMT has no matrix, and it is an ideological declaration rather than a theory. It is a set of assertions and assumptions that are adopted without evidence, and then hypostatized to be Russian and Western socioeconomic systems. IMT literature claims to utilize the reciprocity, redistribution, and exchange model of Karl Polanyi (1944, 1957). However, IMT suffers from a number of assumptive and methodological problems in its application, the first of which consists of the complete exclusion of reciprocity from consideration. The first section of the article is an explanation of problems with IMT, and the second section demonstrates some particulars of the IMT problems with a real-world social fabric matrix from a Western nation. 相似文献
5.
This paper seeks empirical evidence of nonlinear mean-reversion in relative national stock price indices for Emerging Asian countries. It is well known that conventional linear unit root tests suffer from low power against the stationary nonlinear alternative. Implementing the nonlinear unit root tests proposed by Kapetanios et al. (2003) and Cerrato et al. (2009) for the relative stock prices of Emerging Asian markets, we find strong evidence of nonlinear mean reversion, whereas linear tests fail to reject the unit root null for most cases. We also report some evidence that stock markets in China and Taiwan are highly localized. 相似文献
6.
《Applied economics letters》2012,19(13):1265-1271
The development of accounting, auditing and capital markets in China were an integral component of China's economic reforms; auditing was regarded as being critically important to achieving the desired policy objective of delivering a market economy (Yang and Yang, 1998). This article examines the quasi-qualification hypothesis and tests whether investors valued the introduction of Special Treatment (ST) status for firms in 1998. Our empirical analysis fails to find significant support for the quasi-qualification hypothesis. In contrast, it appears that the issuance of ST status was valued by investors; the issuance of ST status led investors to discriminate between firms. 相似文献
7.
This study extends the one period zero-VaR (Value-at-Risk) hedge ratio proposed by Hung et al . (2005) to the multi-period case and incorporates the hedging horizon into the objective function under VaR framework. The multi-period zero-VaR hedge ratio has several advantages. First, compared to existing hedge ratios based on downside risk, it has an analytical solution and is simple to calculate. Second, compared to the traditional Minimum Variance (MV) hedge ratio, it considers expected return and remains optimal while the Martingale process is invalid. Thirdly, hedgers may elect an adequate hedging horizon and confidence level to reflect their level of risk aversion using the concept of VaR. Pondering the occurrence of volatility clustering and price jumps, this study utilizes the ARJI model to compute time-varying hedge ratios. Finally, both in-sample and out-of-sample hedging effectiveness between one-period hedge ratio and multi-period hedge ratio are evaluated for four hedging horizons and various levels of risk aversion. The empirical results indicate that hedgers wishing to hedge downside risk over long horizons should use the multi-period zero-VaR hedge ratios. 相似文献
8.
The Exchange Market Pressure (EMP) index, developed by Eichengreen et al. (1994), is widely used as a tool to signal whether pressure on a currency is softened or warded off through monetary authorities’ interventions or, rather, a currency crisis has originated. In this article we show how the index is sensitive to some assumptions behind the aggregation of the information available (exchange rates, interest rates and reserves), especially when emerging countries are involved. Specifically, we address the way exchange rate variations are computed and the impact of different definitions of the reserves, and we question the constancy of the weights adopted. These issues compound with the choice of a fixed threshold when crisis episodes are identified through the EMP index. As a result, one should exert caution in subsequent econometric analyses where a dependent binary variable is built to identify crisis periods. 相似文献
9.
In this article, we re-investigate the validity of Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) for a sample of 10 East-Asia countries over the period of January 1987 to June 2005, using a recently developed econometric technique of the panel stationary test with multiple structural breaks, proposed by Carrion-i-Silvestre et al. (2005). This test considers multiple structural breaks positioned at different unknown dates and a different number of breaks for each individual. Empirical evidence shows that the PPP holds true for half of 10 East-Asia countries during the research period. Our results have important policy implications for these 10 East-Asia countries under study. 相似文献
10.
Carmem Aparecida Feijó Felipe Figueiredo Câmara Luiz Fernando Cerqueira 《Journal of post Keynesian economics》2015,38(4):616-636
AbstractFollowing Marglin and Bhaduri (1990), the purpose of this paper is to investigate empirically the interaction between income distribution and growth of aggregate demand during the 1951–89 period in Brazil. Applying Hein and Vogel’s (2008) methodology we conclude that the Brazilian economy showed a profit-led demand regime. In a context of high inflation, high concentration of markets, and wage control, retained profits were the main source to finance new capital. In this sense, we found a large sensitivity of investment relative to the wage share, a result that is compatible with a consumption pattern based on high income, which supported the growth trend with low wages observed during the period. 相似文献
11.
Abstract We report the results from a series of trust games designed to distinguish racial discrimination from racial nepotism, played with a sample of high school students in Cape Town, South Africa. In contrast to the original work in this regard by Fershtman et al. (2005), we find considerably greater heterogeneity in the way that proposers respond to the revealed racial identity of their partner, with nepotism being a dominant behavior. However, while some proposers exhibit a nepotistic bias in their offers that favors in-group members on average, others exhibit a nepotistic strategy that favors out-group members. A consequence of this nepotism is that both efficiency and equity are reduced on average. 相似文献
12.
《China Economic Journal》2013,6(3):223-240
This article applies the factor model proposed by Giannone, Reichlin, and Small (2005) on a large data set to nowcast (i.e. current-quarter forecast) the annual growth rate of China's quarterly GDP. The data set contains 189 indicator series of several categories, such as prices, industrial production, fixed asset investment, external sector, money market, and financial market. This article also applies Bai and Ng's criteria (2002) to determine the number of common factors in the factor model. The identified model generates out-of-sample nowcasts for China's GDP with smaller mean-squared forecast errors than those of the random walk benchmark. Moreover, using the factor model, we find that interest rate data is the single most important block of information to improve estimates of current-quarter GDP in China. Other important blocks are consumer and retail prices data and fixed asset investment indicators. 相似文献
13.
In this article we examine the persistence nature of Taiwan's aggregate output fluctuations by using the ‘innovation regime-switching’ (IRS) model in which the effect of an innovation may be permanent or transitory, depending on an unobservable state variable that follows a first order Markov chain. By applying the IRS model to Taiwan's real GDP data, we find that during the 1961 to 2000 period 61% (39%) of the real output shocks are likely to have permanent (transitory) effects. Moreover, the innovations in the officially identified expansion (contraction) are more likely to have a permanent (transitory) effect. These results are similar to those found in many studies of US real output fluctuations, e.g. Beaudry and Koop (1993), Kim and Nelson (1999) and Kuan et al. (2005). However, we also find that Taiwan's output dynamics have changed drastically ever since year 2000. In particular, the shocks to real GDP have become more likely to have only transitory effect, even during the period of post-2001:IV expansion. 相似文献
14.
《Applied economics letters》2012,19(11):1125-1132
Employing disaggregated real exchange rates from nine European counties in 16 goods categories, we assess in this study the nonlinearity in the real exchange rates. Surprisingly, we find evidence for nonlinearity in only four (10) out of 143 series with the linearity test proposed by Harvey et al. (2008) at the 5% (10%) significance level. This result differs greatly from those of Juvenal and Taylor (2008), Imbs et al. (2003), Sarno et al. (2004) and Berka (2009), who report ample evidence for nonlinearity for the same or similarly disaggregated real exchange rate datasets. 相似文献
15.
Ulrich Fritsche Jan-Christoph Rülke Georg Stadtmann 《International economic journal》2013,27(2):333-343
Based on the approach advanced by Elliott, Komunjer, and Timmermann (2005), we analyzed whether the loss function of a sample of exchange-rate forecasters is asymmetric in the forecast error. Using forecasts of the dollar/euro exchange rate, we found that the shape of the loss function varies across forecasters. Some forecasters appear to make forecasts under an asymmetric loss function, while a symmetric loss function seems to describe well the loss function of other forecasters. Accounting for an asymmetric loss function does not necessarily make forecasts ‘look’ rational. 相似文献
16.
《Applied economics letters》2012,19(12):1223-1228
In this study, the panel Seemingly Unrelated Regressions Augmented Dickey–Fuller (SURADF) tests advanced by Breuer et al. (2001) are used to test the validity of Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) for G-7 countries over the period 1980M1 to 2008M5. The empirical results from several panel-based unit root tests indicate that PPP does not hold for G-7 countries under study; however, Breuer et al.'s (2001) panel SURADF tests unequivocally indicate that PPP is valid for half of the G-7 countries. 相似文献
17.
Heba Ahmed Abass Ali 《Journal of Behavioral Finance》2017,18(2):152-166
Using a sample of 1,926 UK initial public offerings (IPOs) launched from 1987 to 2007, this study introduces a new angle on testing the behavioral timing hypothesis in the context of UK IPOs via investigating relationships between the magnitude of IPOs misvaluation and postissue stock price and operating performance. IPO misvaluation is measured using (i) an intrinsic value of the firm estimated using residual income valuation model and (ii) intensity of IPO issuance activity. The findings show that stock price and operating underperformance in the postissue are directly linked to the degree of IPOs' misvaluation. Specifically, the stock price and operating performance are found to be significantly and robustly different between hot markets IPOs and cold market IPOs 3 years postissue. We also show that overvalued IPOs have lower long-run stock returns, but outperforming operating performance, than undervalued IPOs do. Our findings are broadly consistent with the behavioral explanations of the poor stock price and operating performance, supporting the U.S. results of Purnanandam and Swaminathan [2004] and Loughran and Ritter [2000]. 相似文献
18.
P. S. Sephton 《Applied economics》2013,45(27):3439-3453
Lopez et al. (2005) demonstrated that single-equation unit-root tests cannot provide conclusive evidence of whether real exchange rates are stationary because inference depends critically on the lag-lengths used to construct the test statistics, a result reinforced by a recent work by Sweeney (2006). The purpose of this article is to revisit the issue, first demonstrating the necessary conditions under which this approach of testing for Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) is appropriate. 相似文献
19.
This article extends the results of Byers et al. (1997) on long memory in support for the Conservative and Labour Parties in the UK using longer samples and additional poll series. It finds continuing support for the ARFIMA(0,?d,?0) model, though with somewhat smaller values of the long memory parameter. We find that the move to telephone polling in the mid-1990s had no apparent effect on the estimated value of d for either party. Finally, we find that we cannot reject the hypotheses that the parties share a common long memory parameter which we estimate at around 0.65. 相似文献
20.
The paper investigates market share instability in the context of Brazilian industry for the 1986–1998 period. The paper proposes the use of panel data unit root tests to access market share instability for a sample of industrial firms from different sectors and therefore generalizes related time series unit root tests proposed by Gallet and List (2001). The results mostly indicate that one cannot reject the hypothesis of market share instability and therefore there exist some degree of market rivalry in the Brazilian case. 相似文献