中国行业报营销策略研究

文中立足中国行业报现状,存在的问题及原因,提出中国行业报营销策略的研究.通过中国行业报理论的四要素阐述.根据现代市场营销理论的研究成果.把商品和服务整体地销售给消费者的一系列经营管理活动,展现了行业报面临的形势和挑战.文中针对行业报面临的形势、挑战和现状,提出了行业报的发展趋势及主要对策.     

武汉光电子产业标准与专利现状及推进策略研究

在全球市场竞争中,技术标准已成为企业抢占国际分工的关键环节及重要手段。在信息产业领域,专利借助技术标准这一载体与平台,逐渐成为国际贸易的游戏规则及非关税壁垒,谁控制了专利,谁就可以控制国际市场和国际贸易,技术标准与专利的结合是发展的必然趋势。文章在调研的基础上,对武汉光电子产业的的标准与专利现状进行了分析,并结合实际问题,站在企业的视角,对企业最为关注的专利进入标准的问题,提出了在实际操作过程中应注意的一些问题及对策建议。     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

国内门户网站品牌塑造及模型构建——基于国内外门户网站的比较研究

互联网是全球化的虚拟化,虚拟体验直接影响顾客的认知与行为,从而影响网站的品牌。基于受众体验的国内门户网站品牌塑造模型的构建,是国内门户网站在参考国外先进的网站建设的成功经验的基础上,塑造适合国内门户网站的品牌策略和一项重要的竞争策略。     

中世纪的骑士精神及其衰落

在学习西欧中世纪骑士制度过程中,了解到了骑士制度在中世纪历史上所占据的历史地位。骑士制度被誉为"封建制度之花",是社会中坚力量,骑士精神对国王到最低等贵族的统治阶级产生了巨大影响。庄园经济的衰落使骑士制度逐步瓦解;战争的平民化和雇佣军的盛行使骑士队伍萎缩;基督教的腐朽弱化了"骑士精神";不适应军事和战争变革的需要,几个方面解释在政治和社会上拥有如此高地位的骑士阶层从繁荣到衰落的原因。     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

The clash of managerial and professional logics in public procurement: Implications for innovation in the health-care sector

This article addresses the enactment of public procurement and its influence on adoption and diffusion of innovation, using a case study of public procurement of a low-tech medical device innovation in Swedish healthcare. Based on interviews and documentation, the article illustrates the various perspectives of the different professions involved in the complex task of setting the requirement specification for the tender. The technology identities of the medical device (innovation) are constructed and negotiated by the actors: procurement administrators, health-care professionals and suppliers within the adoption space. Examining the enactment of the procurement process as part of the adoption space is a way to deepen our understanding of the social component within public procurement.     

浅谈纺织面料特性与服装设计的关系

面料、款式、色彩是构成服装的三要素.而每一次掀起服装改革浪潮的都是面料.文中阐述了面料与服装的搭配.要抓住面料的特点,与设计的服装款式相结合,借助面料的特点,突出设计主题.表现服装风格.     

科技是绿色建筑发展的基础

近年来,全球气候恶化,温室气体效应危害了全人类的生存环境。随着我国城市化进程的加速,相应的建筑物和设施将大幅增加,建筑能耗随之加大。一种能节约能源及资源、减轻环境负荷的绿色建筑应运而生,成为我国建设小康社会的必由之路。文章认为,日新月异的科技进步必然是绿色建筑发展的坚实基础和唯一途径。     

The Geography of Innovation in China and India

The BRICS countries in general, and China and India in particular, are now widely regarded as the areas of the world likely to challenge the economic leadership of the United States (US) and the European Union (EU). A large part of this challenge will come from rapid technological catch‐up by China and India. Yet, despite a recent rise in interest, there is limited knowledge about how and where innovation takes place in these two leading emerging countries and to what extent the Chinese and Indian territorial systems of innovation differ from those in the EU or the US. In this article we explore the geography of innovation in China and India, concentrating on understanding key territorial‐level innovation trends by country, region and technology field, using the US and the EU as benchmarks. We find significant contrasts between the geography of innovation in China and India and that of the US and the EU. First, the degree of concentration of innovative activities in both countries is extremely high. Levels of agglomeration of innovation in the coastal provinces of China, as well as in Delhi and the South of India, significantly exceed the levels of agglomeration found in the USA and the EU. Secondly, China has witnessed a more rapid increase in the degree of concentration of innovation than India. We posit that the differences in the geography of innovation between, on the one hand, China and India and, on the other hand, between these countries and the developed world are rooted in different institutional settings, different systems of innovation and different national innovation strategies.     

Why do Graffiti Writers Write on Murals? The Birth,Life, and Slow Death of Freeway Murals in Los Angeles

For three decades graffiti writers have marked the Olympic Festival freeway murals painted in celebration of the 1984 Olympic Games in Los Angeles (LA). These high‐profile murals, which once symbolized LA's status as the ‘Mural Capital of the World', became palimpsests on which graffiti writers painted their monikers, perhaps unwittingly contributing to their eventual destruction. Local government, muralists and residents have bemoaned the murals' slow death, though have not been able to identify or understand the motives for such vandalism, interpreting it as ‘mindless', ‘animalistic' vandalism perpetrated by ‘kids' who simply lack respect. I argue that the burial of these murals under layers of paint must be understood in the context of competing claims made to public space. Relying on rare personal interviews with the graffiti writers who participated in their destruction, I answer the question ‘Why do graffiti writers write on murals?', while situating the birth and life of the Olympic murals within a larger historical discussion about Chicano/a mural making, urbanization, freeway construction, and the growth of the graffiti subculture in the United States' paradigmatic global city.     

Urbanization and the City Image in Lowry at Tate Britain: Towards a Critique of Cultural Cityism

This article explores cultural cityism at a time when a more expansive, ‘planetary’ urbanization is argued to have superseded ‘the city’ as the dominant urban form. It takes an essentially Lefebvrian problematic and works this through an examination of one aspect of contemporary metropolitan culture, the L.S. Lowry exhibition at Tate Britain, held in the summer of 2013. The article scrutinizes the juxtaposition of Lowry's images of the industrial city with the image of ‘global’, corporate London provided by Tate Britain itself. The exhibition is presented as evidence of Lefebvre's argument that although the urban core has imploded and exploded, through images the city ‘can perpetuate itself, survive its conditions’. Taking stock also of the preponderance of city images in culture more widely, it is argued such images make a fetish of the city, producing also an ‘urban pastoral’ that obscures the defining characteristics of urban life today. Finally, Benjamin's concept of the ‘dialectical image’ and Rancière's notion of the ‘sentence image’ are invoked to capture the flashing together of past and present city images and the opportunities for critical reflection this constellation presents.     

Urban Informality and the State: Geographical Translations and Conceptual Alliances

Understandings of informality commonly derive from research undertaken in states perceived as lacking the capacity to regulate the practices of their populations. This Interventions forum aims to expand the geographical parameters of empirical research on urban informality. A more global approach, we argue, also necessitates questioning assumptions that undergird this concept—in particular the underlying conception of the state. In this vein, this collection of papers aims to rethink theories of the state through the lens of informality, and vice versa, to inform and refine the concept of informality through a more thorough understanding of states. In so doing, the contributions engage with concepts that have been central both to theories of the state and to the study of informality, namely governance, agency, legitimacy, sovereignty and legality. Following this introduction setting out our theoretical approach, the Interventions forum unites five empirical studies that discuss the nexus of informality and states in contexts that have been researched less extensively from this perspective, each tackling one of the above‐mentioned concepts. Based on these different entry points, the papers provide novel angles on a state‐theoretical understanding of informality. A concluding essay brings these approaches together, reflecting on the possibilities of translating concepts to different sites.     

企业集团化发展中的纳税筹划理念及实施价值

纳税筹划是企业在遵守税法的前提下,通过预先安排和策划追求自身税负最小化的财务管理活动。在企业集团化发展过程中,税负的绝对额以及对企业现金流量、资金运作的影响会愈显重要,因此企业集团应该树立正确的筹划理念,充分认识实施筹划的价值。     

江苏和甘肃经济发展与大气环境保护状况比较分析

江苏是我国东部经济发达地区省份 ,甘肃是西部欠发达省份 ,两省具有不同的经济增长和环境保护特征 ,对其进行比较研究 ,可发现东部与西部地区各自的比较优势 ,为双方的协作互补和相互借鉴探索切合点。本文对两省工业废气排放总量、单位GDP工业废气排放量、工业SO2、工业烟尘和工业粉尘的排放量与去除量、工业废气污染治理投资、工业废气排放重点行业等指标进行了重点定量比较分析 ,得出了相应结论 ,提出了相应措施     

编组站调度信息对阶段计划的影响及计划调整研究

考虑编组站列车到达时间的不确定性，研究阶段计划解体方案的鲁棒调整方法，以提高阶段计划的鲁棒性。在研究编组站列车到达规律及其对阶段计划编制和执行的影响的基础上，分析通过调整解体方案提高阶段计划鲁棒性的必要性和可行性；由列车解体最早开始时刻、解体最晚开始时刻以及待解时间之问的关系，推导出相邻列车解体顺序调整的判定条件；定义了列车待解时间调整量的概念，给出不同情形下列车待解时间的最大调整量的计算方法；基于解体方案鲁棒调整的概念，提出基于随机模拟和经验公式两种解体方案鲁棒调整评价方法；最后给出解体方案鲁棒调整算法。     

论医院固定资产管理存在的问题及对策

就目前的社会经济而言,国家拨给医院的资金是很有限的,而正是因为这样,医院更应该在面对经费不足的时候,计划好开源节流,管理好现有的固定资产,并优化资源,努力提高社会效益以及经济效益。本文简单地探讨目前医院固定资产管理中存在的问题以及对策。     

如何实现高校实验室仪器设备的科学化与自动化管理

通过多年的实际管理经验,进一步研究高校实验室运行中仪器设备的科学化和自动化管理问题,对设备管理体制、机构设置、管理模式、方法、队伍建设等问题,提出了自己的见解,使高校能强有力地监管国有资产不受侵犯,最大限度地发挥仪器设备对教育教学和科研的作用,为高校的教育事业和可持续发展服务。     

Statistical Inference under Symmetry

We explore the consequences of adjoining a symmetry group to a statistical model. Group actions are first induced on the sample space, and then on the parameter space. It is argued that the right invariant measure induced by the group on the parameter space is a natural non-informative prior for the parameters of the model. The permissible sub-parameters are introduced, i.e., the subparameters upon which group actions can be defined. Equivariant estimators are similarly defined. Orbits of the group are defined on the sample space and on the parameter space; in particular the group action is called transitive when there is only one orbit. Credibility sets and confidence sets are shown (under right invariant prior and assuming transitivity on the parameter space) to be equal when defined by permissible sub-parameters and constructed from equivariant estimators. The effect of different choices of transformation group is illustrated by examples, and properties of the orbits on the sample space and on the parameter space are discussed. It is argued that model reduction should be constrained to one or several orbits of the group. Using this and other natural criteria and concepts, among them concepts related to design of experiments under symmetry, leads to links towards chemometrical prediction methods and towards the foundation of quantum theory.     

浅析Java多线程中的同步和死锁

多线程在编程社会中是一个相当新的结构,非常强大,可以加大地提高程序的运行效率。Java是第一个在语言的核心中支持线程,通过多线程的并发运行提高了系统资源的利用率,改善了系统性能,但由于多线程要共享内存资源,为了避免数据资源的使用混乱,必须对线程的同步问题作出解决。本文对Java多线程中实现同步的方法和死锁产生原因及避免原则做出了简要分析。