基于供应链柔性的供应链风险控制研究

社会竞争日益激烈,供应链管理中风险的控制对于企业来讲越来越重要。本文从供应链柔性的角度来分析供应链的控制问题,首先分析了供应链风险的来源,供应链风险一般来自外部风险、内部风险以及资源流风险,然后从供应链柔性的角度来控制供应链风险。     

A unified approach to systemic risk measures via acceptance sets

We specify a general methodological framework for systemic risk measures via multidimensional acceptance sets and aggregation functions. Existing systemic risk measures can usually be interpreted as the minimal amount of cash needed to secure the system after aggregating individual risks. In contrast, our approach also includes systemic risk measures that can be interpreted as the minimal amount of cash that secures the aggregated system by allocating capital to the single institutions before aggregating the individual risks. An important feature of our approach is the possibility of allocating cash according to the future state of the system (scenario‐dependent allocation). We also provide conditions that ensure monotonicity, convexity, or quasi‐convexity of our systemic risk measures.     

Customer and Supplier Portfolios: Can Credit Risks be Managed Through Supply Chain Relationships?

While supply chain risk has been the subject of an ever‐increasing amount of research attention, the importance of credit risk has been less studied, at least by supply chain researchers. Yet, there may be risks inherent within a firm's portfolios of supply chain relationships that are manifested in the credit risk of a firm. Moreover, portfolio characteristics may serve as a signal to the external market regarding these risks. While customer and supplier portfolio characteristics may impact the firm's exposure to risks, the specific issue of how portfolio characteristics relate to credit risk has rarely been examined by supply chain scholars. This research bridges extant works in supply chain management and finance to relate supply chain characteristics to a critical reputational outcome, namely credit ratings. In this research, we utilize a sample of firms that recently underwent an initial public offering to empirically examine the theoretical predictions of Resource Dependence Theory regarding the relationships between different supply chain portfolio characteristics and credit risk.     

Assessing the Efficiency of Risk Mitigation Strategies in Supply Chains

Mitigating supply chain risk is a critical component of a company's overall risk management strategy. Drawing upon Contingency Theory, we posit that the appropriateness and effectiveness of risk mitigation strategies are contingent on the internal and external environments and that there is no one‐size‐fits‐all strategy. While literature on risk management has proposed a variety of tools and techniques for effectively evaluating and managing supply chain risks, comprehensive assessment of the efficiencies of alternative risk mitigation strategies has not been addressed in the literature. Such an assessment will help managers select the appropriate mitigation strategy for a given decision‐making environment. To this end, this study is first of its kind in evaluating and proposing efficient supply chain risk mitigation strategies in the presence of a variety of risk categories, risk sources, and supply chain configurations. We combine an empirically grounded simulation methodology with data envelopment analysis and nonparametric statistical methods to analyze and rank alternative mitigation strategies. We find that the more efficient strategies focus on flexibility rather than on redundancy for supply chain failures. Our research presents several interesting and useful managerial insights for deciding what strategies are most capable of mitigating risks in a variety of contexts.     

Effective Risk Relievers for Dimensional Perceived Risks on Mail-Order Purchase

Abstract

This article examines the effective risk relievers for different dimensions of perceived risk on mail-order purchase of food products. The sample comprised 1,600 active and inactive mail-order specialty food shoppers in the UK. The analysis focused on the correlation coefficients between consumers' levels of perceived risk and their weight on the importance of the risk relievers. Amongst 15 risk relievers, the results implied that there are certain risk relievers attached to higher levels of importance by consumers, who perceive higher levels of risks in certain aspects of mail-order purchase. Therefore, mail-order companies should promote the effective risk relievers to reduce specific dimensions of perceived risks.     

Disruptions in Supply Networks: A Probabilistic Risk Assessment Approach

Supply disruptions are attracting growing attention. Even in geographically, politically and economically stable locations, companies are exposed to disruptions, because they depend on their suppliers and suppliers’ suppliers. The analysis of these disruptions helps mitigate risks: for example, instead of relying on local measures such as safety stock or insurance, a company can introduce new supply contracts or backup risky suppliers. In this article, we analyze risks caused by supplier disruptions by introducing concepts from probabilistic risk assessment (PRA), which is a widely employed methodology for the risk analysis of complex engineering systems. We apply PRA to examine simple networks such as triads analytically, and use simulation to analyze disruption risks in random networks of realistic size. We also illustrate how PRA can support strategic decisions such as whether or not to use single or multiple suppliers; which suppliers are more risky than others; and what impacts the complexity of the supply base has on the reliability of the supplier network.     

供应链战略联盟关系风险及其控制

供应链战略联盟关系是最重要的供应链关系形式,在为供应链战略联盟成员带来对彼此有利的竞争优势的同时,也面临着失败的风险.供应链战略联盟关系风险的形成是多种因素相互作用的结果,为有效控制供应链战略联盟关系风险,确保风险管理策略得到正确执行,应建立信任机制,减少联盟成员之间的交易成本,增强联盟成员之间的合作意愿,提高生产与服务的柔性,降低联盟成员的机会主义行为倾向;进行动态契约控制,预防目标冲突风险,及时发现和规避信任风险、信息风险、激励风险、文化差异风险;建立有效的激励机制,形成联盟成员之间的制衡和监督关系,激发联盟成员的积极性、主动性和创造性,及时发现并解决问题,促进联盟关系的健康发展,提高整个供应链的竞争能力和绩效;增进文化融合,消除联盟成员在信息和认识上的差异,使联盟成员间的目标趋于一致,推动联盟成员间的有效合作,促进联盟关系健康发展.     

国外国防工业SCR管理研究现状及启示

随着全球化的深入,国防工业供应链向全球延伸的同时,也凸显了SCR,需要采取有效措施进行管理与防范。本文对国外国防工业SCR管理研究的现状和关注领域进行了评述,得出了一些有益的启示。     

物流企业快速成长的战略杠杆:供应链金融

随着现代金融制度及管理模式的创新,金融体制必将发生深刻的变革,而这种变革又将带来更加适合竞争与发展的新型金融管理模式。供应链金融就是为中小物流企业量身定做的一种新型融资模式。在供应链金融实际应用过程中,可根据主体具体情况的不同采取不同的融资流程和方式,但都不可避免地会存在一定的风险。为更好地促进物流企业快速成长,在供应链金融实际应用过程中,应从供应链自身存在的风险、供应链金融业务中涉及到的信用风险、运营风险、法律风险等角度出发,对供应链金融业务风险进行深入分析,并针对相应的风险采取相应的规避措施,如政府带头培育良好的信用环境和法律环境,在供应链金融实施过程中选择好产业链群,商业银行加快构建较为完善的风险控制体系,建立供应链保障机制。     

From Supply Chains to Supply Ecosystems: Implications for Strategic Sourcing Research and Practice

Traditionally, sourcing decisions such as what to buy and from whom to buy it were viewed as clerical in nature. Today, however, many executives view sourcing decisions as strategic and these decisions are being made from more prominent positions within firms. Indeed, over time more companies are embracing the concept of strategic sourcing—making acquisition decisions with the intent of creating value and achieving a competitive advantage. In this article, we introduce the Special Topic Forum articles on strategic sourcing and performance. Each offers important implications for strategic sourcing research and practice. An overall implication is that some traditional supply chains appear to be giving way to supply ecosystems, which represent a set of interdependent and coordinated organizations that share common adaptive challenges and that collectively shape the creation and nurturing of a sourcing base that contributes to competitive advantage and superior performance. We offer several theoretical perspectives that hold promise for explaining supply ecosystem functioning and outcomes. In terms of practice, firms need to adapt their strategic sourcing to this evolution or run the risk of being weakened.     

供应链融资的风险防范研究

本文对供应链融资面临的风险和表现形式进行分析,并对如何防范供应链融资风险提出了相应策略,从而实现供应链及供应链上各企业可持续发展的目的。     

Logistics Professional Identity: Strengthening the Discipline as Galaxies Collide

The merger of logistics, operations, supply management, and related disciplines into the broader field of supply chain management (SCM) has brought together academic fields with different professional identities and competing visions of what SCM ought to be, what students ought to be taught, and what the priorities for research and publication should be. This raises serious concerns because logistics faculty are less numerous than faculty in related fields. Logistics professional identity risks being diluted by the merger, resulting in potentially serious consequences for the future of logistics education and research. This paper explores these issues and offers suggestions to preserve logistics' professional identity, education and research in a supply chain world. We propose that logisticians expand the journals where they publish logistics research, continuing support for strengthening the Journal of Business Logistics as the “A” journal in logistics, rethink the way we train doctoral students, and work to preserve our community both inside and outside business schools.     

水产品加工业供应链风险及其控制策略

根据对文献的研究成果,结合对水产品加工业的深入调研分析,本文着重从供应、物流、财务、信息、需求、环境等方面对水产品加工业供应链风险进行剖析。供应链中各种风险因素之间并非独立存在,而是相互影响、互为因果。因此,在明确水产业供应链每种风险产生根源及其变动规律的基础上,提出适宜的风险控制策略,以期规避风险,确保水产业供应链整体安全高效运行。     

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Two decades of the Journal of Marketing Channels: Impacting the present and directing the future of marketing channel research

Abstract

We, the Publisher of Journal of Marketing Channels, have retracted the following article:

?

Zemanek Jr., J. E., Taylor, E. C., Tran, T. P., & Loomis, D. C. (2019). Two decades of the Journal of Marketing Channels: Impacting the present and directing the future of marketing channel research. Journal of Marketing Channels. Advance online publication. doi:10.1080/1046669X.2019.1647914

?

This article has been retracted as it was published in error by the publisher whilst still in the peer review process. The authors have been notified of the retraction.

?

We have been informed in our decision-making by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guidelines on retractions.

?

The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as “Retracted.”     

The Sustainability of Current Account Deficits and Tourism Receipts in Turkey

Current Account Deficits (CAD) in Turkey have reached significantly high levels in the recent years and discussions around the sustainability of these deficits continue. On the other hand, thanks to its rapid development within the same period, the tourism sector is observed to increase its positive contribution to the current accounts balances. This study is an initiative to highlight the contribution of the tourism sector to the sustainability of the CAD in Turkey. Unit root and Cointegration tests have been used to this end. This approach is applied to the long-run relationship between Exports + Tourism Receipts (X + TR) and Imports + Tourism Expenditures (M + TE) for the period of 1980Q1–2005Q2. We question the weak sustainability hypothesis where the cointegrating vector is (X + TR)_t = a + b(M + TE)_t + η _t . In this vector, if b equals to one and η_t is stationary, then the current account deficits are strongly sustainable, if b is between 0 and 1(0 < b < 1) and η_t is stationary or b = 1 but η_t is non-stationary, then the current account deficits are weakly sustainable and lastly, if there is no cointegration or b = 0, then the current account deficits are unsustainable. The empirical results indicate that CAD in Turkey are unsustainable in spite of the rising shares of tourism receipts in current account balances. Therefore, in Turkey, where exports are exceedingly depended on imports, which makes it not very easy to reduce imports, the only way to ensure that CAD are sustainable is to seek options to further increase the tourism receipts.     

The Role of Social Mechanisms in Promoting Supplier Flexibility

Purpose: This study explores a conceptual framework for social mechanisms (trust and shared vision) to induce supplier flexibility (i.e., volume, mix, new product, and delivery flexibility).

Design/methodology/approach: The current study is based on marketing research reviews of social mechanisms and supply chain flexibility literature. To explore these issues, the authors developed and tested hypotheses with data from 162 members of the SMIT (Supply Management Institute, Taiwan).

Findings: The results show that trust has a direct impact on supplier's volume flexibility and delivery flexibility. Furthermore, the findings indicate that a shared vision has direct impact on supplier's mix, new product, and delivery flexibility. Finally, shared vision plays a mediating role among trust and mix, new product, and delivery flexibility.

Research limitations/implications: This research considers buyer's perspective in examining social mechanisms that enhance supplier flexibility. A clear understanding of social mechanisms effects could evaluate competence trust and risk of respective flexibility that may affect social mechanism effectiveness.

Practical implications: This article contributes to management guidelines on how to align suppliers to respond quickly to customer demands.

Originality/value: The study provides novel insights into social mechanism impact on suppliers' respective flexibility.     

论供应链的安全风险及防范措施

随着世界经济的全球化和一体化,企业的生存环境变得更加不确定,以致于供应链在运作过程中,面临着越来越多的安全风险。尤其是“9.11”事件之后,恐怖分子利用和破坏全球供应链已经成为一种新的威胁。本文分析了供应链的安全风险及其产生的原因和后果,提出了预防风险的对策,目的是规避风险及降低风险产生的损失。     

Ensuring Supply Chain Resilience: Development and Implementation of an Assessment Tool

In today's tightly connected global economy, traditional management practices that rely on “steady‐state” conditions are challenged by chaotic external pressures and turbulent change. Just in the last few years, the world has experienced a string of catastrophic events, including a global economic meltdown, a volcanic eruption in Iceland, an oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico, a disastrous tsunami and power blackout in Japan, and political upheavals in Africa and the Middle East. Managing the risk of an uncertain future is a challenge that requires resilience—the ability to survive, adapt, and grow in the face of turbulent change. This research develops a measurement tool titled the Supply Chain Resilience Assessment and Management (SCRAM?). Data gathered from seven global manufacturing and service firms are used to validate SCRAM?, using qualitative methodology with 1,369 empirical items from focus groups reviewing 14 recent disruptions. Critical linkages are uncovered between the inherent vulnerability factors and controllable capability factors. Through mixed‐method triangulation, this research identified 311 specific linkages that can be used to guide a resilience improvement process. Pilot testing suggests a correlation between increased resilience and improved supply chain performance.     

Inquiry and the Practice of Theoretical Conversation: Engaging in Dialogue to Elaborate Hidden Connections

Our goal at JBL is not just to provide a forum for theoretical conversation but also to proactively invite more insightful and interactive conversation. As active inquiry and open dialogue are critical to achieving this goal, we discuss the nature of inquiry and argue for developing the skills and conditions required to promote dialogue over discussion. Only through more profound dialogue can we address the challenges of a tumultuous decision‐making environment, advance theoretical understanding, and improve managerial practice. We then introduce “Dialogue,” a new feature at JBL, which will consist of concise statements of alternative perspectives and diverse views. Through Dialogue, we invite members of the supply chain community to join colleagues in a grand adventure of knowledge discovery. We hope you will agree that the quest for understanding is more fun when we travel the path of discovery together.     

我国粮食供应链问题研究

当前我国粮食生产规模化水平低,产业化水平低,农民进入市场组织化程度低,粮食生产比较利益低,农业投资严重不足;粮食企业规模偏小,粮食深加工水平偏低,市场不健全,部门分割、地区封锁严重,粮食流通不畅;政府监管干预成效不大,对市场的引导作用有待加强。文章提出,政府必须调整粮食行政管理体制,基于粮食供应链行使管理与调控职能;完善农业管理的法律体系,改革粮食管理制度,建立综合高效的行政管理体制;完善粮食供应链信息网络,逐步建立粮食产量和产能调控机制;加强对粮食种植大户与龙头企业的扶持力度,培育平等合格的粮食市场主体,促进农业中介组织的发展。