中国装备制造业全要素生产率增长的波动与异质性

研究目标：中国装备制造业及其细分行业TFP增长率的测定与分解。研究方法：构建超越对数形式的随机前沿生产函数模型,测算中国装备制造业及其细分行业TFP增长率,并对其进行分解。研究发现：中国装备制造业TFP增长率不但在区域和省份之间存在差异,而且存在明显的内部行业异质性;技术进步和配置效率变化分别是提高和阻碍装备制造业TFP增长率的主要原因和障碍;除技术进步均为正值外,技术效率变化、规模效率变化和配置效率变化在装备制造业各行业中异质性相当明显;装备制造业及其细分行业仍未从真正意义上实现由粗放型向集约型增长方式的转变。研究创新：中国装备制造业细分行业TFP增长率及其异质性。研究价值：为装备制造业转型与升级提供经验证据。     

中国服务业全要素生产率增长及其收敛分析

本文使用非参数的Malmquist指数方法测算了中国28个省区市1978～2007年服务业全要素生产率(TFP)变动情况,并从技术效率和技术进步两个方面对中国服务业全要素生产率变化的阶段性和区域性特点进行了分析。结果表明,改革开放以来,中国服务业TFP不断提高,但增长幅度呈阶段性下降态势。随着服务业资本深化过程的推进,服务业增长的要素推动作用相当明显,而TFP的增长贡献则逐渐降低,而且,在TFP的变化中,技术进步的增长效应明显,但技术效率的水平效应相对有限。在空间分布上,TFP增长及其分解存在东部、中部和西部的区域性差异,但收敛检验表明,各省区市的TFP增长呈现出长期的收敛趋势。     

服务贸易开放能否提高制造业生产率

本文首先梳理了服务贸易开放促进制造业生产率提升的路径：种类效应、数量效应、价格效应和资源再配置效应。其次,从服务贸易数量和服务业对外开放政策两个角度构建了服务开放对制造业各行业的开放渗透率,用DEA 曼奎斯特（DEA Malmquist）指数法测算制造业分行业全要素生产率（TFP）,以2004—2011年28个制造业行业面板数据为样本进行了实证研究。结果表明,两种指标度量下,服务贸易开放均显著促进了制造业全要素生产率的提高。分组回归模型显示,劳动密集型行业和资本密集型行业的服务开放生产率效应显著存在,技术密集型行业则不然。本文认为,在制造业与服务业发展失衡,制造业产业升级需求紧迫的情况下,适度推进服务开放进度,有利于制造业生产效率的提高和产业升级目标的实现。     

生产者服务进口对中国就业效应的实证研究

通过对生产者服务进口影响中国就业的效应进行实证研究发现,长期而言,生产者服务进口额每增加1%,服务业的就业将会增加0.24%,但对制造业就业并没有显著影响。其中,信息服务进口对服务业和制造业就业都没有显著影响;交通运输服务进口额每增加1%,制造业(服务业)的就业水平将会增长0.147%(0.275%);其他商业服务进口额每增加1%,服务业的就业水平将增加0.189%,但对制造业就业没有显著影响。短期而言,生产者服务进口对就业同时产生促进效应,但效应较小。政府应降低生产者服务进口壁垒以促进国内就业水平的提高。     

长三角地区服务业全要素生产率的测算（2003年-2011年）--基于Malmquist指数法

院文章基于Malmquist 指数法,测算了长三角地区服务业全要素生产率（TFP）指数.研究结果表明（1）2003-2011年长三角地区服务业TFP 指数年均值为0.997,其中上海市服务业TFP 指数为1.023;（2）长三角地区服务业增长态势趋缓,服务业增长率与TFP 指数变动呈高度正相关;（3）技术进步是提高服务业全要素生产率的主要因素.长三角地区产业结构逐渐向服务经济转型,应依靠技术进步,鼓励创新,提高服务业生产率,促进服务业的长期健康发展.     

中国高质量发展阶段下的产业结构变迁与经济增长研究——基于结构-效率-速度的逻辑框架

本文以结构-效率-速度为逻辑框架,在分析 “服务业成本病”与“结构性减速”形成机制的基础上,通过成本 曼奎斯特模型与传统径向曼奎斯特模型相结合的非参数方法测算产业的全要素生产率、规模效率、配置效率及技术进步和价格效应的增长率。研究表明：（1）“服务业成本病”和“结构性减速”实质上一脉相承,以“服务业成本病”现象来反驳经济增长进入“结构性减速”阶段是自相矛盾的;（2）中国各产业的技术进步增长对其全要素生产率增长起决定性作用,各产业的技术进步增长减缓使得其全要素生产率增长下降,从而导致中国经济增速下滑;（3）在全要素生产率层面上,服务业并非是“技术停滞”部门,但服务业内部部门的全要素生产率增长存在较大异质性,生活性服务业的全要素生产率增长较快,而生产性服务业和公共服务业的全要素生产率增长缓慢;（4）中国各产业的配置效率增长总体上比较缓慢,进一步着力深化市场化改革和供给侧结构性改革势在必行。     

城市群一体化与制造业要素配置效率——基于多维分解视角的考察

党的二十大报告指出要优化重大生产力布局，构建优势互补、高质量发展的区域经济布局，中国超过80%的规模以上工业企业集聚在数十个城市群中，城市群一体化发展与制造业增长息息相关。本文测度了2000～2015年中国22个城市群的一体化水平和制造业要素配置效率，并通过三重分解进一步考察两者之间的关系，发现如下：(1)2000～2015年中国22个城市群的一体化水平和制造业要素配置效率总体呈上升态势，但不同城市群之间分化较为严重，东部沿海城市群的制造业要素配置效率稳定上升，而西北边远地区的配置效率几乎没有增长。(2)城市群一体化有助于提升制造业要素配置效率，稳健性检验以及使用方言距离和姓氏集中度作为工具变量的结果也支持此结论。(3)从空间分解来看，城市群一体化促进制造业要素配置效率提升的效果主要依赖于城市间配置效率的改进，是城市内配置效率的2.5倍；从要素分解来看，城市群一体化对资本配置效率改进的贡献大于劳动力配置效率改进；从结构分解来看，纠正不当配置在城市群一体化促进制造业要素配置效率提升过程中的作用更为突出。本研究有助于深刻把握中国城市群和制造业发展的关键矛盾，为构建全国统一大市场和深挖制造业...     

我国技术效率、技术进步与生产率区域差异的实证研究

本文用非参数Malmquist指数方法研究了我国全要素生产率的增长状况及其区域差异,并将其分解为技术进步和技术效率,同时采用增长回归法对我国地区之间TFP、技术效率、科技进步的差异进行了检验。研究表明:1994-2007年间我国全要素生产率年均增长率达到1%,主要得益于技术进步水平的提高,技术效率总体上呈现下滑趋势;我国各省市区的科技进步、技术效率、TFP变化呈现出较为明显的差异,其中TFP和科技进步变化差异最为明显,而技术效率变化差异不大。     

我国物流业全要素生产率的动态演化—基于DEA的Malmquist指数的实证分析

首先利用非参数的DEA-Malmquist生产率指数方法对1995-2007年中国物流业全要素生产率(TFP)的变动进行测度,并对TFP指数进了分解.研究结果表明:(1)我国物流业生产率总体上处于增长趋势,并呈现先增长后下降再增长的特征;(2)技术进步是物流业生产率增长的关键因素,而技术效率是物流业生产率改善的瓶颈.     

我国物流业全要素生产率的动态演化——基于DEA的Malmquist指数的实证分析

首先利用非参数的DEA-Malmquist生产率指数方法对1995-2007年中国物流业全要素生产率(TFP)的变动进行测度,并对TFP指数进了分解。研究结果表明:(1)我国物流业生产率总体上处于增长趋势,并呈现先增长后下降再增长的特征;(2)技术进步是物流业生产率增长的关键因素,而技术效率是物流业生产率改善的瓶颈。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

The Creation of the Office for National Statistics

A new Office for National Statistics was created in the United Kingdom in 1996 following a series of developments designed to strengthen the relevance and integrity of statistics. This paper describes these fundamental changes and sets out a blueprint for future progress. It also sets current developments in the United Kingdom in an historical and international context.     

What helps? Women engineers' accounts of staying on

We have considerable understanding of the obstacles that women engineers encounter and the reasons that they leave the field, but we know less about what enables them to remain. Adopting an interpretivist approach, this article examines how a group of British women engineers in two FTSE 100 companies account for “staying on” in their male‐dominated work settings. We delineate four specific forms of help that facilitate women's retention in the field. We argue that exposure to help leads to women developing a habitus that enables them to continue working in engineering. To conclude, we draw on our findings to outline HR practices that will facilitate supportive relationships in the workplace and pave the way towards developing more positive organisational climates.     

论现代物流企业的发展观

物流业经过诸多年的发展目前已经成为最热门的行业之一,物流企业的注册数量也与日俱增,达到前所未有的规模。毋庸置疑,任何企业都希望自己迅速做强做大,并成为真正现代物流企业的典型代表,要实现这一目标一个首要问题就是要解决现代物流企业的发展观问题。     

浅谈大体积混凝土裂缝的控制

大体积混凝土的裂缝问题是实际工程中长期困扰工程技术人员的问题,其控制技术的研究是混凝土结构研究的热点问题,具有重大的学术价值和潜伏的工程背景。     

Supply Chain Strategies in the UK Fashion Industry—The Rhetoric of Partnership and Realities of Power

This paper focuses on the fashion industry, one characterised by issues such as dramatic shifts in the scale and power of major retail buyers in the market, the advent of retailer own brands, and the nature of sourcing and supply chain decisions, issues that are increasingly global in nature. The aim of this research is to explore the nature of relationships between UK high street multiple fashion retailers and their contracted suppliers, many of whom are entrepreneurial firms by most definitions of the term. Four core themes emerge from the literature and provide a framework for the research, namely, power, process, partnership, and people. The research approach was qualitative, and conducted over a period of twelve months. The paper ends with an agenda for future research.