军事供应链结构可靠性研究

军事供应链是与信息化战争相对应的后勤形态,为实现精确化后勤保障,研究军事供应链的可靠性非常必要。文章根据SCOR模型建立了军事供应链结构模型,将其划分为供应商网络和后勤配送网络,分别对基于Meta图模型的供应链和基于结构树模型供应链的结构可靠性进行定量描述,最后给出了计算军事供应链结构可靠性的公式。     

军事供应链可靠性管理研究综述

首先对军事供应链可靠性管理的研究背景进行了阐述,从军事供应链、供应链可靠性的概念、度量、定量分析方法和研究模型等方面,对军事供应链可靠性的研究现状进行回顾和评述,最后对进一步研究的问题提出展望。     

基于Witness的供应链系统的仿真设计与改善

文章介绍了供应链中的“牛鞭效应”以及Witness的基本应用,讨论了在供应链系统中利用Witness软件进行仿真的方法．采用了由钢铁公司、钢材服务中心、部件生产商和汽车厂所组成的供应链结构进行仿真,整个供应链和供应链上各节点的订货提前期和运输时间是所介绍的模型中的主要供应链绩效指标。通过模型的运行结果分析出供应链系统中的“瓶颈”和导致“牛鞭效应”出现的原因．从而提出缓解牛鞭效应的对策,并通过设置模型中的参数对供应链系统进行改善,以缓解“牛鞭效应”．     

基于GO法的生鲜农产品供应链可靠性评价

提出了生鲜农产品供应链可靠性的定义,依据GO模型的基本原理和生鲜农产品供应链的功能,绘制了生鲜农产品供应链系统GO图,成功地将GO模型应用于生鲜农产品供应链系统可靠性的定量研究中,进行GO定量运算,提出了生鲜农产品供应链可靠度评价等级划分标准,给出了具体的算例。该研究不仅能够计算出整个供应链系统的可靠性,还可以判断出整个供应链中的薄弱环节,从而可以选择更为合理、更有针对性的策略来提高供应链整体可靠性,评价结果可作为生鲜农产品供应链系统可靠性改善的重要依据。     

供应链固有可靠性和运作可靠性研究

依据供应链的不同阶段,将其可靠性分为固有可靠性和运作可靠性。为简化计算,提出供应链基本单元的概念,给出两种可靠性的分析方法。     

旅游服务供应链中成员环节关系的协调

以实现旅游服务供应链中成员环节的协调运转为基本目标,在对旅游服务供应链结构构成了解的基础上,从旅游供应链中的组成要素、基本特征和各个成员环节之间的关系等多个方面出发,阐述了旅游服务供应链管理的重点所在,运用得益模型和最佳数据选择模型对旅游服务供应链中各个成员环节之间协调问题进行分析,并提出了实现旅游服务供应链协调运转的有效措施。     

旅游服务供应链中成员环节关系的协调

以实现旅游服务供应链中成员环节的协调运转为基本目标,在对旅游服务供应链结构构成了解的基础上,从旅游供应链中的组成要素、基本特征和各个成员环节之间的关系等多个方面出发,阐述了旅游服务供应链管理的重点所在,运用得益模型和最佳数据选择模型对旅游服务供应链中各个成员环节之间协调问题进行分析,并提出了实现旅游服务供应链协调运转的有效措施。     

战时装备供应链可靠性评估研究

战时装备供应链的主要环节有筹措、运输、储存、包装和配送,主要风险源有远程精确打击、敌特后方袭扰和恶劣天气的影响,文章提出了基于战时风险源分析装备供应链可靠性的研究思路,用可靠度来度量供应链的可靠性,并提出用熵权TOPSIS法定量分析装备供应链的可靠性,最后用一个实例对分析方法进行了验证.     

基于流程的军事物流供应链运作模型研究

本文阐述了军事物流供应链运作模型研究的意义,总结当前军事物流供应链运作模型的两种基本类型：Y状军事物流供应链运作模型和X状军事物流供应链运作模型.通过对这两种基本模型的比较研究,提出基于流程的军事物流供应链标准运作模型.     

基于自组织理论的供应链运作风险研究

对供应链系统的自组织特性进行分析,设计了供应链系统运作模型框架。通过对系统间的协同分析,运用熵值理论和可靠性理论从系统的角度分析和度量供应链运作风险,并提出了供应链运作的风险规避方法。     

多样化军事行动下军事供应链可靠性分析

在分析了海外、边境及内地三种情况后,建立了直线型、树状及网状三种结构军事供应链,并通过Possion方程及冲击理论进行了相应的可靠性分析,为供应链可靠性的评价提供了科学依据。最后,计算了一个四级网状结构军事供应链的可靠性。     

An improved spanning tree approach for the reliability analysis of supply chain collaborative network

A higher degree of reliability in the collaborative network can increase the competitiveness and performance of an entire supply chain. As supply chain networks grow more complex, the consequences of unreliable behaviour become increasingly severe in terms of cost, effort and time. Moreover, it is computationally difficult to calculate the network reliability of a Non-deterministic Polynomial-time hard (NP-hard) all-terminal network using state enumeration, as this may require a huge number of iterations for topology optimisation. Therefore, this paper proposes an alternative approach of an improved spanning tree for reliability analysis to help effectively evaluate and analyse the reliability of collaborative networks in supply chains and reduce the comparative computational complexity of algorithms. Set theory is employed to evaluate and model the all-terminal reliability of the improved spanning tree algorithm and present a case study of a supply chain used in lamp production to illustrate the application of the proposed approach.     

How product representation influences the understanding of supply chain process models

ABSTRACT

Process models are increasingly being used to analyse business processes within supply chains. Although products are an essential part of supply chain semantics, product representation in supply chain process models is insufficient. This research proposes a novel product representation, namely, ‘labelled flows,’ which directly assigns product names to flows instead of implicitly representing products through other visual constructs. Using a laboratory experiment, we find that labelled flows improve domain understanding with respect to product comprehension and product modelling performance. Our contribution to modelling research is a novel product representation within supply chain process models, which enhances domain understanding.     

多品种小批量制造型企业供应链智能维护系统研究

通过分析多品种小批量制造型企业供应链的特点和主要问题,结合供应链智能维护系统的作用,提出了多品种小批量制造型企业供应链智能维护的框架体系结构。介绍了供应链智能维护系统的核心模块:信息采样融合与处理模块和供应链判断决策并形成供应链维护报告模块的主要功能及其所用的供应链运作参考模型(SCOR)和供应链判断决策可采用的方法。同时对系统实现的一些技术进行了探讨,并对供应链管理提出了一种新的思路。     

The role of control power allocation in service supply chains: Model analysis and empirical examination

In complex and competitive business environment, there have been many examples of supply chain members fighting for power. Therefore, researchers have begun focusing on the impact of control power allocation on the supply chain. This paper examines the allocation of power in different service supply chain relationships, analyzing the impact of service level on optimal control power allocation and comparing the differences between the optimal power distribution in service supply chains and that of manufacturing supply chains. We adopt a mathematical model building method to discuss this issue, verifying the theoretical perspectives through empirical studies of China's largest state-owned logistics company, the China Railway Company, and the private ownership enterprise, Tianjin SND Logistics Company. We also develop a conceptual model of the influence of control power on the performance of service supply chains, based on the modeling and case analysis. The conceptual model shows several results: the control power allocation determines the dominant structure of the supply chain; the service provider's wholesale pricing strategy and the service integrator's sales price strategy present different outcomes under various dominant structures of the supply chain, which will greatly affect the performance of the corresponding supply chain; and the relationship between the supply chain dominant structure and the price can be adjusted by the service level.     

Balancing priorities: Decision-making in sustainable supply chain management

The need for environmental protection and increasing demands for natural resources are forcing companies to reconsider their business models and restructure their supply chain operations. Scholars and proactive companies have begun to create more sustainable supply chains. What has not been fully addressed is how organizations deal with short-term pressures to remain economically viable while implementing these newly modeled supply chains. In this study, we use theory-building through case studies to answer the question: how do organizations balance short-term profitability and long-term environmental sustainability when making supply chain decisions under conditions of uncertainty? We present five sets of propositions that explain how exemplars in green supply chain management make decisions and balance short and long term objectives. We also identify four environmental postures that help explain the decisions organizations make when dealing with strategic trade-offs among the economic, environmental and social elements of the triple-bottom-line.     

Industrial clusters with substantial carbon-reduction potential

To successfully reduce environmental emissions, companies need to expand the scope of their emissions accounting to include entire supply chains. A clustering approach has been used to find emission-intensive industry clusters. However, this approach did not include entire direct and indirect supply chains when forming high emission industry clusters. We propose a new method based on a modified normalized cut function with Leontief’s input–output model and basic clustering algorithms to find industry clusters with high levels of embodied within-cluster emissions that are well separated in the supply chain network. We use this method to identify 58 carbon-intensive clusters of Japanese industries and visualize the within-cluster supply chains in terms of embodied carbon flows. We recommend that companies collaborate within clusters to reduce environmental emissions. Our results provide new insights on where to target emissions reduction actions and technology development within industrial supply chains.     

Improving agility and resilience of automotive spares supply chain: The additive manufacturing enabled truck model

The global supply chain disruption by the COVID-19 pandemic is difficult, if not impossible, to estimate as over 94% of the top 1000 fortune companies were badly affected. The need for building resilient supply chains to mitigate the effect of such disruptions is rising rapidly than ever before across the global business spectrum. Building resilience in the automotive spare parts (ASPs) supply chain is critically important as any disruption to automotive spares supply chain will affect the operations of the logistics sector, the backbone of global supply chains. This research work contributes to improving the resilience of the automotive spare parts supply chain by proposing a Viable Supply Chain (VSC) framework design that incorporates Additive Manufacturing (AM) enabled trucks in the automotive spares supply chain network. Based on the proposed model, conceptual case models are developed and tested with proposed AM enabled truck manufacturing closer to end customer. A heuristic approach called shortest time heuristic is also proposed to solve the routing and scheduling of an AM enabled truck to deliver customers’ orders of the spare parts through an online platform. Importantly, the study demonstrate how additive manufacturing can help the ASPs industry to switch from the existing practice of make-to-stock to a more efficient inventory management and cost saving make-to-order model while also achieving resilience and sustainability in by providing a source of spares support for discontinued models of vehicles.     

基于可持续发展的中小企业实施绿色供应链管理路径研究

当前的市场环境已发生很大变化,市场竞争已从企业间的竞争转化为集团联盟间、供应链间的竞争。处于弱势地位的中小企业如何在供应链的竞争中求得生存和发展是广大中小企业面临的重要课题。文中通过对传统供应链与绿色供应链两种结构模型进行比较分析,阐明了绿色供应链管理结构模式的先进性,并结合中小企业实际状况,从可持续发展角度提出了中小企业实施绿色供应链管理的动因及对策。