信息资产管理展望及其在金融业的应用

企业的信息资产,一部分是结构化数据,一部分是非结构化数据.本文所涉及的企业信息资产是指能为企业带来经济效益的信息资源.根据网上的统计,对于企业信息资产,电子文件、日常办公文件和业务单据占了80%左右的比例.对于这些文件,我们的日常管理是比较薄弱的,但是这些数据是具有可用价值的.     

银行信息资产的组织和利用

一、信息资产管理系统建设的背景 1.银行信息资产的现状 随着信息技术的进步和科技人员多年的努力,目前国内银行大都实现了数据集中.随着业务量的增长,日益膨胀的数据信息在支撑着银行信息化的同时,也给银行的信息系统资源带来了沉重的压力.对银行来说,这些数据不仅是业务发展的历史数据备份,而且是进行统计分析、获取数据背后更深层次经营信息的重要工具,是宝贵的信息资产.如何在这些繁杂的数据中选择有用的信息并加以增值利用,是摆在我们面前的重要课题.     

“大数据”下财务外包企业发展趋势研究

财务外包服务企业是金融服务外包企业的重要组成部分，当前我国财务外包公司发展仍然处于初级阶段，财务公司存在业务比较单一，人员规模较小，人员素质不高等制约因素。这些因素严重影响了我国财务外包公司的发展。本文认为，“大数据”是掌握数据的主体通过IT技术建立数据仓库，提供数据安全服务、挖掘数据潜在的商业利益信息，进行商业化的数据分析，从而获得自身的商业价值。     

数据挖掘技术在保险业中的应用分析

进入20世纪80年代后，计算机技术迅速发展，在保险行业中开始出现计算机业务系统。通过多年使用计算机业务系统，保险公司已积累了大量的历史数据，这些数据是公司最重要的财富。如何处理海量保单数据，以及如何更好地汇总、分析那些历史数据，进而从中获取有意义的信息，并从中挖掘出业务的内在规律，以达到提高效益、减低成本、防范风险的目的，是保险行业面临的亟待解决的数据应用问题。     

数据驱动方式下的数据源分析

众所周知,商业银行在完成数据大集中之后,核心业务数据全部集中到了数据中心主机上.这些集中后的数据为业务分析和管理决策奠定了基础.但是,在有些独立的银行管理信息系统中,数据依然分散,信息孤岛、数据冗余、数据缺乏可信性、蜘蛛网等问题依然普遍存在.面对集中后的大量核心业务数据及离散的管理信息系统数据,如何进行有效地整合和利用,使之支持业务分析和管理决策,是各家商业银行面临的一项重要课题.     

数据挖掘与个人业务风险管理

在经济和信息全球化加快发展的带动下，国有商业银行业的电子信息化建设取得了明显的成绩，已经建立了比较完善的业务处理信息系统。然而，大量的业务数据“沉睡”在银行的数据库中，尚未被“唤醒”，没有做到对这些数据进行有效的挖掘，分析。如果说这些数据充分、详尽地描述了业务现状，为     

整合银行分散数据集市的秘诀

随着时间的推移,在缺乏经营策略以及不知长期业务影响为何的情况下,数据集市一个个地增加着.如果把这些分散的数据集市整合到单一的信息架构中,银行不仅能够节省数百万美元的非必要成本,还可以增强对客户和业务的了解.     

征信混合链的构建及应用探析

征信机构从多种渠道整合企业金融信息和涉企政务信息,打通银企信息对接渠道,利用信用信息缓解小微企业融资难融资贵问题.从实际效果来看,通过数据要素的倍增效应,信用信息促进了金融资源配置效率的提升,但信息损耗、信息难以共享、征信产品缺少验证机制等多种因素制约了信用信息促融作用的发挥.为解决这些问题,可将区块链的私有链、公有链、联盟链3种技术应用在征信业务的不同环节,构建征信混合链,通过发挥各种区块链技术的优势,全面重构征信业务生态.在数据要素倍增效应的作用下,征信混合链使得征信信息不但能促进金融资源配置效率的提升,还为我国更广泛的经济领域发展提供有效的数据支撑.     

会计是信息还是数据?

现在,我们目睹会计专业正离开数据而进入到信息的趋向。数据和信息的区别对会计师意味着两点:首先,会计师必须开拓他们的思路,除了记录数据的历史职能外,他们还必须把这些数系转换为能用于改善决策和管理过程的信息。其次,会计师将通过利用增加的定量单位来扩充会计的范围。 一般讲,会计系统涉及两种管理信息:1.财务信息;2.从业务数据的处理过程中产生的信息。会计信息系统可以定义为:担负财务信息的编制和从业务数据中获得信息的组织行动的集合。目的在于:1.提供用于计划、控制近期和远期经营的内部报告;2.提出外部报告。     

论我国互联网征信业务发展

当前,我国互联网征信进入快速发展时期.互联网征信具有的全新征信服务理念及先进的数据处理模式极大地推进了征信的广泛应用,促进了我国征信市场的发展.但是,由于相关制度的不完善,互联网征信面临的业务风险及其发展局限也不容忽视.因此,应注重完善互联网征信领域相关法律制度,加强信息主体权益保护,建立相应的接口规范和信息共享机制,建立专业化数据公司,提高征信机构的核心竞争力,推动我国互联网征信业务健康发展.     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…     

银行管理信息平台建设发展的思考

一、目前国内银行IT发展现状及面临的问题 银行数据集中工作的完成,标志着银行的业务由电子化建设阶段转入信息化建设阶段.一方面银行数据的集中提供了丰富全面的基础数据,面对日益庞大的数据源,如何将数字转化为对银行有用的信息,并从中发现知识,为银行的经营决策提供支持,是摆在银行IT人员面前的一个亟待解决的问题.另一方面用户对银行信息的需求日益增长,如果银行没有一套完整、实用的信息管理系统,将对业务发展非常不利.南京爱立信公司倒戈花旗银行事件曾经轰动一时,其中一个重要原因就是中国本地银行不能满足爱立信全球总部对南京爱立信公司的要求:每周财务上报和每天贷款限额管理.这一事件为中国商业银行的未来发展敲响了警钟,如果不加快管理信息系统的开发,迅速提升业务管理水平,类似的事件还会接连不断地发生,并最终导致国内商业银行在同国外商业银行的竞争中全面溃败.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.