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1.
    
Inverse demand systems explain price variations as functions of quantity variations. This article presents a dynamic inverse almost ideal demand system (AIDS) model based on recent developments on cointegration techniques and error correction model. The case of fish landed at Greek seaports appears to suit this model well. The results indicate that the underlying distance function is homothetic whereas the own-quantity flexibilities suggest that the responses of price to own-quantity changes are inelastic. Finally, the results of cross-quantity uncompensated flexibilities suggest that the substitution possibilities among fish grades are rather limited. The Allais interaction intensities verified the substitutability among fish grades as well.  相似文献   

2.
The Demand for Food Quality in Rural China   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
Many studies of food demand do not use actual prices but unit values, obtained by dividing expenditures by the quantity consumed. This can bias empirical analyses because unit values are not exogenous market prices; they reflect household food quality choices within each food category. This article develops a framework for assessing the resulting bias in income and price elasticities of demand and applies the framework to data for rural China. Empirical results indicate that households in rural China tend to consume higher-quality food as income increases, with a greater sensitivity to income for basic foods than for luxury foods.  相似文献   

3.
    
We have employed an error-corrected almost ideal demand system (ECAIDS) for major crustaceans at a disaggregated level in the United States. The proposed model can provide short- and long-run price elasticities. This article makes an important empirical contribution by reporting a set of reliable, policy-relevant estimates of the elasticities of demand for crustaceans in the United States. The habit formation behavior was significant only for crayfish. The value pricing strategy and the promotional pricing strategy are expected to benefit the domestic shrimp industry. Increasing prices through various marketing strategies can benefit domestic producers of lobsters and crabs.  相似文献   

4.
中国主要木材产品的需求收入弹性测算与启示   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
木材产品是重要的林产品,是国家经济建设和人民生活主要的资料,在国民经济与社会发展中发挥积极作用。通过构建双对数模型,采用实证分析的方法,估算出20052012年间原木、锯材和人造板这三种木材林产品的平均需求收入弹性分别为0.301、1.100和1.338,总结出中国木材产品消费和国民经济增长的作用规律,并得到加速森林资源培育、继续优化产业结构和建立可持续贸易机制几点启示。  相似文献   

5.
柑橘较高的替代性和较长生产周期,致使柑橘价格波动较大,影响柑橘生产的稳定性。该文首先 依据供求弹性理论,采用那维拉模型,构建柑橘供给反应函数和需求反应函数;其次,以1998~2011年为 样本期,测度了柑橘长期供给弹性和需求弹性,厘清了影响柑橘供给和需求变动的主要因素。结果表明: 柑橘当期种植面积、当期单产水平对柑橘供给有显著正向影响,滞后两期价格和滞后一期产量有较显著负 向影响;滞后两期产量对当期柑橘需求正向影响显著,当期加工能力和柑橘滞后两期价格具有正向影响。 研究结论:柑橘长期供给弹性(0.9)大于其需求弹性(0.14)、柑橘出口和企业加工总量以及5年的生产 周期是影响中国柑橘生产波动的主要因素;中国柑橘市场形似发散型蛛网,价格波动导致生产不稳定趋势 加剧。因此,为维持柑橘生产的稳定性,需要适度控制种植规模,调整品种结构,扩大柑橘出口规模,提 高柑橘产品的精加工和深加工的能力。  相似文献   

6.
A time-varying coefficient demand system, the Markov switchingalmost ideal demand model, is proposed to shed new light onchange over time in the structure of French meat and fish demand.The main feature of this model is that the switching mechanismfrom one structure of demand to the other is controlled by anunobserved variable that follows a Markov chain. Our model accuratelycaptures the two Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) crisesof recent years. We estimate that the 1996 BSE crisis lastedalmost three years, whereas the second BSE crisis for just lastedfive 4-week periods.  相似文献   

7.
关于调控商品住宅价格着力点的研判   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
研究目的:研判中国商品住宅价格水平及其驱动力,提出下一步调控价格方向的政策建议。研究方法:提出研判商品住宅价格标准,以北京为例,借助房价收入比、控制购房还贷比的方法,研判商品住宅的价格水平及其主要驱动力,进而提出相应的调控着力点。研究结果:(1)北京商品住宅价格高于60%以上的居民户均住房消费水平;(2)商品住宅价格高位运行的驱动力主要来自房地产开发企业高额利润驱动、土地成本上升和投资(机)性需求增长。研究结论:中国商品住宅价格调控的下一步重点应当是稳定甚至降低土地成本、强化监控房地产开发企业的成本核算和利润所得、提高抑制投机性需求的针对性。  相似文献   

8.
    
This study investigates the demand for 10 disaggregated meat products by U.S. households. A censored demand system which imposes budget constraints in both observed and latent shares is estimated along with a detailed explanation of the estimation procedure. Additional details about the methodology not provided in previous studies should help researchers to empirically apply the model. An innovation of the study is to introduce the censored demand system model for studying the variety of a household's food purchases. Most households buy between seven and eight different products and hardly change the variety of their purchases with changes in meat expenditure.  相似文献   

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