土地政策与房地产业发展

土地政策具有典型的路径依赖特征。没有正确处理好政府与市场之间的关系,是中央政府、地方政府与市场博弈的结果,从而导致了不良的市场绩效。因此,为了促进房地产业的发展,必须取消土地出让双轨制,正确界定政府的角色。     

How Chinese firms learn technology from transnational corporations: A comparison of the telecommunication and automobile industries

China has been utilizing foreign direct investment (FDI) based on the strategy of “trading market access for technology” since 1978. However, there are differences in opinion regarding the performance of China's strategy. This paper examines the growth of technological capability of Chinese indigenous firms under a revised model of technological learning and catch-up based on research by Kim (1997) and Lee and Lim (2001). The paper investigates the process of industrial growth in China by developing the two cases of the telecommunication equipment industry and the automobile industry, and analyzes the aforementioned strategy from the viewpoint of technological learning and industrial catch-up. This study finds that knowledge was gained by leveraging China's huge market to “trade market access for technology”, and that indigenous firms must enhance the intensity of their efforts to assimilate acquired technologies so as to improve their technological capabilities. Through comparison of the two industries, we find that industrial policy regulating private firms’ market access directly affects the performance of the industrial catch-up.     

在运动中创造并保持竞争优势

随着中国资本市场的开放和中国加入WTO,大资本越来越多进入,其主导中国市场的作用越来越大(相比之下,中国几乎所有企业都是中小企业),我国企业面临巨大的竞争压力,原有竞争战略已不再适应。加之我国企业管理水平相对较低,因而大多数企业面临严峻的考验。为实现党和政府提出的“走出去战略“,必须转变经营方式,构建动态战略,以适应不断变化的环境。     

外资研发嵌入是苦口良药还是糖衣炮弹？——中国市场创新绩效提升视角

基于1998~2014年27个省市（以下简称省）面板数据,利用主成分分析法构建了外资研发嵌入指数测算体系,测度了我国各省外资研发嵌入指数,利用非参数DEA-Malmquist方法测算我国省域市场创新绩效。通过DOLS模型和2SLS模型考察了全国及东、中、西部外资研发嵌入程度对市场创新绩效的影响,并通过省域可比TFP,进一步研究了上述影响的稳健性。研究表明：（1）全国范围而言,无论从短期还是长期来看,外资研发嵌入对我国市场创新绩效提升存在显著的正向作用;（2）东部地区和西部地区而言,无论从短期还是长期来看,外资研发嵌入都对市场创新绩效产生显著正向影响;（3）中部地区情况不容乐观,短期来看,提升外资研发嵌入对市场创新绩效的刺激作用缺乏稳健性,只有从长期来看,外资研发嵌入对市场创新绩效存在显著的正向影响。     

Spatial Equilibrium of Wheat Markets in Ethiopia

Abstract: Knowledge about the extent to which spatial markets are integrated is useful to assess the impact of liberalization policies on the performance of agricultural markets in the developing countries. In turn, this would help to guide subsequent interventions aimed at improving the performance of markets. Cointegration techniques provide an analytical framework to know whether markets are integrated, by making it possible to investigate the existence and magnitude of price transmission between spatial markets. This study tries to analyze the spatial equilibrium of wheat markets in Ethiopia by employing an autoregressive distributed‐lag modeling approach to cointegration analysis on wheat prices observed during the post‐liberalization period for the central wholesale market (Addis Ababa) and for a local market (Ambo). The major finding of a stable equilibrium relationship between the price series considered provides evidence of market integration. Since intervention in local markets is generally costly and less effective, the result suggests the possibility of targeting intervention at the central wholesale market level with the objective of influencing price dynamics in the local markets.     

论我国经济社会发展中需要关注的几个问题

目前,我国经济社会发展中需要关注的几个问题是：正确划分市场机制发挥作用的领域,教育、医疗卫生、住房等领域不能进行完全的市场化改革。在统筹城乡发展、实现城乡经济社会一体化的过程中,各地区要因时因地制宜,采取切实可行的措施。加强社会主义精神文明建设要从最基本的道德要求做起。     

MULAN in the name: Causes and consequences of gendered Chinese names

Drawing on data from the 2005 China mini-census, this study aims to measure the genderedness of Chinese names and explore the determinants of gendered names and their impacts on labor market performance. The Gendered Name Index we constructed shows that male and female names have been converging over the past century, mainly attributed to the defeminization of female names. A regression analysis reveals that the gender characteristics of Chinese names are highly correlated with parental characteristics, the strength of kinship networks, and local socioeconomic conditions. Additionally, the genderedness of a name has mild but statistically significant effects on labor market performance. Notably, a masculine name will increase men's earnings, while a feminine name will prevent women from entering the labor market and reduce their earnings. These findings support both gender identity and gender discrimination mechanisms.     

市场竞争、产业集中与产业绩效研究

市场竞争促进了产业集中和绩效的同步改善。我国市场经济体制建设和已经发挥的作用表明，对于我国很多控制严格、具有垄断性质的行业，改善绩效的主要方法不应当是通过行政手段提高集中程度，而应是加快这些行业的市场化改革和产权改革。市场条件下的产业集中是产业绩效改善的前提条件，而我国产业集中面临着来自地方政府追求自身利益最大化的阻碍。加快市场经济体制的建设仍是我国经济建设的主要任务。     

中国外资银行服务贸易自由化的经济影响研究——基于可计算一般均衡SIC-GE模型的定量分析

本文利用2005～2009年以来我国逐渐取消外资银行进入壁垒的实际数据,通过设立银行业收益和成本方程发现并估算出消除壁垒带来的两方面行业直接效应,即外资银行服务价格水平下降1.9%和国内银行业经济效率改进1.8%。在此基础上利用国家信息中心可计算一般均衡模型(SIC-GE)就壁垒消除对整个经济体的影响进行了系统评估。测算结果表明,两个直接效应中,改进国内银行业经济效率的经济影响是主要的;从宏观层面上看,短期内能够带来就业和GDP相对基准情景增长,同时居民消费、投资和出口有所增长。进口随着国内需求的扩张略有增长,净出口明显扩大。总体上,研究结果表明,2005年以来我国逐渐取消外资银行贸易壁垒是一项较为有效的政策举措,具有较好的示范作用。     

SCP视角下我国农业产业组织效率及优化路径

文章从哈佛学派创立的SCP（Structure-Conduct-Performance）析框架入手,考察我国农业的市场结构一市场行为一市场绩效,说明当前我国农业产业组织处于低效率状态,进而提出可以通过进一步完善土地流转制度以及加强对农村专业合作经济组织的引导和扶持等措施来优化农业经济绩效。     

政府转型模式与转型绩效：中国经验

改革开放以来，中国政府转型采取了一种滞后于经济转型的渐进转型模式，取得了巨大的成功。通过分析转型经济政府的角色与作用，解释中国政府滞后于经济转型的渐进转型模式，有效减少地方政府“被俘获”和“竞租”风险、联结不完全计划和不完全市场、推进制度创新，从而提升转型绩效。中国经验对转型经济具有借鉴意义。     

Chinese RMB exchange rate and local currency price stability in ASEAN trade

The article uses trade data between China and ASEAN countries to test hypotheses related to pricing to market (PTM) and consequent local currency price stability (LCPS). The degree of price discrimination associated with real RMB exchange rate changes between China and ASEAN + 2 shows evidence of local currency price stability in some industries in which exporters may be less competitive. China's trade policy may have also played a role in the local currency price stability. The article finds no evidence that RMB appreciation creates a larger impact on price adjustment than RMB depreciation.     

中国企业创新探索与未来展望：基于本土情景的视角

建党一百年来,中国经济从积贫积弱发展到GD P总量跃居世界第二位,经济发展对中国企业创新的构成带来巨大影响和改变.这期间,中国企业创新始终围绕本土情景一根主线展开创新探索,不断叠加和创新前进,并与经济发展交织互动.把建党一百年分为3个大的阶段,即新中国成立前28年,新中国成立后30年和改革开放42年,围绕不同阶段的企业创新进行具体分析.并重点对改革开放40多年来进行了4期(启动期、成长期、成熟期和转型期)简单回顾、企业创新和本土情景下思考等分析.在此基础上,提出基于本土情景视角中国企业创新有五大特征,分别是创新韧性和适应性、兼顾本土情景和全球视野、叠加创新与棘轮效应、"市场-政府"和谐共生的创新文化和渐进的创新步骤,并进一步对未来创新提出展望,认为在建设现代化中国企业创新体系的过程中,未来需要继续发挥政府和市场双驱动作用,以及基于中国本土情景下的制度优势和市场优势,寻求未来中国企业创新的转型与新的突破.     

Inter-regional difference of agricultural productivity in China: Distinction between biochemical and machinery technology

The major objective of this article is to measure the inter-regional difference in agricultural productivity of China, and then to test empirically whether or not some relevant hypotheses with respect to agricultural technology are valid. The analysis shows that biochemical (BC) technological changes account for a significant part of China's agricultural production growth. This result is consistent with the fact that China's factor endowments are characterized by abundant farm labor relative to scarce arable land. Besides, in accordance with the standard theory of market failure, the benefits accruing to BC technological development are not privately appropriable. Thus, it can be hypothesized that the inter-regional difference in BC technological attainment must be closely associated with public spending in agricultural R&E activities at a local level. The random effects model reveals that the BC technological level is high in provinces where the public sectors are seriously committed to R&E activities. In addition, the analysis lends strong support to the validity of the induced innovation hypothesis with respect to M technological progress.     

区域市场的行政整合与经济增长

随着城市化进程的推进,行政区划调整逐渐成为区域经济整合的一种重要方式。现有文献多从财政分权和官员晋升竞争等角度解释我国区域发展,较少分析行政整合对地区发展的作用和影响。本文以2003年广东佛山"撤市建区"行政区划调整作为案例,采用合成控制法进行了实证分析,评估了行政整合对地区发展的重要影响。本文的发现表明地区内部行政区划调整能够实现市场整合,优化内部资源配置,加快地方经济增长。这为我国地级层面近年出现的"撤市建区"行政区划调整现象提供了一个经济学上的解释。     

石油期货:中国石油安全的“双刃剑”

石油期货在对石油安全发挥着保障供应和降低石油价格风险等保障作用的同时,也会给投资者带来不可避免的风险。我们可以从打破石油市场的垄断、大力发展资本市场和金融市场、逐步丰富交易品种,建立成熟石油市场,实现石油定价市场化等方面着手建立适合中国国情的石油期货市场,以期发挥其保障作用、消除其负面影响。     

以地谋发展模式的风险与改革

土地在中国上一轮经济发展中扮演了独特且举足轻重的角色。这一时期土地制度不仅是实现经济高增长的秘密之一,同时也为中国经济的可持续发展埋下了巨大隐患。权利二元、政府垄断、非市场配置和管经合一的土地管理体制,为地方政府经营土地财政创造了条件,但也带来了日益增加的经济与社会风险。未来中国要实现可持续发展,必须改革以地谋发展模式,包括推动以产权为基础的市场配置方式改革,完成土地财政转型,完善与现代社会相适应的财产税制度,建立公平、共享的增值收益分配制度,建立服务现代社会管理的统一登记制度等五个方面。     

Assessment of Local Public Finance Performance in China When Undesirable Fiscal Phenomena are Taken into Account

Making use of the data envelopment analysis (DEA) technique and taking undesirable fiscal phenomena into account, this paper comprehensively quantifies the public finance performance of local governments in China during the course of fiscal decentralization reform. The introduction of undesirable fiscal outcomes into this assessment makes it possible to identify meaningful and informative characteristics of local public finance performance in China. When reforms are first implemented, local public financial performance improves because undesirable fiscal phenomena have not yet become too serious. The tax sharing system reform did not work well in its early stages, and negatively impacted public expenditure efficiency. The reform started to play a substantial role between 2001 and 2005, when local governments experienced better public finance performance. Corresponding to the deterioration of the financial sector in recent years, local public financial performance worsened after 2007. Further reform of the current fiscal and taxation system is necessary in China, to ensure a brighter future for the nation.     

浅议民营企业人力资源管理

21世纪的核心是企业,企业的核心是人。企业间的竞争归根结底是人的竞争。中国加入WTO以后,对民营企业冲击最大的不是市场,不是产品,而是对人力资源体制的冲击。在这样的环境下,中国的民营企业要立于不败之地并大步地前进,就必须重视人力资源管理,正视自身人力资源管理的问题和误区,采取切实有效的解决办法,真正贯彻人本理念。本文通过分析我国民营企业人力资源管理的现状及普遍存在的典型问题,提出了优化民营企业人力资源管理的可操作性对策建议。     

西部地区工业市场绩效实证分析

市场绩效是产业组织理论研究的重要内容。文章从资源配置效率、企业经济效益和技术进步状况三个方面对西部部分主要行业的市场绩效进行了实证分析,得出西部地区各工业行业市场绩效普遍较差的结论。