助催化剂技术在烟气排放控制中的应用进展

介绍了国内外制定的工业废气排放控制标准以及催化裂化装置烟气排放控制助催化剂技术进展,讨论了目前已经实现工业化的几种催化裂化装置烟气处理方法的特点,指出助催化剂法具有较好的催化裂化装置烟气脱硫、脱氮效果,是我国现阶段最实用的催化裂化装置烟气控制技术,应用前景良好.     

烟气干法脱硫脱氮新工艺诞生

经过5年多的科技攻关,中石化集团公司科研课题催化裂化烟气脱硫脱氮技术工业侧线试验(干法脱硫脱氮试验)日前完成攻关任务,通过中国石化科技部组织的由曹湘洪院士担任评议委员会主任的技术评议。该试验装置通过催化剂直接脱除烟气中的硫化物和氮氧化物。相对于传统的湿法脱硫脱氮技术,干法脱硫脱氮新技术不仅环保效果好,并且整个工艺路线     

MIP催化裂化装置烟气脱硫脱氮技术的应用

介绍了某340万吨/年重油催化裂化装置的再生烟气处理系统,该系统采用美国Belco公司的EDV湿法洗涤脱硫技术和低温氧化脱氮技术,自建成投用以后长周期运行效果良好,排放烟气中二氧化硫、氮氧化物和粉尘浓度均低于国家排放标准,取得了良好的环保效益。     

探究炼油厂催化裂化装置烟气污染物的治理与建议

炼油厂催化裂化装置的烟气中通常有较多的氮硫化合物和可吸入颗粒物(PM10).近几年来,随着炼油厂高硫原油及重质原油的增多,催化裂化装置的烟气中氮硫化合物也在逐渐增加,这已经无法满足环境保护法律对于企业的要求.采取必要方法减少烟气污染物的排放势在必行.本文从催化裂化装置烟气污染物排放以及治理现状出发,对烟气污染物治理过程中的脱硫技术进行了详细的阐述,并最终给出了相关建议,这对于我国的炼油厂来说意义重大.     

非金属材料在炼厂烟气脱硫装置的应用

随着钠碱法脱硫工艺在炼厂催化裂化CO烟气脱硫脱销装置的广泛应用,在实际运行过程中出现的较多的腐蚀问题,如吸收塔腐蚀穿孔、烟囱腐蚀减薄、阀门管道磨蚀,等等,影响装置的长周期运行。分析钠碱法脱硫工艺中的腐蚀因素,有针对性的对吸收塔、烟囱、阀门、管线的选材进行研究,提出非金属材料在钠法脱硫装置应用,以期解决钠碱法脱硫装置长周期运行问题。     

大港石化开发烟气脱硫工业化技术

大港石化公司召开了催化裂化装置烟气硫转移剂项目模拟实验技术交流会,就项目工业化应用将对装置操作、烟气脱硫效果、重油转化率、产品质量影响进行了探讨。     

重油催化裂化烟气脱硫技术研究

重油在催化裂化过程中产生大量的污染物,严重影响了自然生态环境。中国环保部门提倡以烟气脱硫的方式处理重油催化裂化形成的污染,以此减少硫氧化物的排放,保护自然生态环境。文章探讨了烟气脱硫技术如何应用于重油的催化裂化过程,其中包括干法烟气脱硫技术、半干法烟气脱硫技术以及湿法烟气脱硫技术三种。     

提高炼厂经济效益的渣油轻质化组合工艺

阐述在原油质量日益变差的新形势下利用炼厂现有装置进行优化组合,可为催化裂化及乙烯裂解装置提供优质原料,提高炼厂经济效益。介绍几种以重油催化裂化为主体,将催化裂化与延迟焦化、溶剂脱沥青、减粘裂化等工艺优化组合,使重质原油及渣油轻质比,如催化裂化 延迟焦比组合工艺、催化—溶剂脱沥青组合工艺、热转化—溶剂脱沥青组合工艺、焦化—溶剂抽提—催化裂化组合工艺、由渣油制取乙烯原料的组合工艺等。     

论催化再生烟气脱硫系统浆液结块的解决方法

中国石油天然气股份有限公司锦西石化分公司催化裂化装置自2013年投用后能将将烟气中的SO2浓度降低到规定要求,但是运行11个月之后,发现烟气脱硫洗涤塔塔底浆液出现大量结块现象,堵塞浆液循环泵,对烟气脱硫长周期运行照成影响.     

西北某石化公司1.6Mt/a催化裂化装置余热锅炉设计

针对西北某石化公司1.6Mt/a催化裂化装置尾部烟气污染物排放超标,给环境带来严重的危害,余热锅炉排烟温度240℃,高温烟气的排放导致装置能耗偏高,影响装置经济效益,同时影响尾部布置脱硫工程。随着国家环保要求进一步提高,2014年该厂为节能减排及烟气排放达标,新增烟气脱硫、脱硝装置。由于脱硝工艺要求进脱硝反应器的烟气温度在300～400℃范围内,布置脱硝装置需要较大空间,而现锅炉周边无足够的场地,故设计新的余热锅炉以布置脱硝装置,同时降低排烟温度。新设计时对余热锅炉受热面进行模块式设计,将再生高温烟气全部经过余热锅炉回收,排烟温度降到160℃以下,提高装置效率。同时满足脱硝装置的布置,降低NOx的排放。     

Divergent patterns of engagement in Internet standardization: Japan,Korea and China

This article analyzes the engagement of Japanese, Korean and Chinese participants in the development of Internet standards at IETF on the basis of four quantitative metrics: attendance, patenting, authorship and leadership. The results are strikingly divergent. Japanese involvement in Internet standardization began early and Japan was, for many years, second only to the U.S. in terms of IETF participation. Though Japanese participation has declined since the early 2000s, Japan remains a major contributor to IETF standardization. Korean involvement in IETF has always been significant, but below the levels of Japan and major European countries. Korean participation in IETF has also declined over the past decade, and has been dominated by one firm, Samsung. Though meaningful Chinese involvement in IETF did not begin until the mid-2000s, it has rapidly expanded in recent years. Today, China is a major player in numerous areas of Internet standardization in terms of three metrics (participation, patenting and leadership), and is rapidly gaining in terms of document authorship as well. Most of China׳s recent IETF involvement can be attributed to Huawei, though other Chinese firms have recently begun to increase their participation in the organization. Thus, contrary to some views that China׳s engagement with standardization is primarily one of indigenous innovation and “catching up”, China׳s experience with IETF demonstrates deliberate and effective engagement with a major Western standards-development organization on its own terms.     

Whose Image is it Anyway?: Some Considerations of the Curricular Importance of Subject Image in Secondary School Design and Technology Education

This paper explores the idea that a sense of school subject image is a necessary feature of curriculum management and a potent force for change. The discussion centres on the view that all school subjects have an image and that if those intimately involved with the subject do not control the image then someone else does! In such circumstances the image is the product of past encounters and old euphemisms and is unlikely to hold the changed realities.The UK developments in Design and Technology education (the term Design and Technology is used to denote the school subject defined under this heading by the UK National Curriculum, 1995) have created something of an image problem which has interesting international parallels. Some of these problems are due to clearly discernible internal tensions and an ambiguous relationship with other subject areas.Through greater attention to subject image internal controversies might be acknowledged and resolved, relationships with other subject areas can be more meaningfully understood and practitioners can be helped to make sense of curriculum change.     

快速成形技术的应用及热点分析

基于快速成形技术的原理,展示了快速成形技术在快速模具制造、金属零件直接成形、反求工程等领域的广泛应用,总结了快速成形制造技术研究的热点,即研发新材料和新设备、提高成形精度、建立RPM的反求工程系统、建立成形技术的统一标准和扩大成形技术的应用领域。     

增强Linux系统安全性的措施

L inux系统的安全取决于系统管理员如何来管理它。本文探讨了一系列可以增强安全性的技巧与策略 ,包括 :系统安装原则、BIOS安全、口令安全策略、设计帐户自动注销功能、文件系统和日志安全策略、使用 SSH及 TCP-WRAPPERS,隐藏系统信息、删除所有特殊帐户、关闭控制台程序、限制系统中的 SUID/ SGID程序等。本文最后向 L inux系统管理员提出了一些安全管理方面的建议     

HSE走进中国石油

企业管理水平的好坏直接影响着企业的经济效益,运用HSE管理能提高企业管理水平,HSE管理模式将健康,安全,环境三者视为一个有机的整体。HSE管理认为人的安全是第一位的,人是创造财富的原动力,是企业的最大财产,HSE管理体系强调的是“蝴蝶效应”。     

CIS与现代企业管理美学

概括性介绍了 ＣＩＳ（Ｃｏｒｐｏｒａｔｅ Ｉｄｅｎｔｉｔｙ Ｓｙｓｔｅｍ）的三大基本组成，并阐述了它与现代企业管理密不可分的相互联系及所处的举足轻重的地位，指出导入ＣＩＳ是现代企业谋求发展的重要手段。     

Material power and normative conflict in global and local agrifood governance: The lessons of ‘Golden Rice’ in India

This special section aims to investigate the interaction of global and local forces in shaping agrifood governance. It starts from the recognition that a multitude of actors and norms shape today’s agrifood system. The resulting opaqueness of the systems makes it extremely difficult to understand and explain processes and outcomes of agrifood governance. Given the sustainability challenges facing the agrifood system, improvements in our understanding of what the interaction of global and local actors and norms means on the ground are urgently needed, however. The section, therefore, analyses agrifood governance in India across a selected group of cases. It does so by employing a systematic framework emphasizing the material and ideational dimensions of power and their interaction. The section has chosen India as the setting in which to analyze this interaction due to the crucial role the food demand and supply of this rising power plays in today’s agrifood system. This article provides the special sections’ analytical framework, which uses the interplay of material and ideational dimensions of power as a focal lens. In addition, the article applies this framework to an empirical study of the political conflict around GMO foods in India, specifically the case of ‘Golden Rice’.     

蒸汽热量计量应用的探析

研究了石油化工企业的燕汽计量情况,着重对蒸汽热量计量的合理性进行了分析,阐述了蒸汽热量计量的依据及计算方法,以及蒸气热量计量对节能降耗的重要意义.     

论传统旗袍文化与现代时装

中国的旗袍文化蕴含着非常丰富的文化内涵和设计思想,如今旗袍的普及受到一定的限制,只有经过改良,才可变局限性为可行性,才可使旗袍焕发青春,走向新时代。     

望峰岗矿井贯通测量技术分析

在深部开采矿井两井间贯通测量时,利用加测陀螺定向边和用四架法代替传统的三架法测量,分析了由起始边的方位角误差引起的支导线终点误差及由测角量边引起的导线终点的点位误差.