SCO UNIX系统的安全管理

金融业务系统大部分以SCO UNIX操作系统为平台,以TCP／IP为网络平台。SCO UNIX作为一个成熟的操作系统,其自身内建了丰富的网络功能,具有良好的稳定性和安全性。虽然SCO UNIX安全性能已达到美国国防部的C2级安全标准,是     

SCO UNIX网络安全管理

金融系统的业务系统大部分以 UNIX 或 XENIX 操作系统为平台,以 TCP/IP 为网络平台。虽然 UNIX 安全性能已达到美国国防部的 C_2级安全标准,是一个相对安全、严密的系统,但也并非无懈可击。电脑黑客入侵金融、证券网络系统的新闻再次敲响金融网     

UNIX系统感染DOS系统病毒的两种解决办法

近几年来,随着新一代银行业务系统的开发,基于UNIX系统环境的应用系统在我国金融界得到了广泛的使用。虽然UNIX很少感染病毒,但在银行业应用的业务应用系统,还要支持很多其他业务功能(如代发工资等),需要将办公系统DOS平台下制作的软盘数据输入UNIX应用系统中进行处理。如果该软盘感染有病毒,操作人员又没有及时将软盘取出,在UNIX系统重新启动时就可能导致系统无法启动。如我行各网点安装了SCOOpenServerRelease5.0.5的联想万全T1001000服务器上的现象是:VerifyingDMIPoolData......BootfromATAPICD-ROM:之后进入死机状态…     

开放式系统金融分支机构自动化平台综述

OFP AutoBranch是集多年金融系统应用经验,汲取大量国外金融平台产品的优秀设计思想,充分结合国内的实际应用背景,基于SCO UNIX/PCU-NIX开放系统,以产品化方式向金融用户提供的面向多种主机环境的金融分支机构自动化系统开发平台。     

UNIX环境下应用系统软件包的制作与应用

一、引言 随着计算机技术的发展,公众对商业银行的服务品种和服务手段不断提出新的要求,促使商业银行开发出更新、更好的应用系统以满足这种需求.商业银行的应用系统在按照软件工程的要求开发完工之后,需要制作成应用系统软件包,安装在前台主机上供业务人员使用.UNIX系统是建设银行的主流操作系统,基于UNIX系统制作软件包的方法有多种,如tar格式、cpio格式和pkg格式等,其中pkg格式最为有效、实用.下面介绍pkg格式的应用系统软件包的制作方法,供大家参考.     

核心参数灵运行效果活--兼论基于UNIX的优化策略

在UNIX操作系统中，对系统性能实施有效的监控和管理是系统管理员的重要职责，如何优化系统性能以保持较高的运行效率始终是系统管理员需要关注和考虑的问题。一般来说，影响UNIX系统性能的主要因素有三个方面，即系统硬件、文件系统与核心参数。本文主要介绍在SCO UNIX操作系统平台上核心参数的调整时机、配置方法及分类，并重点讨论通过核心参数调整以实现系统性能优化的若干方法和策略。     

UNIX系统中字符、字符串、行、文本文件的处理

在计算机中,信息的最小单位是位(bit),在U-NIX SHELL中,没有处理位的功能,要处理位,一般要用UNIX中的C程序.在UNIX SHELL中处理信息的基本单位是文本文件,最小元素是字符.在UNIX系统中,文本文件具有非常重要的地位,命令的输入、输出往往是文本文件的形式,命令执行的结果是文本文件,通过UNIX中的重定向,作为另一命令的输入,构成了UNIX非常灵活的命令组合.另一方面,UNIX系统中重要的数据库多是以文本文件形式存储,就连UNIX SHELL本身也是文本文件.因此,掌握UNIX系统中字符、字符串、行、文本文件的处理,对深入掌握UNIX具有十分重要的意义.     

金融领域UNIX网络系统的安全管理策略

1.UNIX系统的基本安全机制(1)用户帐号用户帐号就是用户在UNIX系统上的合法身份标志，其最简单的形式是用户名/口令。在UNIX系统内部，与用户名/口令有关的信息存储在/etc/passwd文件中，一旦当非法用户获得passwd文件时，虽然口令是被加密的密文，但如果口令的安全强度不高，非法用户即可采用“字典攻击”的方法枚举到用户口令，特别是当网络系统有某一入口时，获取passwd文件就非常容易。(2)文件系统权限UNIX文件系统的安全主要是通过设置文件的权限来实现的。每一个UNIX文件和目录都有18种不同的权限，这些权限大体可分为3类，即…     

在 UNIX环境下如何添加打印机

目前，UNIX在银行业中应用越来起广泛，特别是一些重要的业务应用系统，都使用UNIX环境，如人民银行的电子联行系统、会计集中核算系统等。那么在UNIX系统中打印机是如何安装和使用的？这里介绍会计集中核算系统打印机的安装和一些命令的使用。     

UNIX操作系统用户口令管理初探

目前,银行许多业务系统使用SCO UNIX操作系统,它是一个开放式的操作平台,存在许多不安全因素,如口令管理问题就是其中比较突出的问题。这些隐患和漏洞会使一些熟悉操作系统和应用系统结构的不法分子乘虚而入,导致银行数据信息遭到破坏、泄密和运行事故的发生,给银行造成损失。笔者通过工作实际,总结出如何加强密码口令管理的一些方法。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…     

银行管理信息平台建设发展的思考

一、目前国内银行IT发展现状及面临的问题 银行数据集中工作的完成,标志着银行的业务由电子化建设阶段转入信息化建设阶段.一方面银行数据的集中提供了丰富全面的基础数据,面对日益庞大的数据源,如何将数字转化为对银行有用的信息,并从中发现知识,为银行的经营决策提供支持,是摆在银行IT人员面前的一个亟待解决的问题.另一方面用户对银行信息的需求日益增长,如果银行没有一套完整、实用的信息管理系统,将对业务发展非常不利.南京爱立信公司倒戈花旗银行事件曾经轰动一时,其中一个重要原因就是中国本地银行不能满足爱立信全球总部对南京爱立信公司的要求:每周财务上报和每天贷款限额管理.这一事件为中国商业银行的未来发展敲响了警钟,如果不加快管理信息系统的开发,迅速提升业务管理水平,类似的事件还会接连不断地发生,并最终导致国内商业银行在同国外商业银行的竞争中全面溃败.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.