试论我国内外资企业所得税的改革

随着我国社会主义市场经济的发展和现代企业制度的建立，特别是我国已经是WTO的成员国，内外资企业所得税的差异造成财政收入的流失，税收优惠效率低下，加剧了国内产业结构的失衡，给我国经济的健康发展带来许多负面影响。可以通过统一纳税人、统一税基和税率、统一税收优惠形式，来统一内外资企业所得税。     

关于内外资企业所得税改革的设想

我国分别于1991年、1994年统一了内外资企业所得税,并针对当时的国情,制定了一系列优惠政策。这些政策对外商来华投资,特别是到沿海地区投资起到了一定作用。可随着我国经济的不断发展,现行的内外资企业所得税政策已不能完全适应当前的形势要求,特别是在中国加入WTO后,随着我国市场进一步开放,关税和各种非关税准入政策将大大放宽,内资企业在所得税方面与外资企业无法公平竞争。因此,进一步改革和完善我国现行的内外资企业所得税制就迫不及待。     

政策要揽

谢旭人:依立法程序加快统一内外资企业所得税3月9日,国家税务总局局长谢旭人表示,对统一内外资企业所得税制度,今年税务部门已经会同其他部门进一步深化研究,同时将根据立法程序加快推进这项改革的进程。谢旭人说,对企业所得税制度的改革,主要设想大体是合并内资企业和外资企业     

政策要揽

谢旭人:依立法程序加快统一内外资企业所得税3月9日,国家税务总局局长谢旭人表示,对统一内外资企业所得税制度,今年税务部门已经会同其他部门进一步深化研究,同时将根据立法程序加快推进这项改革的进程。谢旭人说,对企业所得税制度的改革,主要设想大体是合并内资企业和外资企业     

论我国企业所得税纳税主体的范围界定

随着我国社会主义市场经济的建立和完善，内外资企业所得税制统一已是势在必行，改革、统一内外资企业所得税制的关键和难点之一，是纳税人如何确定的问题。我国内资企业确定纳税人的标准难以适应目前的形势，应当以法人为标准界定企业所得税的纳税人。     

析“两税合并”对财政经济发展的影响

在已经启动的新一轮税制改革中,推动内外资企业所得税“两税合并”成为改革的重头戏。“两税合并”就是要对内外资企业实行统一的企业所得税制度,执行统一的税率,并全面清理规范税收优惠政策,不再按照内外资企业的身份,而是按照国家产业政策和技术政策的导向给企业以税收优惠。此项改革,对财政经济发展有哪些影响呢?本文运用福建省的资料,作些实证分析,并提出对策建议。     

财税资讯

2004年我国税收收入和增收额双双实现历史性突破，第四轮财税改革预谋发动，统一内外资企业所得税税率迫在眉睫，燃油税方案仍将择机出台，……     

国内财经

内外资企业所得税合并时机已成熟 财政部副部长楼继伟1月16日表示,内外资企业所得税合并目前时机已经成熟,主要方向仍是简税制、宽税基、低税率。楼继伟说,在内外资企业所得税问题上,下一步动作首先就是取消、简化各种所得税方面的优惠,从而扩大税基,在此基础上按照产业和地区来给予优惠。     

内外资企业所得税分设存在的主要问题及改革选择

近年来,统一内外资企业所得税的呼声越来越高,这一问题解决得好坏关系到内资企业的生存与发展。我国现行内外资企业所得税分设的税制模式是在特定的历史条件下形成的,经过10多年的运行,曾经促进了我国经济的快速发展。但是这种企业所得税制度也有其不足,尤其是我国加入世界贸易组织后,随着经济环境的变化,这种税制暴露的问题日益突出。因此,必须对我国现行的企业所得税制度进行改革,以适应经济的发展。     

统一内外资企业所得税法应注意解决的几个重点问题

统一内外资企业所得税税法的基本立足点 改革开放以来,为了适应经济体制改革和对外开放的需要,我国现行企业所得税是分别按企业的内外性质立法的.然而,随着我国社会主义市场经济体制的建立和逐步完善,特别是随着对外开放向纵深发展,鉴于加入WTO的新形势和新要求,内外资企业分别采取两套所得税法所带来的所得税制度不统一、不规范,内外资企业税收优惠差别过大,内资企业税前扣除过严,不符合国际惯例等弊端也日益暴露出来,尽快统一内外资企业两套所得税法,就成了我国当前亟待解决的一个紧迫课题.     

Debt and Taxes and Uncertainty

With a graduated personal tax schedule, Miller showed that there could be an equilibrium debt supply for the corporate sector as a whole. In the presence of uncertainty there is also a unique debt/equity ratio for each individual firm, and this ratio is related to the firm's operational risk characteristics. However, if firms merge and spin off in response to tax incentives, the identity of firms is ambiguous and only the corporate sector is a meaningful construct. These arguments are developed in both discrete and continuous models that employ extensions of the arbitrage-free pricing theory.     

教育与资本怎样的前景怎样的现实

来自政府的声音: "动员各种社会资源,发展教育" 此次论坛上财政部长助理张少春的发言是最受关注的发言之一.他的演讲传达出的信息有这样几方面:第一,谈到现实,他认为全社会对教育的巨大需求与我国公共投入不足已成为我国教育事业发展的突出矛盾.近年来,以公共部门投入为主,多渠道筹措教育经费的教育投入机制成为解决这一问题的重要途径,也使得公共部门与私营部门在教育领域的合作日益密切.第二,谈到前景,他认为,1.中国经济持续、快速的增长对高技能人才产生巨大的需求,这为私营部门的参与提供了广阔空间.2.随着公共财政职能的不断完善,财政资金将在各项教育事业中重新进行分配,进一步优化财政支出结构,提高资金的使用效率.在"十一五"期间,我国将把公共支出的重点转移到农村.我们将逐步把全体农村适龄儿童的义务教育全部纳入公共财政体制.     

Director gender and mergers and acquisitions

Does director gender influence CEO empire building? Does it affect the bid premium paid for target firms? Less overconfident female directors less overestimate merger gains. As a result, firms with female directors are less likely to make acquisitions and if they do, pay lower bid premia. Using acquisition bids by S&P 1500 companies during 1997–2009 we find that each additional female director is associated with 7.6% fewer bids, and each additional female director on a bidder board reduces the bid premium paid by 15.4%. Our findings support the notion that female directors help create shareholder value through their influence on acquisition decisions. We also discuss other possible interpretations of our findings.     

Political corruption and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between political corruption and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that local corruption increases firm acquisitiveness but decreases firm targetiveness. The levels of corruption in acquirer areas relate positively to the bid premiums and negatively to the likelihood of deal completion. Corruption motivates acquiring firms to use excess cash for payment, which mitigates the negative effect of corruption on acquirer shareholder value. The evidence indicates that acquisitions help acquiring firms convert cash into hard-to-extract assets and relocate assets from the high to low corruption areas, thereby shielding their liquid assets from expropriation by local officials.     

East and west and north and south : A preliminary model

The Brandt report and other proposals for a new North-South world order continue to be the focus of lively debate, yet it is often argued that little concrete has emerged from their recommendations. A major reason for this, the author argues, is that the East-West conflict component is not sufficiently taken into consideration-East-West tensions are a severe constraint on and a determining factor of North-South relations. Using influence diagrams, the author develops a flexible framework for discussion and assessment of N/S-E/W relations.     

Trust and cross-border mergers and acquisitions

A number of studies suggest that social trust matters for investment. Using different measures of trust from World Values Survey, we show that countries where people display higher levels of trust engage in more cross-border M&A activities. When they do, these acquirers pay lower premiums. To the extent that these acquirers also tend to engage in larger acquisitions as well, our findings suggest that a larger selection pool of potential targets and higher value targets enable these acquirers to negotiate for lower premiums. We do not find evidence of the significant effect for target country trust levels. Hence, trust may benefit those acquiring firms in cross-border transactions.     

Tournament-based incentives and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between tournament-based incentives, which are proxied by the difference between a firm's CEO pay and the median pay of the senior managers, and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that tournament-based incentives are positively related to firm acquisitiveness and acquiring firms' stock and operating performance. Further analysis indicates that positive acquisition performance increases the likelihood of the CEO being promoted from inside the acquiring firm. Our evidence is consistent with the view that tournament-based incentives motivate acquiring firms' managers to make greater efforts and take more risk that result in superior acquisition performance.     

Corporate Innovations and Mergers and Acquisitions

Using a large and unique patent‐merger data set over the period 1984 to 2006, we show that companies with large patent portfolios and low R&D expenses are acquirers, while companies with high R&D expenses and slow growth in patent output are targets. Further, technological overlap between firm pairs has a positive effect on transaction incidence, and this effect is reduced for firm pairs that overlap in product markets. We also show that acquirers with prior technological linkage to their target firms produce more patents afterwards. We conclude that synergies obtained from combining innovation capabilities are important drivers of acquisitions.