长株潭地区生态文明建设评价实证研究——以株洲市为例

在长株潭两型社会建设背景下,通过文献统计和多层次综合指标评价法,从生态经济、生态环境、生态人居、生态制度、生态文化等五个层面构建了适合长株潭地区的生态文明建设评价指标体系,以株洲市为例对其2008-2014年的生态文明建设情况进行了实证研究。评价结果显示：①2008年—2014年,株洲市生态文明建设综合评价指数呈现平稳增长趋势,由2008年的23.25增加到2014年的75.34,年均增幅21.64%;②2008年—2014年,株洲市生态人居评价指数增幅最高（30.58%）,生态制度评价指数增幅次之（30.36%）,增幅小于20%的依次是生态文化评价指数（19.60%）、生态经济评价指数（18.29%）以及生态环境评价指数（15.17%）。     

2020年广安市中小流域水环境承载力评价研究

本研究采用单因子评价法，对2020年广安市中小流域水环境承载力开展评价。结果表明，广安市水环境承载力指数为79.92%，其处于临界超载状态；国控考核断面、省控考核断面、川渝跨界断面、嘉陵江流域、长江上游的水环境承载力指数分别为96.52%、88.54%、98.34%、98.81%、65.28%，仅长江上游处于超载状态。     

基于模糊综合评价的渤海近海海域生态环境承载力研究

将模糊综合评价模型的理论和方法应用于渤海近海海域生态环境承载力的评估,对2003-2008年渤海近海海域生态环境承载力做出评价。评价结果为2003-2006年渤海近海海域生态环境承载力处于适载状态,2007-2008年处于超载状态。2003-2008年,渤海近海海域生态环境面临越来越大的压力。目前,渤海近海海域生态环境承载力的主要限制因素是沿海地区产值年增长率和人均沿海地区产值过高,沿海地区工业废水、工业固体废物排放过量,浮游植物多样性下降,海洋科研项目数过多等。据此提出了合理控制沿海地区经济增长率,治理污染源等应对策略。     

苏州市吴中区太湖流域水环境综合治理分析

自2008年《太湖流域水环境综合治理总体方案》实施以来，太湖水环境质量稳中有升，连续14年实现“两个确保”目标（确保饮用水安全、确保不发生大面积水质黑臭）。苏州市吴中区地处太湖流域下游，在享受长三角一体化发展、苏州生态涵养发展实验区等战略机遇的同时，也承担更大的生态环境保护压力。本文分析吴中区太湖水环境综合治理存在的主要问题，然后提出科学的建议，以期为吴中区太湖水环境综合治理提供思路。     

基于PSR模型和熵权法的南宁市城市土地集约利用评价

以南宁市为例，基于PSR模型建立土地集约利用评价体系，运用熵权法对各项指标测算权重，定量评价南宁市土地集约利用情况。结果表明：2012-2021年南宁市土地集约利用水平不断提高，土地压力系统呈先下降后上升的趋势，土地状态系统呈上升趋势，土地响应状态比较平稳，土地集约利用协调度也处于一个较平稳的状态。南宁市人口密度不断上升，土地压力成上升趋势，但建设用地增长率逐渐下降，说明南宁市建设用地扩张的趋势有明显的好转。     

西部地区资源承载力模糊综合评价

资源承载力是指一个国家或一个地区资源数量和质量对该空间内人口、经济及社会发展的支撑力,是可持续发展的重要体现。本文首先介绍了基于模糊数学理论的资源承载力评价方法,并建立了综合评价指标体系;然后利用西部11省、市、区（除西藏外）2008年数据进行了具体分析和计算,结果表明：西部地区土地资源、水资源都处于中等水平,其它资源承载力（主要是能源矿产资源）处于低水平,资源综合承载能力处于中等水平;最后对其原因进行了分析,并提出了相关建议。     

黄土高原沟壑区资源环境承载力评价——以陕北子长县为例

资源环境承载力的正确认识与评价是土地规划与城市规划的前提条件,是土地空间布局调整的有力支撑。本文结合子长县的资源环境、经济发展以及相关基础资料的收集情况,选择土地资源、水资源、社会资源、地质环境、水环境与矿产资源6个要素类13个评价因子,采用多因子综合评价法对子长县资源环境承载力进行分析评价,为子长县土地利用总体规划调整提供科学依据。     

高等教育生态承载力评价及空间异质性分析

遵循评价体系构建基本原则,从高等教育生态承载力理论内涵出发,构建省域高等教育生态承载力评价体系。评价体系涵盖了生态弹性度、资源与环境承载力、承载压力度3个系统层,并基于改进熵权法对中国省域高等教育生态承载力进行评价及空间格局分析。研究发现：承载压力度、资源与环境承载力对高等教育生态承载力影响作用最大;中国高等教育生态承载力空间格局差异显著,表现为地区间和地区内不均衡发展;地区间和地区内生态弹性度差异最为明显,多数省份存在明显长短板共存现象。据此,提出相关对策建议,为我国高等教育生态系统高质量发展指明路径。     

内蒙古能源消费对生态造成的压力及其应对策略

本文测算了内蒙古2003-2014年的人均能源生态足迹和人均能源生态承载力,得出2003-2008年间内蒙古处于能源生态盈余,2009-2014年处于能源生态赤字的结论,找出内蒙古人均能源生态足迹的可能影响因素,并将这些可能影响因素作为解释变量做回归分析,得出内蒙古人均能源生态足迹的影响因素,并在此基础上提出怎样降低内蒙古因一次能源的消耗而带来的生态压力.     

南宁市可持续发展能力评价

南宁市在经济高速发展的同时也产生了一系列影响其可持续发展的问题。城市可持续发展是一个动态的发展过程,本文把南宁市1999年-2009年的发展状况分为三个阶段,通过建立可持续发展能力评价指标体系,利用熵值法来对南宁市可持续发展能力进行了综合评价研究。     

Penetration and Post-infection Development of Meloidogyne Incognita on Tobacco as Treated by Rhizobacteria Pseudomonas Fluorescens Strain P-72-10

The bio-control potential of rhizospere bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens against plant-parasite nematode had been demonstrated. P. fluorescens had shown the effect to enhance tobacco resistance to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Inoculation with P. fluoreseens in tobacco could lead to significant reductions in the number of juveniles that penetrated tobacco root and further life stage development of the juveniles. The number of juveniles penetrated into tobac- co root in treatment with P. fluorescens is significantly different from CK at 2DAI, 6DAI, 8DAI and 10DAI. Significant reduction and delayed development of juveniles that penetrated into tobacco root and treated were observed in treatment at 14DAI, 21DAI, 28DAI and 35DAI. In addition, P. fluoreseens treatment leads to a significant reduction in the number of eggs per egg-mass at 35 DAI. The results show P. fluorescens induced a continuously suppression on root-knot nema- tode M. incognita throughout their entire early infection phase of root penetration, subsequent life stage development and reproduction.     

For Better or for Worse? Local Impacts of the Decentralization of Indonesia’s Forest Sector

This paper quantifies the local impacts of mechanized logging on forest-dependent communities in Indonesia, before and after decentralization. A conceptual framework incorporates financial, social, enforcement, rent-seeking, and environmental impacts. Using data from 60 communities in East Kalimantan, the empirical results suggest that significantly more households received financial and in-kind benefits after decentralization compared to before. Many communities engaged in self-enforcement activities against firms both before and after decentralization. Post-decentralization, a significantly higher proportion of households perceived community forest ownership. There were few significant differences in perceived environmental impacts. Little evidence exists of a post-decentralization trade-off between environmental and financial contractual provisions.     

以资本管理为核心的银行治理综合评价指标研究

商业银行的特殊性体现在风险性、外部性和多重治理目标上,尤其集中体现在风险管理的本质上。风险管理日益成为现代商业银行的主体活动和核心职能,资本管理成为现代商业银行风险管理的核心。在整合EVA和RAROC指标的基础上。文章构建了以资本管理为核心的银行治理的综合评价指标,以求真实反映银行经营的成果,有效衡量风险收益和风险成本的对比关系,从而反映以资本管理为核心的银行风险管理的过程、能力和效率。     

Markteintrittstiming von Telekommunikationsdiensteanbietern

Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Studie analysiert für 87 Neuprodukteinführungen (NPE) und Auslandsmarkteintritte (AME) von Telekommunikations(TK)-Diensteanbietern in Deutschland, zu denen 42 Schlüsselinformanten in einer schriftlichen Befragung Auskunft gaben, (1) inwieweit deren zeitliche Eintrittspositionierung durch Marktcharakteristika und Unternehmensressourcen erkl?rbar ist sowie (2) inwieweit und gegebenenfalls unter welchen unternehmensexternen und -internen Situationsbedingungen deren Markteintrittstiming mit dem wahrgenommenen Eintrittserfolg assoziiert ist. Ein früher Markteintritt wurde dann realisiert, wenn die Wettbewerbsintensit?t im adressierten Gesch?ft niedrig und das Budget für den Expansionsschritt überdurchschnittlich ausfielen. Zwischen dem Markteintrittstiming und der Beurteilung des Eintrittserfolgs bestand ein nicht monotoner, umgekehrt U-f?rmiger Zusammenhang: Frühe Folger wiesen signifikant bessere Erfolgswerte auf als Pioniere und sp?te Folger, deren Erfolgsniveaus nicht signifikant divergierten. In einer Industrie, die durch starke externe Netzeffekte gepr?gt ist, fallen offenbar die Nachteile eines Markteintritts als Pionier oder sp?ter Folger st?rker ins Gewicht als die Vorteile dieser beiden zeitlichen Eintrittspositionierungen. Unabh?ngig vom Markteintrittstiming wurden NPE/AME von TK-Unternehmen als erfolgreicher eingestuft, wenn sie sich in einen Markt mit stark wachsender Nachfrage und aufeinander abgestimmt (re)agierenden Wettbewerbern mit qualitativ überdurchschnittlichen, abw?rtskompatiblen, erprobbaren und wenig erkl?rungsbedürftigen TK-Diensten engagierten.      

利用膜技术回收利用碱性废水研究进展

回顾了利用膜分离技术处理碱性废水的工艺与综合利用技术所取得的丰硕成果，总结了各种治理方法的特点、适用性及发展方向。     

Taxing Times in Indonesia: The Challenge of Restoring Competitiveness and the Search for Fiscal Space

Indonesia’s economic growth picked up slightly in mid-2016 but remains below the level demanded by government and popular aspirations. Despite a plethora of reforms intended to increase efficiency and productivity, some policies are perverse and longstanding problems of implementation remain. The share of manufacturing has declined, the real exchange rate has appreciated, exports have dwindled, and growth has been trending downwards. The banking sector is stable but inefficient, with wide net interest margins and numerous barriers to competition. Trade protection, particularly in basic food commodities, has created high costs that weigh particularly heavily on the poor. Declining government revenues have placed increasing pressure on the public budget, even as the current administration aims to increase spending on infrastructure and welfare and to enhance productivity. In an effort to increase revenues, the government has announced a tax amnesty program and other measures. In addition, Sri Mulyani Indrawati, the new finance minister, has taken steps to cut non-essential expenditure in order to secure high spending on infrastructure and at the same time keep within the 3% budget deficit limit stipulated by law. Although the overall debt situation is not yet alarming, declining revenues and budget cuts that do not fully reflect this decline are putting pressure on increasing debt levels. The government’s high-profile tax amnesty program was the major policy initiative implemented in the second half of 2016 that aimed to relieve this pressure. Despite widespread criticism of, and scepticism about, the tax amnesty (both within and outside Indonesia), its first phase had a much higher participation rate than most independent accounts expected. Revenues raised so far through the amnesty are less than 60% of the official target, but this is actually a strong result for the short term. The bigger question, however, is whether the amnesty is a key element of a more encompassing strategy to overhaul the system of taxation and tax administration.     

The causes of Japan's ‘lost decade’: The role of household consumption

In this paper, I analyze the causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and find that the stagnation of investment, especially private fixed investment, was the primary culprit. I then investigate the causes of the stagnation of household consumption during the 1990s and find that the stagnation of household disposable income, the decline in household wealth, and increased uncertainty about the future are among the contributing factors. Finally, I consider whether demand side factors or supply side factors were more important as causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and conclude that the former (especially misguided government policies) were probably more important.