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《中国集体经济》2019,(31)
民族地区的精准扶贫是中国精准扶贫战略的重要组成部分。社会资本作为可持续发展的关键资本,在精准扶贫中起着不可或缺的作用。文章以甘肃省临夏州和政县为例,以社会资本中的社会信任维度、社会网络维度和社会规范维度为出发点,运用问卷调查法和文献检索法,基于入户调查资料,对比分析了汉族、回族和东乡族地区社会资本投资与减贫效应的关系。研究发现,社会资本投资与农户的年龄、民族、性别等因素有很大关系,且在农户社会网络、规范和信任维度均具有明显的减贫效应。要实现农民收入结构优化、农民增收渠道拓宽,不仅需要外部相关政策以及农业结构调整的引导,还需要农户进行社会信任、社会网络、社会规范等社会资本的持久投入。农民自身也应该多和外界沟通,注重培育人与人之间及团体之间的良好信任,政府也应积极为当地服务组织和社团的发展提供资金及政策支持,促进各种资源及信息的流动,农户之间更要培育一定的互惠机制,使其为农户自身发展提供帮助。 相似文献
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社会资本作为一种非正式制度,对民间金融发展的影响已经得到了一些理论和实证研究的证实。社会资本通过其所包含的信任、声誉及道德规范等要素,在增强民间金融借贷双方的信任与合作关系、降低交易成本、防止机会主义行为、扩大融资规模、提高融资效率等方面作用显著。 相似文献
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信任、规范和社会网络是志愿者组织社会资本的三个要素,志愿者组织适合采用治理模式,组织决策模式的选择能反映组织治理的模式。组织中的社会资本影响志愿者组织决策的目标、主体、过程和模式的选择。实践中,从树立科学的治理理念、塑造治理精英、制度安排,以及设定共同目标、鼓励线上线下交往和设定互惠规范等方面,提高志愿者组织治理的水平。 相似文献
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政府作为社会生活中的重要主体,其决策的科学性与有效性是事关民众利益的重要向度。基础的支持因素是民众的理解和支持。社会资本尤其是政府拥有的社会资本作为一种解释变量,在不同的范式框架下表现为规则与程序、信任、互惠机制以及非正式规范等内容,它的有效构建为政府决策过程的科学性与有效性实现提供了一种新的视角。 相似文献
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知识型团队是组织进行知识创造的理想场所,知识共享机会、意愿和能力是影响团队成员知识共享的决定性因素.文章用社会资本理论,结合社会网络理论的基本思想对知识型团队知识共享的影响机制进行探索性研究,并从社会资本三个维度分别阐述组织如何有效促进团队知识共享:建立紧密网络、营造信任的文化氛围、提高知识共享能力. 相似文献
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《The Scandinavian economic history review / [the Scandanavian Society for Economic and Social History and Historical Geography]》2012,60(2):18-30
Abstract During the first half of this century a main interest in international economic history was the focus on towns and trade. This path of research derived support from both Adam Smith and Karl Marx, as well as, for example, Karl Bücher in the late 19th century and, of course, Henri Pirenne in the early 20th century. 相似文献
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Kirsten K. Madden 《Southern economic journal》2010,77(1):224-239
Twenty‐six undergraduate students explored the meaning of the classics (Adam Smith and Karl Marx) and two lesser‐known contributions in ethics and economics (Robert Owen and John Ruskin) in a spring 2007 history of economic thought course. This article introduces the inquiry‐based discussion technique used in the course and presents five question clusters fulfilling requirements for an inquiry‐based discussion. A proposed hypothesis is that the technique increases student understanding of challenging texts. Pre‐ and postdiscussion assessments for five interpretative questions serve as evidence to evaluate the hypothesis. Assessment results lend empirical support to the hypothesized positive impact of the technique on student learning. End‐of‐the‐semester student survey results captured student opinions concerning their learning from the technique. Survey results suggest the students believe that the technique positively impacts aspects of the learning process; the students recommend the discussion technique for future use. 相似文献
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文章首先对法学领域的权利概念进行简单梳理;接着分析了亚当·斯密等经济学家的经济理论,在他们的理论中,“权利”具有资本的属性,因而本文引出了“权利资本”的概念;最后,通过研究得出结论:“权利资本”不但是社会资本的基本内核,而且是人的发展的重要维度。 相似文献
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The Mercantile Laws Commission of 1854 and the Political Economy of Limited Liability 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
R.A. Bryer 《The Economic history review》1997,50(1):37-56
It is widely agreed that the coming of limited liability in the Joint-Stock Companies Act of 1855 marked a revolutionary change. However, this change is hard to explain because it appeared to serve no particular interest. This article supports the lone alternative view of Jeffreys that limited liability was introduced in the interests of wealthy potential investors. It argues that the commission's report was introduced in the interests of wealthy potential investors. It argues that the commission's report presented parliament with competing analyses of limited liability from the perspectives of two very different theories of political economy: one which followed Adam Smith in arguing that unlimited liability was necessary to sustain a world fit for individual capitalists; and another which, anticipating Marx's critique of Adam Smith, argued for limited liability to create a world fit for social capital. 相似文献
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马克思之前的产权思想研究范围较窄,唯心主义色彩较重。在批判吸收这些产权思想合理成份的同时,马克思运用历史唯物主义方法论,解答了当时最迫切的产权问题,形成了系统的产权理论。产权思想到马克思产权理论这一嬗变过程,给我们发展马克思产权理论、进行理论创新提供了以下启示:坚持历史唯物主义方法论,吸收西方产权理论的优秀成果,紧密关注经济现实。 相似文献
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In the rapid urbanization process, indigenous villagers' social capital might be affected by the flooding-in of rural migrants and more importantly by the government's urbanization policies. Based on survey data collected from fifteen Beijing villages in 2011 and 2012, we study the relationship between social capital and urbanization for indigenous villagers in the urban fringe of Beijing. We find that the bottom-up urbanization measured by migrant-local ratio weakened social networks and social trust. However, the top-down urbanization measured by designating policy zone promoted social networks and social trust. 相似文献
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经济增长理论是社会经济发展的一种理论反映,源于斯密和李嘉图为代表的古典经济学派,是二战后在发达国家广泛流行的经济理论,大体经历了三个发展阶段.现代经济增长理论及模型的建立强调科学技术进步、人力资本积累对经济增长的促进作用.但是,发达国家经济学家自身存在的认识论缺陷使其不可能科学完整的建立经济增长理论及模型,因此必须遵循马克思的方法论从理论为实际的反映入手建立科学模型,并以此指导中国社会经济技术实践,特别是经济增长方式的转变实践. 相似文献
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The impact of social capital on economic development has been broadly studied by scholars. However, research in the Chinese context is relatively rare. Drawing upon data from the China General Social Survey, our results suggest that the enhancing effect of social capital on total factor productivity is very limited in the case of China. The network dimension of social capital is significant only in pooled OLS estimations, and trust as well as the participation dimension of social capital exert no impact across all estimations. Our interpretation is that this is partly due to the fact that trust, values and norms formed in civil society are inherently difficult to transmit to the market sector. Besides, the impact of social capital on economic performance is undermined when physical capital plays a significant role in production. We therefore propose that the effect of social capital on economic performance is contingent on localized social and economic conditions. 相似文献